Help on Tele2, tariffs, questions

Hello, dear readers and site visitors.

After purchasing a chandelier, the question always arises of how to install it. In this article I will tell you how to hang a lamp or chandelier without calling specialists.

There is nothing complicated about this and you can easily cope on your own. But some subtleties and nuances need to be mentioned.

There are several ways to mount and install a chandelier in the ceiling:

• on a metal hook
• on a bracket or bar
• directly to the surface

Let's look at each fastening method in more detail.

Installing a chandelier using a hook

This is the simplest and convenient way chandelier mountings. We hang it on a metal hook pre-installed on the ceiling. My example shows an old-style metal hook installed during the construction of the house.

1. How to hang it heavy chandelier

If the chandelier is not heavy and weighs up to 3-4 (kg), then you can use a metal hook like this with a thread.

Using a hammer drill, we drill a hole in the ceiling, insert a plastic dowel into it and screw in the hook. The chandelier mount is ready.

Also, using a threaded metal hook, you can install the chandelier in a ceiling with wooden floor. The hook just needs to be screwed into wooden base ceiling.

I would like to draw your attention to the following. Installing a hook in a plasterboard ceiling is prohibited. In this case, the metal hook must be attached to concrete base ceiling.

2. How to hang a heavy chandelier

If the chandelier is heavy and weighs more than 5 (kg), then it is better to use special anchor bolts with a diameter of 10 sq. mm. with spacer hook.

Drill a hole in the ceiling of the required diameter. After that, insert the anchor into it and tighten it until it stops. This chandelier mount is very reliable.

Chandeliers that are designed to be installed on a hook have a special decorative cup.

The cup moves freely in height and is fixed in the upper position to hide places.

Installation of a chandelier using a bracket (bar)

Now we will look at how to install a chandelier without a metal hook. I consider this method of fastening somewhat more complicated than the previous one, but not so complicated as to resort to paid services specialists.

Included with the purchased chandelier is a special metal bracket or strip. We install 2 screws into this bracket or bar, adjusting the distance between them, and then tighten them with nuts. After this, we attach the bracket to the ceiling using a hammer drill and two dowel nails.

Previously, a chandelier on a metal hook was installed in this place. The purchased new chandelier is attached using a bracket, so I bent the hook towards the ceiling, which you can see in the photo. You can even cut off the hook, but in this position it doesn’t bother me at all.

Tighten the two fastening decorative nuts.

The chandelier is installed and ready for use.

I won’t dwell on this now, because... this is the topic of a separate article. Read in upcoming issues.

P.S. So, in this article we learned how to install a chandelier using metal hooks, brackets and directly to the surface. Now let's move on to connecting it. Read about this in my next articles.

The question “How to hang a chandelier correctly?” can be divided into two parts: connecting the chandelier to the electrical network and directly mounting the chandelier on the ceiling. Connecting a chandelier requires knowledge of electrical basics, but figuring it out is not very difficult.

To install the chandelier with your own hands, you will need the following tools:

• stepladder or table;
• electric drill (perforator);
• pliers with insulated handles;
• indicator screwdriver;
• wire cutters;
• a Phillips screwdriver with a thin blade;
• insulating tape;
• mounting block for clamping wires.

Modern chandeliers have two types of mounts. The first is a loop that clings to a hook in the ceiling. In this case, the place of suspension is covered with a decorative overlay - a cup.

Second option - mounting plate, which is fixed on the ceiling and to which the chandelier is then attached. Here the decorative overlay is also a fastening element.

Hanging on a hook

A hanging hook is the simplest option for attaching a chandelier. At first need to make a hole in the ceiling next to the wires coming out of it, with a diameter of at least 8 mm. For this purpose it is used hammer drill or a hammer drill.

It is recommended to install the hook using anchor systems. Exist different types anchor fastenings.

If the chandelier is small, weighing 1-1.5 kg, you can use a regular hook with a screw thread, which is screwed into plastic stopper– dowel. For heavier chandeliers, expansion metal anchors are required, with a length of 50 mm and a cross-section of 10 mm.

When using plastic dowels, it is better to take corrugated ones, with a length of 40 mm. Smooth dowels do not hold well in the slab. After fixing the dowel, a hook is screwed into it, or an expansion anchor is installed. The hook should be insulated with two layers of electrical tape.

Next, the chandelier wires need to be connected to the wires coming from the switch using a special block with clamping bolts - a terminal block. To tighten the bolts you will need a slotted screwdriver with a narrow blade. This block is included with the chandelier. If it is not there, the wires are twisted and wrapped with insulating tape.

Then you need to move the decorative cup close to the ceiling, moving it along the tubular base of the chandelier, and fix it. The decorative cover will hide the electrical wiring terminals and wire connections. The disadvantage of this type of fastening is that sometimes the height of the decorative cup is not enough, and an unsightly gap remains between it and the ceiling. Before fixing the decorative cup, you need to check the quality of the chandelier connection.

Under no circumstances should the hook be attached to sheets of drywall, as it may not support the weight of the chandelier. When installing a ceiling made of plasterboard or suspended ceiling, you need to leave a hole in it for the hook to come out along with the wires.

If the chandelier is without a hook

The process of attaching a chandelier using a metal strip is somewhat more complicated. In this case, the metal bar takes on the entire load. If there is a hook from an old chandelier in the ceiling, it should be removed.

The plank is applied to the ceiling at in the right place and the points for drilling holes for dowels are marked with a pencil. Then holes are drilled in the ceiling and dowels are fixed in them. Next, mounting bolts are inserted into the bar at a distance equal to the distance between the holes for mounting on the decorative box of the chandelier, and secured with nuts. After this, the plank is placed on the ceiling and secured with self-tapping screws.

It is better to do the next stage of work together, since it will not work alone. Need to attach decorative box to the bar so that the mounting bolts fit into the holes on the box, and before that connect the wires of the chandelier and the switch.

One person should hold the chandelier and the other should connect the wires, since it is impossible to do this with one hand. After the chandelier is connected and the bolts of the strip coincide with the holes of the box, it is pressed to the ceiling and secured with decorative nuts. All connecting wiring is hidden under a decorative box.

When installing suspended ceilings, you need to prepare the base for fastening in advance mounting plate at ceiling level. It could be simple wooden block required height. The plank is attached to the block with ordinary self-tapping screws.

How to hang a chandelier on plasterboard: if the ceiling is made of plasterboard, metal dowels that can withstand a load of up to 15 kg, or butterfly-shaped dowels are used as fastenings for the strip.

Connection diagram

First of all, you need to turn off the electricity using circuit breaker located in the electrical panel on landing. The absence of voltage is checked with an indicator screwdriver.

There should be three wires on the ceiling: one is “zero”, the other two are “phase”. The insulation is removed from the wires; the length of the exposed tip should be approximately 3-4 cm. Separate the wires in different directions to avoid short circuits.

Then you need to turn on the electricity again to determine which of the wires are phase. To do this, touch each of the wires with an indicator screwdriver. If the wire is a “phase”, then the indicator will light up; if the indicator is not lit, then it is “zero”. It is advisable to mark “zero” with electrical tape. If you have a voltmeter available, it is better to use it, because working under voltage is still dangerous.

IN modern houses the wires are color-coded: the blue wire is “zero”, the brown wire is “phase”, maybe even yellow is grounding. The chandelier should be accompanied by instructions with recommendations for its installation. If it states that the design of the lamp involves grounding, this must be taken into account.

The phase wires are led out to the switch, the “zero” goes into the installation box.

If the switch is single-key, you first need to connect the wiring in the chandelier itself. The blue ones from each light bulb are connected to other blue ones, brown ones to brown ones. The “zero” wire from the ceiling is connected to the “zero” wire from the chandelier. The phase wires from the ceiling and the chandelier are also connected to each other.

If there is no color marking, then you can arbitrarily connect one wire from each light bulb and similarly connect the remaining wires together. Lead one connection to the “neutral” wire on the ceiling, the other to the phase.

You should know that you cannot twist copper and aluminum wires together. An electron pair from these two metals causes destruction of the contact. A special block is used to connect such wires.

Connecting a chandelier to a double switch

At two-button switch you need to make sure that when you turn on one key, only part of the lamps light up, when you turn on the second, the rest, and when you turn on both keys, all the lamps come on together.
If there are only two lampshades, connecting a chandelier with 3 wires is carried out in the same way: “zero” is connected to “zero”, both phases are connected to each other.

The phases of the chandelier wires, if they do not have markings, are determined as follows: the wires are plugged in pairs into the socket, and there is no need to touch the third wire. You need to find a position for the wires such that one of them is constantly in the socket, and when you connect one or the other of the remaining two, first one or the other lamp lights up. Then the wire that is always in the socket will be “zero”, the other two will be phase wires.

If there are several light bulbs, you need to divide them into two groups: which ones will turn on from the first switch key and which ones from the second. Then take one identical wire from each light bulb (phase or “zero”) and connect them together.

Divide the remaining wires into two parts depending on the designated groups and also connect them together - you get two twists. A twist containing wires from all the light bulbs is connected to the “zero” wire. The other two twists are separately connected to the two phase wires.

To ensure reliable connection of wires from the chandelier and wires coming from the ceiling, it is better to use terminal blocks not with screws, but with clamps. They are suitable for both aluminum wires, and for copper.

Currently, chandeliers, in addition to their main task - to illuminate the room, also serve as a decorative element. Not only safety, but also the degree of illumination of the room and its interior depends on how correctly the chandelier is installed.

In contact with

Classmates

Before you start installing a chandelier, you need to think about which model to choose and figure out how it will harmonize with the interior of the room. Since the range of this product in stores is quite wide, before purchasing you need to familiarize yourself with the types of chandeliers and the materials from which it can be made.

Types of chandeliers

Exist the following types chandelier:

• Ceiling (plafonds). These chandeliers are perfect for almost any room. Lampshades are usually presented in the form of a ball, square or cube, made of plastic or glass. Lampshades can be presented not only various forms, but also in different colors.
• Suspensions. Usually installed in the kitchen or large living room. Such chandeliers are attached to a cord, chain or string. Made from glass, fabric or plastic.
• Classic. It will look great in a spacious room with a high ceiling. They are distinguished by their refined and luxurious appearance. Made from crystal, metal, glass, etc.

Types of fasteners for chandeliers

Many people ask the question of how to hang a chandelier if its owner does not have special knowledge of electricity. First you need to determine what type of fastener is present on the lighting fixture.

Hook for fastening

Typically, the type of fastener depends on the design of the chandelier and the materials from which it is made. The main types of fastenings are the following:

1. Wall;
2. Ceiling;
3. Built-in;
4. Mixed.

The most common and easiest to install is the ceiling mount. The most difficult part will be the installation of a chandelier with built-in and mixed mounts.

The installation of a chandelier, regardless of the fasteners on which it will be attached, must be carried out according to certain rules:

• Before installing the device, you must turn off the power supply. This is the most important condition, since all actions aimed at installing the chandelier and working with wiring can be life-threatening.
• All exposed wires and metal parts of fasteners must be insulated;
• When installing a chandelier directly, it is better to remove all shades to avoid them falling. In addition, installing a chandelier without heavy elements is much easier than with them.

Mount for regular ceiling

Tools required for installation

One person can hang a small chandelier, but there are models weighing 8-10 kg, in which case it is recommended that two people install the device. During work you may need the following tools:

• Stepladder, table or chair. You can use a nightstand or other securely fastened object that can support the weight of an adult;
• or, depending on the material on which the device will be installed, as well as the thickness and strength of the walls or ceiling.
• Stationery knife, hammer, screwdrivers, screwdriver, electrical tape;
• , anchors, dowels, screws (depending on fastening).

How to hang a lighting fixture on the wall?

The wall mount is a metal fastener that can be easily mounted to almost any surface. To install the lamp on wall mount necessary:

• Place the housing of the lighting fixture against the wall;
• Mark the points on the wall where holes will need to be made;
• Use a drill or hammer drill to make holes;
• Attach the housing to the wall;
• Connect the device to the electrical network through the terminal block. The terminal block is located inside the luminaire and is a small housing containing the contacts necessary for fastening wires and cables;
• Assemble the lamp and check its operation.

Preparing wiring for the chandelier

How to hang a chandelier on a ceiling mount?

Before you hang ceiling chandelier, you need to understand what type of fasteners it has. Typically, ceiling mounts come in two types:

1. In the form of a hook. A chandelier with such a mount will be hung on a hook, securely
2. screwed into the ceiling.
3. In the form of a plank. In this case, the plank is firmly mounted in the ceiling, and then the chandelier is attached to it.

Both fastening options are the most common, and their installation is quite simple and does not require special skills. Very often, the hook is installed in the ceiling during the construction of the house.

Installing a chandelier on a ceiling hook

If a ceiling hook is not provided, you can install it yourself as follows:

• Drill a hole;
• Screw a metal anchor into it;
• Screw in the hook;
• Insulate the hook with electrical tape. This procedure is carried out for safety reasons.
• Check the strength and hang the chandelier.

If the ceiling is wooden, you can use a self-tapping hook that is directly screwed into the ceiling.

The ceiling hook is considered the most reliable mount, capable of supporting even the heaviest lighting fixture.

Hole for a chandelier in a suspended ceiling

Installing a chandelier on a mounting strip

Before hanging the chandelier, you need to secure the strip. To do this you need:

• Attach the bar and mark the place of its intended attachment;
• Make holes;
• Place dowels;
• Screw in the bar using screws;
• After making sure that the wires are de-energized, connect the wires to the electrical wiring of the house;
• Hang the chandelier so that the decorative cap fits tightly to the surface of the ceiling.

If there is a hook where the plank is installed, it must be bent to the ceiling so that it does not interfere.

Cross bar mounting

The cross strip is, in fact, a type of mounting strip. Its advantage is that, thanks to its larger coverage area and the larger number of holes through which it is attached to the ceiling, the cross bar holds massive chandeliers better. Thanks to these factors, it is a better holder than a regular bar.

Its installation is carried out according to the same rules as on a rectangular plank, with the only difference being that more holes will have to be drilled, usually four.

Attaching the hook to the hole

Installing a chandelier on a suspended or suspended ceiling

The connection diagram for a chandelier on a ceiling made of plasterboard is slightly different from installation on regular ceiling. If you need to fix a heavy chandelier on a hook, then make a small hole in the drywall through which the hook will be mounted into the concrete surface. This is not difficult to do using a special attachment for, for example, a wood crown. The hook cannot be attached directly to suspended or suspended ceilings.

If a small device is mounted using a strip, then installation can be done using plastic or metal fastenings onto the sheet of drywall itself.

Features of installation on a suspended or suspended ceiling

It is better to take care of the mounting for the chandelier before installing the new ceiling, so high-quality installation It is very difficult to make a lighting fixture for such a ceiling, especially if you plan to install the chandelier yourself. The fact is that when creating a hole in a stretch ceiling, the fabric or film begins to creep apart over time.

For a chandelier installed on such a ceiling, only LED bulbs, since ordinary light bulbs cause stains on the ceiling.

Installed chandelier on a suspended ceiling

Is it worth doing the installation yourself?

Should I call electricians or can I hang the chandelier myself? This question is the most pressing for owners of a new lighting device. In general, following the instructions, anyone can hang a chandelier on their own. An important condition is to comply with safety precautions and turn off electricity during work. If the chandelier has big size or weight, then it is better to do the installation together.

Installation and connection lighting fixtures- This is the final stage of renovation in the room. A chandelier is a central piece of lighting that can still be found in almost any room. How to hang a chandelier on the ceiling and do it correctly?

Safety precautions

Electrical installation work is dangerous, because exposed cables can cause harm to health. It is important to eliminate all hazards before starting work. Rules:

1. Work should be carried out during the day, when there is enough natural light.
2. Prepare necessary tools so as not to be distracted while searching for them.
3. Before installation, turn off the power to the cables you are going to work with.
4. On the cables that come from the ceiling, check the voltage with a neon indicator. If the light on it does not light, then everything is in order, you are allowed to start connecting.
5. It is optimal to connect cables using terminal blocks.
6. Grounding is required.
7. After purchasing a new chandelier, you need to disassemble it and make sure that all the screws in the socket and on the terminal blocks are well tightened. Bad contacts will always burn out.

Terminal blocks for chandeliers – convenient option connections

Important! You should not buy cheap Chinese chandeliers; as practice shows, they most often fail. This lighting element will not be used for a year or two, so it is better to find and buy quality product. The cost of this will be higher.

Tools and materials

Before the beginning self-installation you need to prepare the tools you need:

• Power tool: drill or hammer drill. Depending on the type of surface, choose a drill for concrete, wood, or metal.
• Stepladder/table/chair. Moreover, it is undesirable to create a “pyramid”.
• A screwdriver or screwdriver, preferably a cordless one, is more convenient to work with.
• Indicator screwdriver.
• Pliers with insulated handles.
• Wire cutters.

The process requires materials, depending on the chosen installation method:

1. Self-tapping screws with dowels, if fastening is carried out to concrete surface. On wood - if to wood.
2. Fastening element: a hook or anchor is used.
3. Connecting blocks. Sometimes they come included, but expensive devices. If you don't have them, you need to purchase them.

General installation procedure

There are many options for how to secure a chandelier, but they differ only in the installation of the fastening element (hook, strip). The general procedure for installing any chandelier:

• Installation of fasteners for a chandelier.
• Connecting the wires, you first need to ring them to determine the phase and zero. As we remember, we are working with de-energized people. It is convenient if during the fastening process there is an assistant nearby who can hold the chandelier so that it does not fall. If there is no assistant, then the chandelier can be hung at a convenient distance from the ceiling using a strong rope.
• Next, the wires are connected. It is convenient to use pads for this. Some products have special couplings; here you just need to insert the cables that come from the ceiling and tighten the bolts on the coupling.
• If couplings and blocks are not used, then twisting is carried out and the joints must be insulated. In this case, you can use HEAT (heat shrink tubing) or electrical tape.
• The last stage is hanging the chandelier and checking its functionality.

Mounting methods

Exist different ways installation, the choice of one or the other depends on the ceiling material (plasterboard, concrete, wood), the weight of the chandelier and the fastening elements present in its design.

For non-heavy suitable installation using a hook. If the weight is more than 5 kg, then anchors will be required. In some cases, the chandelier should be fixed using a strip. The simplest option is to install chandeliers directly to the ceiling, without intermediate fasteners.

Fixation using a hook

In fact, you can hang any chandelier on the ceiling this way, you just need to choose the right hook.

Installing a hook for mounting a chandelier

Options:

1. For light devices (up to 5 kg) - a simple metal hook with thread. If the ceiling is concrete, then you need a plastic dowel of a suitable size.
2. For heavy ones (over 5 kg) – anchor bolt diameter from 10 sq. mm and spacers that will prevent the chandelier fixed to the ceiling from being pulled out.

Important! This method is suitable for all chandeliers that have a decorative bowl - it hides the mounting elements.

The procedure for installing a chandelier on a hook concrete ceiling:

• Make a hole of the required diameter.
• Hammer in the plastic dowel.
• Screw in the fastening hook.
• Connect the cables and cover the wiring elements with a decorative glass.

If installation is carried out on a wooden ceiling, it is still simpler - the hook is screwed into the wood. If it is very hard, then you should first drill a hole, its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the hook.

Important! The decorative hollow bowl (plate, cup holder) moves freely in height, and upon completion of hanging it is easily fixed in the upper position.

Mounting with bracket or strip

If the design of the device does not provide a loop for hanging on a hook, the previous option will not work. You need to use a bracket or bar. This option is a little more complicated, but still accessible to anyone. home handyman.

Replacing a hook with a bar

The chandelier always comes with a strip or bracket. 2 screws should be inserted into this element and secured. Before tightening the nuts, set the required distance. It is determined based on the placement of holes on the chandelier plate. The screws will then be closed with decorative fastening nuts. Attach the bar itself to the ceiling using self-tapping screws, and tightly.

Sequence of installation on the strip

After this, all that remains is to place the chandelier in its rightful place and secure it with those very decorative nuts.

Important! The designs of chandeliers for the first and second mounting options are very different. But if previously there was a chandelier hanging on a hook in the room, it will not be difficult to mount a model with a strip in that same place, and vice versa.

Simplified mounting option

If the chandelier is light, no heavier than 3 kg, and small in size, then it can be simply attached to the ceiling, without any intermediate hardware. Such products are distinguished by the fact that at the base there is a metal plate, most often round with mounting holes. The process is simple:

1. Place the plate on the ceiling and mark the holes with a pencil.
2. Drill in the right places.
3. Place the plate on the ceiling and fasten it with self-tapping screws.
4. Secure the lampshade.

Such simple chandeliers generally have only one shade for 1 lamp and are used for small rooms. Often hung in the kitchen, bathroom, hallway.

Chandelier with mounting to the ceiling

Custom chandelier

Chandeliers with remote control are available on the market and are gaining popularity. Such devices make it possible to control the intensity of light. Other models feature an air ionization system and fans. You shouldn’t think that installing such devices will be a problem, you just need to take certain points into account:

• When choosing, pay attention to the installation and connection methods. If, after examining the device, you find any wires other than standard ones, you should check with the seller about their purpose and connection diagram.
• If you really liked the chandelier, but self-installation turned out to be too complicated, you can always resort to the services of an electrician.

We fix chandeliers in difficult situations

These options are suitable for hanging chandeliers, provided that the ceiling is fairly flat: concrete or wood. But modern ceilings can be different: tension, plasterboard. And sometimes other difficulties arise in the process, you need to know how to find a way out of such situations. The main point is to have the necessary tools and materials in your arsenal.

First challenge: low ceiling

In this case, difficulties arise even at the search stage suitable model. The easiest way is to purchase a ceiling chandelier and mount it on a double cross-shaped strip. But if similar model doesn't suit the style, you can find a way out.

Suitable chandelier for low ceilings

Even a chandelier with a rod can be mounted, but a hook will not be used. This will make it possible to save up to 15 cm in height. Procedure:

1. Cut the standard complete strip so that after lifting the decorative cap, it is completely hidden under it.
2. Remove all fragile elements from the device, if possible remove the rod.
3. Remove the wires from the terminal block.
4. Behind the thread, along the rod, drill 3 holes. Each, with a diameter of 4–5 mm. They all must be covered with a cap.
5. Stretch fishing line through the holes, screw it to the wires and wrap it tightly with tape.
6. Having installed the rod in place, carefully move the wires along it, tightening the fishing line. This must be done until the wires appear from the holes.
7. All that remains is to connect the wires to the terminal block.
8. After these steps, the rod will be placed between the two complete nuts; all that remains is to fix the bar and connect the wires.

Important! To avoid flickering of the light, it is better not to “twist” the cables. It is worth resorting to soldering and insulating with ordinary electrical tape.

Second difficulty: plasterboard ceiling

This is the most common difficulty, because leveling the ceiling with plasterboard is quite easy, but installing a chandelier is more difficult. This material it is not designed to withstand the load (including the ceiling, it is thinner than the wall) even from a light chandelier, so it is never attached directly to the sheet.

When attaching sheets of plasterboard to a suspended ceiling, you need to mark the places where the profiles pass, because it is in them that it is most reliable to mount any device. Another option is to attach a block to the ceiling at the installation site. It should be of such thickness as to cover the distance between the sheet and the rough ceiling; of course, this place must be marked.

If this is not done, then you will have to make a hole in the sheet in such a way as to get to the rough material: concrete or wooden ceiling. The installation activities mentioned above are already taking place there.

Third difficulty: suspended ceiling

Not always during installation tension fabric the owners want to use Spotlights, which can be easily installed into such surfaces using a special device. As for the chandelier, it is better to think about the fact that it will be installed even before installing the canvas, since you need to place a special plywood platform under it and metal plates. To do this, you need to decide on the location, size of fasteners, and type of installation.

Sectional installation of a chandelier to a suspended ceiling

Important! It is impossible to attach a chandelier to an already stretched canvas. An attempt to puncture will result in the panel (PVC or woven) coming apart and having to be replaced; it cannot be repaired. The hole can no longer be patched.

If the bar is fixed, then the chandelier can be hung on it in any way. In this case, it is necessary to plan the gap taking into account the fact that the canvas will “walk”. But it’s still better not to experiment with this yourself and resort to the services of suspended ceiling specialists. This will definitely be cheaper in price than ordering a new canvas and installing it accordingly.

How to hang a chandelier from the ceiling with your own hands? It would seem, what a question. Slide the top cap of the chandelier down, hang it on the hook, connect the wires, push the cap on - that’s all. But even in this simplest case, difficulties may arise. Which? Let's figure it out.

How are chandeliers hung?

There are four ways to hang chandeliers:

• The ceiling hook is the oldest and most reliable. Requires a solid ceiling and special fastening in it.
• Standard mounting plate (bracket) - due to the distribution of the load over several fastening points with the light weight of the chandelier, it is quite reliable when fastened with dowel nails into plastic sleeves.
• A cross mounting strip works similar to a straight mounting strip, but has more attachment points. Used for chandeliers adjacent to the ceiling.
• The I-beam mounting platform is designed for mounting heavy chandeliers at several points.

All these mounting methods do not allow the chandelier to be pulled close to the ceiling in low rooms. The mounting strips are curved to allow wire exit. Further in this article we will describe a modification of the mounting strip, which allows you to press the chandelier close to the ceiling.

Installation of standard chandelier mounts is simple: using self-tapping screws in sleeve-clips. The diameter of the screws can be determined by the mounting holes in mounting plate; screw length – 40-60 mm. For low ceilings, it is preferable to use chandeliers without a rod.

Much more attention should be paid to safety precautions when installing chandeliers: when working at a height, even a slight electric shock can lead to a fall and serious injury. Will also be considered various kinds non-standard situations related to the suspension and installation of chandeliers: suspended ceiling with a chandelier, how to hang a chandelier on drywall.

Phase indicator and wire phasing

First of all, you need to check the phasing of the wires for the chandelier. Neutral wire(neutral) is common, and the phase wires are connected to the lamp sections through a switch.

The phase/zero of the wiring is determined by a special device - a phase indicator. It can be purchased at any electrical goods store. The indicator is inexpensive. Phase indicators come with a neon lamp and a quenching resistor and electronic ones.

The indicator looks like a screwdriver. When using it, the device is lightly clamped between the index and middle fingers of the right hand in the place intended for this; it is either highlighted in color or has a notch and is separated from the sting by a safety cuff. TOUCHING THE INDICATOR TIP WHILE OPERATING IS DANGEROUS TO LIFE!

When checking phasing thumb touch a special metal terminal at the end of the handle of the device, or a button in an electronic indicator, and touch the wire being tested with the tip of the indicator. If it is phase, the light flashes or the corresponding symbol appears on the display. IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO HOLD THE WIRE WITH THE OTHER HAND EVEN BY THE INSULATION! The indicator can be used with ONLY ONE - THE RIGHT - HAND!

Before checking, turn out/turn off BOTH plugs. Then they expose the ends of the wires protruding from the ceiling for the chandelier, move the ends apart, turn on the plugs, and turn on the switch. Place a stool on a rubber mat, and from it, right hand, the indicator finds a phase wire or two phase wires if the chandelier switch is double. Then turn off the switch without touching the plugs, and check the phasing again. Now the indicator should not light up when you touch any of the wires.

If a phase remains somewhere, the switch must be switched into a phase break, and the neutral wire, if the switch is unipolar, must be connected directly. This work is not difficult, and there is no need to pick at the wall. But, if you are not an electrician, then you need to invite a specialist to do it. No jokes with electricity are in vain.

Search for wiring

Before drilling holes in the ceiling for fasteners, you need to determine where the wiring is located so as not to interrupt it when drilling. To be reliable, the wiring search must be done under load, i.e. under current. Load the wiring as follows:

1. Turn off the traffic jams and the chandelier switch.
2. Wires protruding from the ceiling are temporarily extended to the floor; joints are insulated with electrical tape.
3. Instead of chandelier sections, sockets for incandescent lamps are also temporarily connected.
4. Screw light bulbs into the sockets of at least 60 W, and better - 100-150 W.
5. Includes plugs and switch; You can start looking for wiring.

It is best to search for wiring using an electronic indicator; The neon indicator only works in direct contact with live parts. Eat special devices- wiring finders, but they are more expensive, and the accuracy is no more than two thicknesses of plaster. If the wiring is also hidden in grooves, then the error will be about 5 cm, which is not enough. The indicator gives an accuracy of 1-2 cm at any depth.

The indicator is led, placing a finger on the button, along the ceiling perpendicular to the intended direction of the wiring. When the phase icon appears on the display, make a mark with a pencil and move on. If the icon disappears, make a second mark.

Then they pass the same place in the opposite direction; you will get two pairs of marks. The wiring lies in the middle between the internal ones. Then they move 15-20 cm along the wiring and repeat the search until the end of the working area.

Installation of the chandelier on standard mounts

Installation of a chandelier on standard mounts comes down to routing the power wires to the sections of light bulbs. When checking the phasing of the wiring, the neutral wire must be immediately marked somehow, at least by bending it close to the ceiling with the tip of the indicator. Then the plugs are turned out/turned off and the wires are inserted into the chandelier.

In modern electrical appliances, the neutral wire is always yellow with a longitudinal green stripe, and all wires are pre-wired into a connector - a terminal block. The neutral wire of the wiring is connected first: insert it into the neutral terminal and tighten the screw. Then the phase wires are connected. Pull the cap into place - the work is finished.

What if the wiring in the room consists of two wires? Or a grandfather’s chandelier, or an antique one, and you can’t see where the phase is and where the zero is?

In the first case, a small piece of wire of the same cross-section (see figure) is added to the phase wire (THE PLUGS - TURNED OFF!) and both sections of the light bulbs are switched on to one phase. The entire chandelier will be turned on with one switch.

Chandelier dial

If the wires in the chandelier are not marked, and there is no terminal block, then the chandelier needs to be ringed. This is done with a regular tester. CALLING A CHANDELIER A CONTROL BULB FROM A 220 V NETWORK IS DANGEROUS TO LIFE!

To check the ringing, we screw in the IDENTICAL sockets into all chandelier sockets, i.e. same power and brand, incandescent lamps; better low-power ones, 15-25 W. Economy bulbs are no good; dialing them won't do anything.

The chandelier diagram is shown in the figure. From it, a person familiar with electrical engineering or at least not forgetting Ohm’s law from school can see that if the resistance of one light bulb is equal to R, then between zero and ФI there will be R; between zero and FII - 0.5R, and between phases - 1.5R. To ring three wires in pairs, six measurements are needed.

"Special" chandeliers

Recently, chandeliers have appeared on sale, equipped with a remote control for adjusting the light, a fan, an air ionizer, or even an air conditioner (more precisely, its evaporation unit). When purchasing such products, you must adhere to the following rules:

• Immediately see how it connects. If, in addition to the usual terminal block for household wiring, there are some strange ends sticking out there, ask for instructions and read them.
• If the instructions do not clear how to hang such a chandelier yourself, ask whether installation is included in the price of the product, and what the seller’s guarantees are.
• If a retail outlet operates on the “sell and forget” principle, it’s better to look for the same thing elsewhere.

Chandeliers with additional functions– the products are quite specific; There are few companies or craftsmen involved in their installation, and “special” chandeliers are not cheap.

Emergency situations

How to properly hang a chandelier on the ceiling if there is no standard mount, or it is impossible to use it? To do this, you will have to stock up on tools for working on concrete, stone, wood, drywall, and work.

Low ceiling

The standard option is a chandelier-shade and fastening with a cross bar. What to do if the room is low, but you still don’t want to install a lampshade? In this case, you can gain 10-15 cm by hanging a chandelier with a rod on the ceiling without a hook.

To do this, the standard mounting strip is straightened, cut so that it is hidden under the cap, and new holes are drilled in it for self-tapping screws. Next, the chandelier needs to be slightly modified:

1. The shades and, if possible, all fragile parts are removed from the chandelier. It is better, if the design allows, to remove the rod immediately.
2. The chandelier wires are removed from the terminal block.
3. In the rod, immediately behind the thread, three holes of 4-5 mm are drilled in a row along the rod. You just need to make sure that they all end up under the hood.
4. Three pieces of fishing line are passed into the holes of the removed rod. Their ends are attached to the ends of the chandelier wires and tightly wrapped with narrow tape.
5. Place the rod in place, carefully sliding it over the wires and pulling up the pieces of fishing line until the ends of the wires come out of the holes. If one gets caught, it is corrected with a wire hook or tweezers.
6. If the rod is not removable, then pieces of fishing line are inserted into the holes one by one, starting from the bottom, and the wires are also brought out into them.
7. The wires are reinserted into the terminal block.

The purpose of this modification is to bring the wires out to the side so that they are not pressed against the ceiling and crushed by the edge of the rod. Attention: if the rod is fixed or shaped, the cap must remain on it. Otherwise, he won’t be able to get dressed later because of the wires sticking out to the side.

Next, a mounting strip is installed on the rod between two standard nuts, and the chandelier is attached to the ceiling with self-tapping screws. Most likely, nuts will not be needed: in most chandeliers, the strip is attached to the rod by flaring.

Connect the wires. It may turn out that the terminal block now does not fit in the cap - no problem, it is removed completely and the wires are connected by soldering; joints are insulated with electrical tape. It is not recommended to connect the wires by twisting: later there will be problems with the flashing chandelier.

Now we mount the chandelier to the ceiling using self-tapping screws. We do not wrap the screws tightly into the sleeves, otherwise the chandelier will become askew.

Option for weak but dense ceilings: laminate, MDF, plywood. Instead of a mounting strip, we make a circle with a diameter 5 mm smaller internal diameter cap In the center there is a hole for the rod; in a circle - 4-6 holes for self-tapping screws. You will also need to make a hole for the wires.

If you need a hook

Attaching a chandelier to a concrete ceiling on a strip or I-beam does not raise any questions. What if the chandelier you like has a hook, but you don’t have one at home? With a little work, you can install a very reliable hook yourself:

• If a hook-screw is used, then drill a hole in the ceiling with a diameter 10 mm larger than the diameter of the screw, and a depth along the thread length + 10 mm.
• Lubricate the hook thread thin layer grease (thick) lubricant.
• We tightly screw two copper wires with a diameter of 0.8 - 1.2 mm onto the screw threads. At the beginning and end of the thread, leave a 10 mm mustache and spread it 90 degrees. When viewed from the end of the screw, the whiskers should diverge perpendicularly in four directions.
• We spray the hole inside with a spray bottle, or with a stick we put a generously moistened cloth into it, hold it for 1-2 minutes and take it out.
• Prepare 50-100 g of alabaster or gypsum mortar; it is convenient to do this with disposable plastic cup. When mixed with water, the solution heats up. Mix to a creamy consistency.
• Using a stick (not a spatula) as quickly as possible (alabaster and plaster harden quickly), we pour the solution into the hole until it is full.
• Just as quickly, into the still liquid solution, we push the hook with the wire wound around the thread; the wire mustache will bend.
• We remove the squeezed out solution and wait for it to harden in the hole. The solution must not only harden, but also cool to room temperature. This requires at least 2 hours, but it is better to wait a day. Now the chandelier can be hung.

If the hook has a support platform for fastening with self-tapping screws, we make the sockets for them in the same way, but use thinner wire - 0.4-0.6 mm. And you will have to mix a separate portion of the solution for each nest - it very quickly hardens to a mushy state.

Such nests serve for centuries without drying out like plastic. When you turn the hook in/out 2-3 times, the nest does not become loose. If necessary, it can be easily cleared of filling with a narrow chisel and remade. When repairing a plaster-alabaster nest, you can plaster it, and then dig a hole in the plaster for the hook.

Chandelier in a suspended ceiling

Installing a chandelier on a suspended ceiling is the most difficult case. First of all: a chandelier with incandescent lamps and a suspended ceiling are incompatible. Even from a three-arm chandelier with 40 W lamps, spots will appear on the ceiling in a month, and within 3 months it will begin to creep. Economy bulbs in chandeliers recessed into the ceiling quickly burn out due to poor heat exchange; The only option here is LED lamps.

Then, installing a chandelier in an existing suspended ceiling is impossible: it will have to be removed and a new one installed. Trying to cut holes in already stretched ceiling It’s useless - the film or fabric will immediately fall apart.

And finally, before calling a ceiling craftsman, you need to prepare the chandelier mount. The standard chandelier mount is not designed for installation in suspended ceilings, therefore, if the chandelier is hung on a hook, it must be installed in the ceiling in advance.

To attach to planks or I-beams on the base ceiling, you need to attach a cushion made of waterproof BS plywood or MDF, at least 16 mm thick, to the brackets, as shown in the figure. A wooden or ordinary plywood cushion in the inter-ceiling space will soon dry out, and this will end in an accident.

Based on the installed pillow, the ceiling makers will take measurements and make holes in the panel, framed with grommets. Through them, the chandelier will be attached to the pillow with long fasteners, with a gap to the “game” of the ceiling. The wide holes are additionally supported by “spider” supports, but this is a subject for another discussion.

If you plan to recess the chandelier into a suspended ceiling, then it should hang in place during measurement. But still, a chandelier in a suspended ceiling is not the best option according to expenses. Only due to the uneven distribution of the load due to the presence of holes, such a ceiling is more likely to sag and lose its appearance than a solid one.

Chandelier on a plasterboard ceiling

Attaching a chandelier to a plasterboard ceiling is also not easy, but it is still easier than in a room in suspended ceiling. There are three possible cases here:

• The chandelier weighs up to 3 kg and is attached to a hook. In this case, you need a special butterfly hook. It consists of a specially designed plastic clip and a screw hook. A hole is drilled in the drywall under the butterfly clip, and the hook is screwed into the clip one or two turns. Then the clip is inserted all the way into the hole and the hook is turned until it stops. Interior The butterfly unfolds into petals, which fix the hook.
• Chandelier – up to 7 kg weight. In this case, only mounting on slats (cantilever) is permissible. A butterfly dowel is used for each attachment point; simply - a mole. In design, it is similar to the clip of a butterfly hook, and when a self-tapping screw is screwed into it, it opens to the sides inside the inter-ceiling space in the same way.
• Heavy chandelier. To hang it on a hook you will need one collet pin with a diameter of at least 12 mm; for mounting on a strip - at least two 8-10 mm each. To install a collet pin in the base ceiling, holes are drilled through the plasterboard along the diameter of the pin sleeve and the depth of its length. The pin is screwed a little into the sleeve, inserted through the hole in the drywall into the base ceiling until it stops, and again the pin is screwed in until it stops. The collet diverges and wedges itself in the base ceiling, and a threaded end remains on the outside, onto which you can screw a hook with a threaded socket, or several ends - on them you can put a pillow under the chandelier bracket.