Help on Tele2, tariffs, questions

As you know, a question is a request to receive information or perform an action. Every day we ask ourselves and others many different types of questions (Who am I? Why did I come into this world? Who is the nicest person in the world? How to learn English in a month?..). The questions are different, but formally they have one thing in common: common feature(or rather, a sign): at the end of every interrogative sentence there is always a question mark.

So, let's figure out what types of questions there are in English language.

Closed questions

Closed questions are those types of questions that require a “yes/no” or “true/false” answer.

For this type of question, English uses auxiliary verbs ( do/does, am/is/are, have/has). The auxiliary verb is placed at the beginning of the sentence. Thus, the predicate and subject change places.

Formation of questions in the Present Continuous

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There are five types of questions in English. Let's take a closer look at each of them together. Each of the five types of interrogative sentences has its own word order, which you need to remember in order to learn how to ask questions correctly.

1. Question to the subject

In a sentence of this type, we maintain direct word order, leaving all members of the sentence in their places. You just need to find the subject in the sentence and replace it with a suitable question word, i.e. a question to which the subject answers: either Who? -who?, or What? -What? A question to the subject does not require the use of an auxiliary verb in the present and past tense. You just need to remember that the verb-predicate in the present tense takes the third person singular form.

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What forced you to do this? – What forced you to do this?
What made you worry? -What made you worry?
Who works in this office? – Who works in this office?
Who traveled to the south? – Who traveled south?
Who likes swimming? – who likes to swim?

2. General question

In this case, the question is asked to the entire sentence, there is no question word in this case, and the answer is always unambiguous: either “yes” or “no.” Questions of this type are also known in English as “yes / no question”. To translate such a sentence from Russian into English, you need to remember the following word order: Auxiliary verb (depending on the number of the subject and what grammatical tense the sentence belongs to) – subject – predicate – minor members.

Do you often go shopping? – Yes, I do – Do you go shopping often? - Yes
Does she like studying? - No, she doesn’t - Does she like studying? - No
Is this film interesting? – yes, it is – is this film interesting? - Yes
Are you hungry? - no, I am not - are you hungry? - No

Notice how easy it is to pose a general question to English declarative sentences. You just need to find the subject, choose the appropriate auxiliary verb for it and put it at the beginning of the sentence.

We live in a comfortable flat – Do we live in a comfortable flat?
He studies at a college – Does he study at a college?
They usually come here - Do they usually come here?
This student is very prospective – is this student very prospective?
My favorite colors are red and white – are my favorite colors red and white?

3. Alternative question

This question can be asked to each member of the sentence and you need to follow the same word order as when asking a general question, but with one feature - the sentence implies a choice between two persons, objects, actions or qualities and requires the use of the conjunction “or”. Let's pose an alternative question to the following sentence: We finished cooking dinner at 2 o’clock - we finished cooking dinner at 2 o’clock.

Did we finish cooking dinner at 2 or 3 o’clock? – did we finish cooking dinner at 2 or 3 o’clock?
Did we finish cooking or eating dinner 2 o’clock? – Have we finished cooking or is there lunch at 2 o’clock?

4. Special question

A special question is asked to any member English sentences and requires the use of a question word, and the word order is also reversed: in the first place (When? What? Where?, etc.) - an auxiliary verb (depending on the number of the subject and what grammatical tense the sentence belongs to) - the subject – predicate – minor members.

When does your lesson begin? – When does your lesson start?
What are you doing here? - What are you doing here?
When did you buy this vase? – When did you buy this vase?

5. Dividing question

The presence of such a question in the English language allows you to unobtrusively ask about things of interest, and in addition express either doubt, surprise, or confirm what was said. A similar phrase is translated into Russian as “isn’t it? , is not it?". A similar question is divided into two parts: the first part is the sentence itself without changing the word order, the second part is a question consisting only of an auxiliary verb related to the grammatical tense of the sentence and a subject. If the sentence is affirmative, then the second part - the question - will be negative, and if the sentence is negative, then, on the contrary, the question will not contain a negation.

Your sister is a student, isn’t she? – your sister is a student, isn’t she?
You are not busy, are you? – you are not busy, are you?
He goes to bed very late, does not he? — he goes to bed very late, right?
She doesn’t eat meat, does she? – She doesn’t eat meat, does she?

Knowing the rules, you can easily correctly compose any interrogative sentence.

Every day we ask questions. For example, we often ask:

- How are you doing?

- What did you do yesterday?

-Who will go to the store?

-Are you going to the cafe or not?

Everyone who learns English must know how questions are formed, because without them you will not be able to communicate. In English there is 5 types of questions.

In the article I I will explain how they differ from each other, when they are used and how they are formed.

Special questions in English

The word “special” means “intended exclusively for something.” Accordingly, this question needed to find out specific information you are interested in. That’s why it’s called special, that is, you want to clarify special information.

For example

Where will you go on vacation?

We find out specific information - the place where the person will go.

How to construct a special question?

It is asked using the following question words:

• what - what,
• where - where,
• when - when,
• who - who,
• why - why,
• how (much/often/long) - how (many/often/long).

A special question is constructed according to the following scheme:

Question word + auxiliary verb + character + action being performed?

Examples

Step by step guide
>> How to ask specific questions.

Question to the subject in English

The subject names who or what the sentence is talking about.

In the survey, the subject is asked with the interrogative words who and what, which replace the character or thing being talked about in the sentence. For example

Who will pack your suitcase for you?

Consequently, we ask a question to the subject when we do not know who performed the action or has the attribute.

How to construct a question to the subject?

The peculiarity of this question will be the order of words in the sentence. In this type of question, the word order never changes and proceeds as in an affirmative sentence. The outline of such a proposal would be as follows:

Who + action?

For example, we have an affirmative sentence

They played tennis.
They played tennis.

We simply substitute the question word who instead of they

Who played tennis?
Who played tennis?

At the same time, we imagine that who/what is the singular person in question (he, she). Therefore, the sentence should be constructed as if in place of who/what costs he/she.

For example, we have a proposal

They were in the car.
They were in the car.

When asking a question, we forget about they and introduce he in its place, therefore, we replace were with was

Who were in the car?
Who was in the car?

Examples

Who likes to sing?
Who loves to sing?

What was in the box?
What was in the box?

Who is a doctor?
Who is the doctor?

Step by step guide:
>> How to construct a question to the subject? .

Alternative questions in English

True to its name, this question presupposes an alternative, that is, the right to choose. By asking it we give the interlocutor two options to choose from.

Example

Will you fly to England or Germany?

In such a matter there is always there is a conjunction or (or). The question itself is constructed as a general one, only at the end we add a choice clause using our or.

Scheme for constructing an alternative question:

Auxiliary verb + actor + action performed + ___ or ___?

Examples

Will they go to the park or to the cinema?
Will they go to the park or to the cinema?

Did you buy apples or pears?
Did you buy apples or pears?

Does he work or study?
Does he work or study?

Step by step guide:
>> How to construct an alternative question correctly.

Dividing questions in English

This type of question is also called a “tail question.” A question expresses doubt or desires confirmation of something.

For example

You've already packed your suitcase, haven't you?

It is divisive because consists of 2 parts, separated by commas.

The first part is constructed as an affirmative or negative sentence with the usual word order.

The second part (“tail”) looks like a short question. It consists of:

• auxiliary verb (depending on the tense used in the first part);
• character (I, you, he, she, they, it, we, you) used in the first part.

We translate such a “tail” into Russian as “isn’t it so” / “isn’t it true?”

1. If the first part of the sentence is affirmative, then the second part is negative.

Affirmative sentence + auxiliary verb + not (in shortened form) + character?

Examples

He called you yesterday, didn't he?
He called you yesterday, didn't he?

They play tennis every weekends, don't they?
They play tennis every weekend, don't they? Examples

So, we have looked at all five types of questions in English. Now let's move on to practice.

Reinforcement task

Make 5 types of questions from the following affirmative sentences:

1. He went to school yesterday.
2. She gave me a phone.
3. We will read this book.
4. They bought a car.
5. She doesn’t like to cook.

Leave your answers in the comments below the article.

A question that requires a "YES" or "NO" answer. In our case - “Do they go to Sochi every summer? - Yes. - No.”
In Russian, to ask this question, we simply change the intonation, but the word order remains the same.
In English, to ask a general question, you need to place the auxiliary verb first in the sentence.

So, let's look at our proposal and determine the time. Present Simple. The auxiliary verbs of this tense are “do” and “does”. For the pronoun "they" - "do".

We get: “Do they go to Sochi every summer?”
Answer: “Yes, they do” - “Yes.” "No, they don't" - "No."

Note! In English there are "strong verbs" that do not require an auxiliary verb. These are almost all modal verbs ("can", "may", "must", etc.) and the verb "to be" (or rather its forms).

2) Alternative question. Alternative Question

A matter of choice. I’ll show you with our example: “Do they or WE go to Sochi every summer?”, “Do they DRIVE or FLY to Sochi every summer?”, “Do they go to Sochi or Murmansk every summer?”, “They go to Sochi every SUMMER or WINTER?

Conclusion: we can set an alternative to each member of the sentence. In this case, we always use the conjunction “or” - “or”. Remember it!

Let's summarize... To ask an alternative question, we bring forward the auxiliary verb (as in the general question) and do not forget to ask an alternative to any member of the sentence using the conjunction "or".

We get: “Do we or they go to Sochi every summer?”
or: "Do they go to Sochi or Murmansk every summer?"

3) Dividing question. Tag-question

Question with a “tail”)) We translate the tail “Isn’t it?”
A dividing question is constructed using the following formula:

our sentence unchanged + comma + tail?

What kind of tail is this? It consists of 2 words: an auxiliary verb and a pronoun.

Let me explain with our example:
"They go to Sochi every summer."

First of all, it is necessary to accurately determine the time.. In our case - Present Simple.. auxiliary verbs "Do"/"Does".. "They" - "Do". Let's look at our sentence again and determine whether it is negative or affirmative.. Affirmative means our tail will be negative! If the sentence were negative, the auxiliary verb would become positive, i.e. without the negative particle "not".

We complete our sentence with the pronoun from the 1st part - “they”. Attention! If in the first part of the sentence the subject is a noun, replace it with a pronoun (for example, “a table” - “it”, “books” - “they”, “Mom” - “she”).

They go to Sochi every summer, don't they?
(They go to Sochi every summer, don't they?)

Note! If the role of subject and predicate is “I am”, in the tail we write “...., aren”t I?”

4) Special question. Special Question

A question in which the speaker requests specific information. (“Where do they go every summer?”, “Who goes to Sochi every summer?”, “When do they go to Sochi?”).

A special question is often called a "Wh-Question". This is due to the fact that almost all question words begin with the letter combination “Wh”.

For example:
what? - What? Which?
where? - Where? Where?
why? - Why?
which? - which?
who? - Who?
how? - How?
when? - When?

Special question formula:
Question words + general question?

"Where do they go to every summer?"
"When do they go to Sochi?"

Special question to the subject.
"Who goes to Sochi every summer?"

We will consider this type of special question separately, since it has a different structure:

Who/What + rewrite the sentence without a subject.

Attention!!! The most important thing is Who/what - 3rd person, singular! Do you remember that in the Present Simple in this case the ending “-s/-es” is added to the verb!

We get: "Who goes to Sochi every summer?"

One of the most difficult aspects of learning English is composing questions. This topic is considered during the study of the basics of the English language.

All English language questions can be divided into 4 groups:

• are common;
• special;
• dividing;
• alternative.

General questions

This type of question is aimed at obtaining a “yes” or “no” answer. General questions are written according to the English tense that needs to be used in a given question.

For example, a general question using the Present Simple:

• Do you swim every day? - Yes/No, I do/don’t.
• Will they dance at the party? - Yes/No, they will/won’t.

Note

The question and answer must contain the same modal verb.

Correct Use:

• Did he eat sandwiches yesterday? - Yes/No, he did/didn’t.

Incorrect spelling:

• Are they playing vulleyball? - Yes/No, they do/did/will. The answer must contain the word are.

The answer should not contain names. Pronouns are used instead:

• Does Anna work in hospital? - Yes/No, she does/doesn’t.

If a verb contains two or more words, one of them comes first:

• We have done the work. - Have they done the work?

Modal verbs are placed in first place, that is, before the subject:

• She can sing very well. - Can she sing very well?

Brief affirmative answers do not shorten:

• Incorrect: Yes, he’s.
• Correct: Yes, he is.

Special questions

Special questions begin with question words:

• who - who;
• what - what;
• where - where;
• why - why;
• when - when;
• how long - how long.

For example:

• When does the train arrive?
• How long does it take you to go to the bus stop?

In order to compose special questions in English, it is necessary to add a question word to the general question, which is put in first place. For example:

• General question: Do you go to the shop every day?
• Special question: When do you go to the shop? - I go every day/after work.

Every day is the answer to the question when, so this phrase is not written down.

Dividing questions (Tag - questions)

Creating a dividing question is quite simple. To do this, we add a corresponding short question to the narrative sentence. These questions are asked to obtain additional information.

For example:

• The weather is good, isn’t it?
• They didn’t buy a new car, did they?

Note

Questions of this type are constructed according to the type of attraction of opposites, that is, if the verb in a sentence is in the affirmative form, then the interrogative part must be in the negative. And vice versa. You should also remember that there cannot be two negative particles in one dividing question.

• Incorrect: Your father doesn’t work in the bank, doesn’t he? - there are two negatives in the sentence.
• Correct: Your father doesn’t work in the bank, does he?

Alternative questions

Alternative questions are posed to offer the opponent a choice between two options.

This type of question is built on the basis of general questions and in the second part repeated words are omitted. The connecting element is the word “or”.

For example:

• Do you like ice cream with banana or with orange?
• Will you buy a book or a copy-book?

to be and to have

The verbs to be and to have are studied separately.

If a sentence contains the verb to be in variational forms: am, is, are, was, were, then it itself forms a question. To do this, we put it before the subject:

• She is drinking coca-cula. - Is she drinking coca-cula?
• Anna was in the park. - Was Anna in the park?

If the sentence contains the verb to have, then the question is composed based on the following rules:

• British version: the verb comes first.
  • She has a pen. -Has she a pen.
• American version: To form a question, add the modal verb do.
  • She has a pen. - Does she have a pen?

Set phrases add a modal verb before the subject

• You have lunch at 11.45 a.m. - Do you have lunch at 11.45 a.m?