Zhiguli

Withdrawn at the Samara zonal experimental horticulture station. Received from crossing the varieties “Ternosliv Kuibyshevskaya” and “Renclad Bave”. Medium ripening period. Tree winter-hardy, medium-sized, with a spreading, raised crown. Beginning of fruiting for the 4th-5th year. Productivity 18-25 kg per tree. Fruit large (weight 35-40 g), round-oval in shape. Skin violet-blue. Pulp sour-sweet taste. Transportability is good. A variety for universal use. Approved for use in the Middle Volga region of Russia..

Golden early

Developed at the Saratov Horticulture Experimental Station. Received from sowing seeds of the Record variety from open pollination. Early ripening. Precocity is below average. Tree medium height, pyramidal crown, spreading, sparse. Tree s immobilized. The variety is partially self-fertile. Pollinators- domestic plum varieties. Productivity high, 28 kg per tree, regular. Fruit medium size (weight 26 g), elongated oval. Skin bright yellow with pink blush. Pulp golden-orange, tender, sweet. Bone separates well from the pulp. Transportability is good. A variety for universal use. The variety is undergoing state variety testing. Recommended for cultivation in the Central and Middle Volga regions.

Peaceful

Bred at the Samara Zonal Experimental Station for Horticulture. Received from crossing the varieties “Skorospelka red” and “Renclad Bave”. Early ripening. Removable maturity b comes in mid-August. Tree highly winter-hardy . Beginning of fruiting for the 5th-6th year. The yield is plentiful, up to 20 kg, regular. Fruit medium (weight 30 g), almost round . Peel t dark blue with a thick waxy coating. Pulp juicy, tender, yellow with a greenish tint, sweet and sour. Transportability is good. A variety for universal use. Approved for use in the Middle Volga and Lower Volga regions of Russia..

Nika

Bring out n at the Rossoshansky zonal fruit and berry experimental station. Received from crossing hybrid farms. Early ripening. Harvesting maturity occurs in the first or second decades of August. Tree s frost-resistant, medium-sized, with a rounded dense crown. The variety is self-fertile; Possible pollinators are “Zarechnaya early”, “Renklod Sovetsky”, “Skorospelka red”, “Skoroplodnaya”. Beginning of fruiting for the 5th year. Productivity up to 35 kg per tree. Fruit large (weight 40 g), oval. Skin black with a waxy coating . Pulp juicy, yellowish-green, sweet and sour. Transportability is good. Variety universal purpose. Approved for use in the Central Black Earth region of Russia..

Ochakovskaya yellow

An ancient variety of folk selection. Medium ripening period. Removable maturity comes at the beginning of September. Tree not winter-hardy enough, medium-sized, with a narrow-pyramidal or wide-pyramidal crown. The variety is self-sterile; the best pollinators are “Renklod collective farm”, “Renklod thorny”, “Winter red”, “Volzhsky damson”. Bad pollinator for other varieties. Beginning of fruiting for the 3-4th year. Productivity low, 6-10 kg per tree, irregular and characterized by extreme instability. Fruit medium (weight 20-30 g), round or teardrop-shaped, with a neck at the place where the stalk attaches to the fruit. Skin yellowish-green with a faint white waxy coating. Pulp tender, juicy, yellow-green, honey-sweet, with a slight spice, excellent taste. The stone is semi-relaxed. Transportability is low. Variety universal purpose. Distributed in the Central and Northwestern regions of Russia.

Memory of Timiryazev

Withdrawn in VSTISP. Received from crossing the varieties “Victoria” and “Skorospelka red”. Mid-late ripening. Removable maturity b begins in the first half of September. Tree Medium winter-hardy, vigorous, with a round, spreading crown. Fruiting begins in the 3rd-4th year. Productivity b tall, 20-30 kg per tree, regular. Fruit medium (weight 22 g), ovoid.Skin pinkish yellow. Pulp juicy, pale yellow, sourish-sweet, pleasant taste. Transportability is good. A variety for universal use. Approved for use in the Central and Middle Volga regions of Russia..

One of the first breeders who made an undeniable contribution to the breeding of the best varieties of plums, ideal for middle zone Russia, as well as expansion and updating of the assortment stone fruits was Evgeniy Petrovich Finaev, who conducted experiments at the Kuibyshev experimental station. He and his students zoned more than 20 forms of plums, including Zhiguli, Mirnaya, Indira, Volzhskaya large, Kuibyshevskaya blue. One of the varieties is even named after him.

The best varieties of plums: photos and descriptions

Zhiguli. The variety was obtained by Finaev E. II. from crossing the Kuibyshevskaya damson with Renclaude Bave. This plum variety is considered one of the best for the Moscow region, as it has increased winter hardiness and relative drought resistance. Trees begin to bear fruit 5-6 years after planting in the garden. Blooms late. Self-fertility is quite high, but still, in the presence of pollinators, yields are higher.

The fruits are large, blue-violet, round. The pulp is yellow-green, juicy, soft, sweet and sour, of good taste. The fruits ripen in mid-September. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and for all types of processing.

Peaceful. The variety was bred by E. P. Finaev from crossing Skorospelka red with Renclaude Bave. The variety is winter-hardy. The frost resistance of Mirnaya's flower buds is higher than that of Skorospelka red. Trees begin to bear fruit very early - in the 4-5th year after planting in the garden. Flowering early. The variety has sufficient self-fertility for fruit set. Harvests are regular, annual.

The fruits are covered with a thick light waxy coating and numerous subcutaneous points. The pulp of the fruit is yellow-green, soft, juicy, with an excellent sweet and sour dessert taste. The fruits ripen in mid-August.

Kuibyshev blue. Obtained by E. P. Finaev from crossing the Kuibyshevskaya damson with Renclaude Bave. The tree is small, medium size up to 3 m. The crown is oval-spherical, of medium density. Fruiting on 2 - 3 year old branches. Winter hardiness is high, drought resistance is average. Trees begin to bear fruit 5-6 years after planting in the garden. Blooms in mid-season. The variety is quite self-fertile. However, with the presence of pollinators, the yield increases. Productivity is high. The fruits are medium-sized, oval-round, dark blue, beautiful. The pulp is yellow-green, juicy, soft, sweet and sour, of good taste. The fruits are covered with a waxy coating. They ripen in medium terms and do not fall off. They are suitable for both fresh consumption and all types of processing.

Look at the photos of plum varieties described above:

What other varieties of plums can be grown in the middle zone?

Memory of Finaev. Obtained by E. P. Finaev from crossing the Kuibyshevskaya damson with Renclaude Bave. The trees are small - up to 2.5 m. The crown is spreading and sparse. Fruiting on 2-3 year old branches. Winter hardiness is very high, the buds are also frost-resistant. Trees recover quickly after damage. They begin to bear fruit 5-6 years after planting in the garden. Flowering in medium terms. The variety is highly self-fertile.

The fruits are medium-sized, round, dark blue, beautiful. The fruits are covered with a thick waxy coating. The pulp is yellow-green, soft, juicy, with a good sweet and sour taste. This variety of plums is considered one of the best for central Russia; its fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and for all types of processing.

Eurasia-21. The variety was obtained by Venyaminov A.N. from sowing seeds of the Chinese-American plum Lacrescent from natural pollination. The tree is vigorous, 3-4 m tall. It has highly winter-hardy wood and buds. Self-sterile. The yield is high - 25-28 kg per tree. The fruits are large (30-35 g), dark burgundy, early ripening. The pulp is juicy and has good taste. A variety for universal use.

Volzhskaya is large. The variety was obtained by E.P. Finaev from crossing the Mirnaya variety with Raduga and Volga Beauty. The tree is vigorous. Winter hardiness of trees is average. Self-fertility is quite high. The yield is high - 25 - 30 kg per tree. This one of the best varieties of plums for the middle zone has very large, oval, blue-violet, beautiful fruits, covered with a waxy coating. The pulp is juicy, with a very high sweet and sour taste. A variety for universal use.

Indira. The variety was obtained by E. P. Finaev from sowing seeds of the open-pollinated variety Renklod blue. The tree is tall, the crown is oval, fruiting occurs on perennial and annual wood. Winter hardiness is average. Recovers quickly after harsh winters. It begins to bear fruit in the 4th-5th year after planting in the garden. Productivity 18-25 kg per tree. The fruits are very large, blue-blue, covered with a thick waxy coating, round, yellow flesh, juicy, soft, good pleasant taste. The fruits are consumed fresh. Early ripening variety.

Plum: the best varieties

60 good varieties plums

Despite the widespread use of plums in amateur gardening, its assortment is extremely poor. Mainly Red early ripening and its derivatives. And Volga beauty, Smolinka, Tula black, Renklod Sovetsky, Eurasia 21, Ochakovskaya yellow. These varieties have been grown and sold in nurseries for many years. But they all have significant drawbacks.

WITH red korospelka produces small fruits with a very mediocre taste (3.7-3.8 points). The Volga beauty freezes a lot and is very sensitive to soil moisture. And Smolinki The berries fall off very quickly. In addition, these plums have another unpleasant property- frequency of fruiting. Good harvests can only be obtained once every three to four years.

Meanwhile, hundreds of very good varieties are cultivated in Russia. But information about them, unfortunately, is extremely scarce. We tested about 400 varieties using dowsing. We test the best of them, and there are more than 60 of them, in practice.

Plum varieties - from super early to very late

Based on ripening time, we divide all varieties into five groups. Super early- These are the ones that bear fruit in July. The early ones ripen from August 1 to 10. Mid-season varieties yield their harvest from August 10 to August 25. Late-ripening ones delight us with berries from August 25 to September 10. And finally, very late ripening ones ripen from September 10th. Let's talk briefly about the varieties of each of these groups.

Super early plum varieties

July . It is distinguished by large (up to 50 g) red fruits with purple tint. They have very sweet dark yellow flesh.

Golden ball. It is not for nothing that this variety received such a name. Golden-yellow round berries with a peach flavor ripen on the tree. They cluster tightly around the trunk, almost like sea buckthorn. Nevertheless, they ripen quite large (average weight- about 40 g, and the maximum- up to 60 g). The downside is a slight sourness at the seed. The golden ball is early-bearing and begins to bear fruit in the third year after planting. Productivity is very high.

The elite seedling 85-80 with red-burgundy round-heart-shaped fruits performed well. Berry weight- up to 40-45 g, the pulp is sweet.

Zarechnaya early. The variety is winter-hardy, productive, and the seed is easily separated from the pulp. The fruits are large (35-45 g), oval in shape, dark purple in color.

Nadezhda (9-76-2). The tree is small and compact. The fruits are medium in size and weight (about 30 g), blue, elongated.

Early plum varieties

Alyonushka. This wonderful variety is already deservedly popular among gardeners. It is distinguished by increased frost resistance of flower buds. The berries are round, red, weigh about 40 g. The pulp is sweet and spicy.

Precocious. Also a well-known variety. It is winter-hardy, and, as the name suggests, it is very precocious. Sometimes trees begin to please us with a harvest already in the second year after planting. The fruits are large (up to 40 g) and have excellent taste.

Kyrgyz is excellent. Excellent variety, deserves the widest distribution. It is quite winter-hardy and the yield is high. The fruits are very large (from 60 to 100 g), dark red in color, and sweet.

Ball. This is one of the best varieties. The tree is medium-sized, compact, productive and frost-resistant. The fruits are round, red at the beginning of ripening, and at the end- burgundy and blue. Weigh up to 50 g, excellent taste. The stone is small and easily separated from the pulp.

Mid-season plum varieties

Souvenir of the East. The variety is very productive, but, unfortunately, not winter-hardy enough. Although, grafted into the crown of a blackthorn, it feels good. The berries are large (50-60 g), dark burgundy, heart-shaped. The pulp is dense, sweet, tastes like honey and spice.

Memory of Vavilov. The tree is medium-sized, quite winter-hardy. Productivity is high. The fruits are very large (70-90 g), amber in color, and have excellent taste.

Romain. A very unusual variety. The leaves are red, and the flesh of the fruit is also red. This is a pretty seedling famous variety Red meat. However, different from the parent small in size crowns and smaller (30-35 g) berries. They burgundy color, heart-shaped, with almond flavor.

Duce. And also Duce, Dugas, all three names appear in literature. The variety is distinguished by green-yellow fruits weighing 30-35 g with “beaks” at the end.

In the variety The beauty of Oryol region berries also with beaks. But they are red and round. Weight- 40-45 g, sweet flesh.

Late ripening plum varieties

Zhiguli. It is characterized by dark burgundy fruits weighing 40-45 g. The pulp is dense, of good taste.

Seaside abundant. The variety is quite winter-hardy and very productive. Medium sized tree. The berries are elongated, burgundy, heart-shaped, weight- 30-45 g.

Svetlana. A tree with yellow crispy fruits weighing 30-40 g. Productivity and frost resistance are high.

About the variety Red meat we have already mentioned. The fruits of this plum are dark red and large (up to 60 g). The pulp is red, with an almond flavor.

Renklod Altana. This is an old variety, but cannot be discounted. He is still one of the best late varieties plums The fruits are large (up to 50 g), beautiful, amber-violet in color with a reddish-blue waxy coating, good taste.

Very late ripening plum varieties

Unfortunately, there are still too few such varieties. And those that do exist suffer from small fruits, and their berries are far from having the best taste. Perhaps the only variety we could recommend- Canadian vision. It is winter-hardy and highly productive. The fruits are large (50-70 g), burgundy-violet in color. The pulp is juicy and has excellent taste. The bone separates well.

Khabarovsk will not freeze

IN Lately The gaze of many gardeners is increasingly directed to the East. And not because it’s nice and warm there. Far East and Khabarovsk has never spoiled its residents with good weather. But it was there that varieties of plums were bred, characterized by high winter hardiness and the ability to easily tolerate stressful situations. Even if they are sometimes not large enough, they are always tasty and always productive. Khabarovsk varieties have long been known to our gardeners. Especially people like Khabarovsk early, Pineapple, Amur rose. Many good varieties were bred at the Primorsky Experimental Station by breeder Lyudmila Gennadievna Setkova. These are varieties already loved by gardeners Lyudmila, Antonina, Svetlana, Nut, Krasnomyasaya, Kryzhovnikovaya. Less common are Effect, Nadezhda, Primorskaya plentiful, and Sharovaya. All varieties of Khabarovsk and Far Eastern selection feel great in our region and deserve attention.

IN last years American and Canadian varieties. Moreover, if American women (such as Waneta, Duce ) are not frost-resistant enough, then Canadian plums are quite suitable for our area. Well proven Pembina, Vision, Stanley.

Green vases

The vast majority of the varieties we describe are propagated exclusively by grafting. It is best to use winter-hardy forms of sloe as rootstocks. This plant is characterized by low growth, excellent compatibility with many varieties of plums, great winter hardiness and unpretentiousness. For frost-resistant plums, sloe is used as a standard former. In this case, grafting is carried out at a height of 50-60 cm. For non-frost-resistant plants, it is used as a skeleton former. Graft into skeletal branches, but not closer than 30 cm from the trunk.

It is best to form the plum crown in the shape of a vase. We remove the central conductor, leaving 5-6 lower branches. With this forming method it is easier to maintain the height of the tree at the required level (about 3 m). In addition, conditions are created for better illumination of the crown, which naturally affects the size, yield and taste of the fruit. The rest of the agricultural technology is ordinary; we have no special secrets. Large-fruited varieties requires a lot of potassium. Therefore, we spray trees with potassium humate 3 times. Pre-winter watering is also necessary, but for some reason many gardeners forget about this.

If you have any questions, write to the address: 603062, Nizhny Novgorod-62, PO Box 97, Yuri Petrovich Kriulev.

V. V. Lunev, Yu. P. Kriulev

29.03.2002

Plum: promising varieties

World production of plum fruits is about 4 million tons, which is 2 times more production fruits of cherries and sweet cherries combined. And this is no coincidence, since the nutritional, preventive and medicinal value of plums is very high.

Plum fruits contain about 12% sugars, 1% pectin, 1.5% organic acids and 18% dry substances, and in terms of the content of carotene, nicotinic acid, riboflavin, thiamine and other biologically active substances, they are superior to the fruits of strawberries, cherries, sweet cherries and apple trees. .

Plums are used to make jam, marmalade, compotes, marinades, liqueurs, juices, confectionery, etc. Dried plums are of particular value.- prunes, which are stored well and for a long time and are an excellent preventive and therapeutic remedy for atherosclerosis, hypertension, kidney diseases, gastrointestinal system and many others. Prunes are essential for improving brain activity and especially memory.

Plum is a less winter-hardy and more heat-loving crop than cherry, pear and apple trees, so you need to choose more favorable places for planting it. IN Central region In Russia it is better to plant it in the middle part of the south-eastern or southern slope (up to 1-2°), well lit, especially in morning hours. Good place for plums- near the south side of the house, a fence or specially made shields covered with white paint, which will improve the lighting and thermal conditions of the trees, and also protect them from cold northern winds.

The soil of the garden should be highly fertile (humus at least 3%), warm, light (sandy or loamy), almost neutral (pH 6-7) and, most importantly, with subsoil deeply permeable to air and water, as well as low (at least 3 m) occurrence of groundwater.

The scheme for planting seedlings is 5 x 3 m. But before you start planting, you need to decide which variety to choose for cultivation. And this is where scientists come to the rescue.

In the Michurinsky garden of the TSHA in 1971-2007, 65 varieties of plums were studied: Alyonushka, Pineapple, Artistic, Bogatyrskaya, Hungarian Moscow, Volga Beauty, Harmony, Dashenka, Dessert Red, Eurasia-21, Eurasia-4Z, Eurasia Harvest Susova M2, Yellow Khopty, Zarechnaya Early, Candy, Cooperative, Red Ball, Kromal, Large , Malakhovskaya dessert, Mashenka, Peaceful, Narach, Okskaya, Opal, Opata, Ochakovskaya yellow, Memory of Timiryazev, Memory of Finaev, Peresvet, Excellent, Basement, Riverside, Early yellow, Record, Renklod Enikeeva, Renklod collective farm, Renklod Kuibyshevsky, Renklod Liya, Soviet renklod, Tambov renklod, Kharitonova's renklod, Sister of the Dawn, Markov's Plum, Bluebird, Skoroplodnaya, Red ripening, New ripening, Smolinka, Start, Stanley, Souvenir of the East, Kuibyshev damson plum M 6, Tula black, Morning, Violet, Sorceress, Chemal , Prunes Susova, Edinburgh, ELSE-R (Enikeeva-Rozina), Emma, ​​Etude, Egg blue, M 44-91.

Purpose of the study- study of the main economic and biological characteristics of varieties: winter hardiness, early fruiting, yield, disease resistance, as well as ripening time, taste, size and color of fruits. Signs were assessed using a 5-point system. The color of the fruits was indicated by the letters: F- yellow, K- red, C- blue, T- dark, F- purple, H- black. The table shows data characterizing the 12 best varieties.

Variety table homemade plum. Points

From the table data it follows:

The best varieties: from the early ones- Cooperative , from the average - Mashenka , from the later- Bogatyrskaya ;

Most winter-hardy varieties: Mashenka, ELSE-R and Dashenka;

The most productive varieties: Skoroplodnaya, Mashenka, Bogatyrskaya, Skorospelka new;

The varieties that are most resistant to diseases (moniliosis and clasterosporium blight) are: Cooperative and Bogatyrskaya;

The most delicious fruits of the varieties: Candy, Cooperative, Alyonushka, Mashenka, Renklod Kharitonova, Bogatyrskaya;

Most large fruits in varieties: Stanley, Alyonushka, Mashenka, Dashenka.

According to the sum of points for economic and biological characteristics, the variety is the best Mashenka , which is also distinguished by its extraordinary early ripening: it begins to bear fruit from the third year after planting and very quickly increases the yield on young trees.

It should be noted that the Chinese plum varieties Alyonushka and Skoroplodnaya mutually pollinate well, so they need to be planted close to each other, since they are not pollinated by other varieties of domestic plums and do not themselves pollinate them. Varieties Alyonushka And Precocious are highly frost-resistant, but not particularly winter-hardy, as they suffer from warming of the bark of the base of the trunk during rainy autumn weather and warm, snowy winters. Therefore, it is advisable to grow them on standard and skeleton-forming soils and plant them not in landing hole, and to the flowerbed. This is especially important if the garden is located in a low, damp place with a close groundwater level.

The variety also deserves attention Memory of Finaev , not included in the table. It has such features as extreme early fruitfulness and productivity, its fruits have an excellent taste, but, unfortunately, in rainy and cold weather it is severely affected by moniliosis and clasterosporiasis. It can only be recommended to those gardeners whose plots are located in dry, sunny and hot places.

V. Susov , Honored Agronomist of Russia

Plum Zhiguli

Removed by E.P. Finaev and P.P. Ivanov at the Kuibyshev Experimental Station for Horticulture from crossing the varieties of Ternosliv Kuibyshevskaya with Renclaude Bave. Entered into the State Register in 1987 for the Middle Volga region.

Tree vigorous, fast growing. The crown is oval-round, of medium density. The variety bears fruit mainly on bouquet branches. The bark on the trunk and main branches is smooth, gray-green. The shoots are thick, straight, red-brown, glabrous. There are a lot of lentils, medium, white.

Leaves large, wide, round, short-pointed, dark green, wrinkled, matte. The leaf blade is concave (boat-shaped) downwards, the apex of the leaf is sharply pointed; the base is rounded, there is no pubescence. The edge of the leaf is doubly crenate. Stipules are medium-sized, early falling. The petiole is medium, thick, pigmented. Inflorescence - double, triple, pink-shaped, large, white flowers.

Fruit large, more or less one-dimensional, with an average weight of 31.1 g. The shape of the fruit is round. The apex of the fruit is rounded, depressed from the sides. The base of the fruit has a depression, the fossa is medium and wide. The abdominal suture is small and inconspicuous. The peduncle is medium in length and thickness; ease of separation from the branch is good; attachment to the bone is not strong. Fruit color: main green, cover blue, solid. There are few subcutaneous points, white, clearly visible. The skin is medium, bare, with a medium waxy coating, and is difficult to remove from the fruit.

Pulp yellow-green, tender, juicy, the color of the cavity is the same color as the pulp. The juice is colorless. The taste is sweet and sour. The stone is separated from the pulp well, medium, ovoid, pointed at the top and bottom, in the pits. The assessment of the taste of fresh fruits is 4.0 points. Appearance attractive - 4.0 points.

Dry substances in fruits contain 15.5%, sugars - 8.49%, acids - 2.46%, ascorbic acid - 4.12 mg/100g. A variety for universal use. Suitable for making jam and compotes. Flowering May 10-19.

Ripening period late fruit. Fruit harvesting dates are August 27 - September 3. The fruits are marketable and transportable. Picked 5-6 days before ripeness, they can be stored for two weeks.

At the time of fruiting trees mature at 5-6 years. Productivity is high. At the age of 6-8 years, trees produce up to 15-20 kg per tree; at the age of 9-12 years the harvest is 25-40 kg, and most healthy trees produce a fruit yield of up to 70 kg. Fruiting is annual. The fruits are firmly attached to the tree. Fruit shedding is observed only when overripe.

Variety highly self-fertile. The best pollinators: Red sapling, Kuibyshev damson, Mirnaya. Trees of the variety are winter-hardy. In the winter of 1968/69. freezing was 1.2 points in the winter of 1978/79. - by 3.3 points. Younger trees had freezing of about 2 points. The variety is drought-resistant. Moniliosis affects 0.1-0.2%. It is subject to little gum treatment. Fruits are affected by the plum moth by 0.3-0.5%. In some years, plum pollinated aphids are moderately affected.

Variety requires elevated, well-lit locations, light to medium soils mechanical composition. Responds well to watering, organic and mineral fertilizers while giving high yields quality fruits. At a young age, it is necessary to carry out formative pruning; during the period of full fruiting - anti-aging pruning.

Advantages of the variety: high winter hardiness of wood and flower buds; annual yield; large fruits of excellent quality.

Disadvantages of the variety: partial crumbling and cracking of fruits.

Volga beauty is an early ripening variety of domestic plum (Prunus domestica). Bred in 1939 at the Samara zonal experimental station for horticulture “Zhiguli Gardens” through crossing Skorospelka red with Renclaude Beauvais. Authorship belongs to E.P. Finaev.

In 1955, the variety was sent for state testing. In 1965, it was included in the state register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation in the Central (Tula region), Nizhnevolzhsky ( Saratov region) and Middle Volga (Republic of Mordovia) regions.

The trees are vigorous, fast growing, with a raised spherical crown medium thickness. Bark on the trunk and main branches with smooth surface, gray color. The shoots are thick, straight, pubescent. Lentils are white, few in number. The leaves are large, wide, ovoid, with a rounded base, short-pointed, the edge is framed by serrate-crenenate serrations. The leaf blade is light green, matte, wrinkled, flat in shape, with a sharp transition to the nose, the degree of pubescence is medium. The petioles are thick, middle length, pigmented. Stipules are medium-sized, weakly dissected, and fall early. The glands are of medium size, 2 in number, colored on the petiole or at the base of the plate.

Inflorescences 2 - 3-flowered. The flowers themselves are large and white in color. Fruiting is concentrated on bouquet branches.

The fruits of the Volga beauty plum are large (average weight 34 g, maximum - 50 g), one-dimensional, oval-round in shape, slightly narrowed towards the base; apex - rounded, slightly depressed; the base is with a depression, the hole is of medium depth and width. The color of the fruit is solid, blurred, red-violet. The skin is medium thick, smooth, covered with a thick waxy coating, and is easily separated from the pulp. The number of subcutaneous points is average; they are clearly defined, colored White color. The abdominal suture is clearly visible and has medium depth. The stalks are thick, of medium length, are separated from the branches well, and are not firmly attached to the seeds. The seeds are medium in size, oval in shape, the top and base are pointed, the surface is pitted, the separation from the pulp is good.

The pulp is yellow-orange in color, fibrous consistency, tender, juicy; taste - dessert, sour-sweet. The color of the cavity is the same color as the pulp. The juice is colorless. Tasting taste score: 4.5 points. Visual appeal fruits - 4.8 points. According to the biochemical composition, the fruits contain: dry matter (22%), total sugars (10.35%), acids (1.95%), ascorbic acid (11.78 mg/100 g).

Dessert variety. Also suitable for technical processing.

Flowering takes place from May 10 to May 20. The fruits ripen early. Plums reach ripeness from August 10 to August 25. The general consumer period runs from August 10 to September 5. The level of fruit transportability is average. Early fruiting is average: trees begin to bear fruit in the 4th - 5th year. Harvests are high and annual. From 6 - 8 year old trees, an average of 8 - 10 kg of fruit is harvested, and at the age of 9 - 12 years, trees already produce 12 - 25 kg of fruit. The strength of fruit attachment is good (higher than that of the red ripening plant).

The level of winter hardiness of the trees is above average and is not inferior to the Skorospelka red variety. The winter hardiness of flower buds is lower than that of Skorospelka red. In the conditions of the Middle Volga region, flower buds of Volga beauty trees often died, which led to a reduction in yield. Accordingly, high yields are possible only in favorable years. The degree of freezing is average: for 5 - 8 year old trees - 0.4 points, for 15 - 16 year old trees - 1 point.

Drought resistance is quite high (trees do not suffer in dry years). Resistance to pests is average. Gum discharge is rare. The infestation of fruits by gray rot is also observed rarely, and mainly when they are damaged by cherry elephant moth and plum moth. The latter's susceptibility is weak (0.5 - 1%).

This plum is highly self-fertile. Among its best pollinators are the following varieties: Zhiguli, Mirnaya, Skorospelka red, Ternosliva Kuibyshevskaya.

The main method of propagation of the Volga beauty is grafting onto seedling rootstocks of Hungarian Oktyabrskaya, Skorospelka red, and Ternosliv Kuibyshevskaya. It also propagates well from green cuttings (up to 40%). The variety can be formed using a tiered or sparsely tiered system, in a low- or semi-standard form. Trees tolerate pruning well. With timely watering and fertilization, the yield increases significantly and the quality of the fruit improves. Ideal place for planting - well-protected and illuminated flat locations or light slopes. The most suitable soils: light or medium loamy chernozems, marly clay, moderately moist areas.

The main advantages of this plum include: large beautiful fruits with excellent dessert taste, high annual yield, good performance winter hardiness and early fruiting.

Among the main disadvantages: large size trees (inconvenient to harvest), not enough high level winter hardiness of flower buds, tendency of fruits to crack in wet years.