Biology lesson "the diversity of insects, their role in nature and practical significance." Biology lesson "the diversity of insects, their role in nature and practical significance" Lesson the importance of insects in nature

“The diversity and importance of insects”

Target: introduce students to the diversity of insects, their role in nature and human life; introduce rare and endangered species.
Lesson type: learning new material.

Lesson Objectives:

Educational:

- Introduce students to the diversity of the Insects class

Show their significance in human life and in natural communities

Improve the ability to recognize in pictures, tables

Explain the structural features and vital functions of the class Insects.

Activate cognitive activity students.

Developmental:

Continue to create conditions for the development of intellectual skills (analyze, highlight the main points, generalize),

Continue to develop students’ speech culture, student initiative and the ability to work independently and in pairs;

Improve skills in working with additional literature when doing homework

Continue to promote the formation of the skills to justify your answer, empathize, and respond emotionally to what is happening.

Educational:

Contribute to the formation of worldview ideas about

integrity of the world

Create conditions for developing communication skills;

Draw children's attention to environmental problems.

To form an environmental culture among students.

Foster a sense of pride in your region.

Methods:
a) verbal – conversation based on students’ knowledge, messages from seventh-graders;
b) visual – demonstration of tables, slides, visual aids, collections of insects, additional literature;
c) technical – use of ICT;

Teacher's methods of activity

Heuristic conversation using students' knowledge; organization of work with text and pictures of the textbook, additional sources of information; organization of creative tasks that evoke an emotional response: organization of work with an interactive whiteboard.

Planned results

Students understand that insects are well adapted to living conditions, which is why they are so diverse; trace their role in nature and human life.

Personal significance of what is being studied for the student

Honey is healthy (although some people are allergic to it), and bee stings are dangerous (although they are used in medicinal purposes).

Lesson equipment

Tables with images of insects of different orders, collectible specimens of insects, drawings, drawings in the textbook, postcards, additional literature - books and magazines, cards for testing knowledge and skills, sheets for independent work, computer, computer presentation of the teacher with musical accompaniment.

Organization of student activities

Discuss the reasons for the diversity of insects using personal experience; trace their role in nature and human life; suggest ways to combat agricultural pests and disease vectors; perform creative tasks.

Development of student skills

Use existing knowledge and experience practical activities, work with additional sources, distinguish and choose the style of speech and writing, respond emotionally to the material being studied.

Basic concepts of the lesson

Primary wingless, winged insects, polymorphism, relative nature of adaptability to living conditions, cycle of substances in nature, Colorado potato beetle.

Lesson type: using multimedia.

Information sources

Basic : Basic textbook “Diversity of living organisms” author Zakharov V.B., Sonin N.I., Moscow “Bustard” 2012

With. With. 165 – 169; cards, computer presentation of the teacher.

Additional : Internet links

1. http: //www/ floranima.ru/classes/2703.html (Insects. general characteristics. Classification)

2. http: //zooex.baikal.ru/insecta.htm (Insects. General characteristics. Role in human life)

Homework

Textbook, p. 165 – 169, table, conclusion, prepare a creative report on the lesson.

http: //zooex.baikal.ru/insecta.htm (Insects. General characteristics. Role in human life)

Lesson grades

Everyone is given marks for working in pairs and working at the board; at the discretion of the teacher.

DURING THE CLASSES

Organizing time

Teacher : Hello guys! My name is Natalya Alexandrovna. Today's lesson will be taught by me.

Look at each other and smile. Now smile at me. And so we begin.

Clarifying the purpose and objectives of the lesson

In the 5th book of the series “The World of Animals” by Igor Ivanovich Akimushkin there are the words: “Summer comes, and they fill our forests, gardens, fields, even deserts in great abundance. How many are there on the planet? Where is the all-powerful computer that can express this population of the Earth in numbers? It is believed that there are ten of them on Earth to the eighteenth power (!) That’s a billion billion! More than stars in our Galaxy! Who are these lines written about?

Listen to the melody and answer the question: What did it remind you of?

Sounds“Flight of the Bumblebee” is a small scene from the opera “The Tale of Tsar Saltan”, written by Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov in 1899-1900 (Music sounds)

Student answers

What will we talk about in class? ( About insects)

Who can name the topic of the lesson? (Variety of insects)

Who will name the purpose of the lesson? (Explore the diversity of insects)

Who will name the objectives of the lesson? (Get to know the main orders of insects. Find out the importance of insects in nature and in human life)

Learning new material.

How many insects are there on the planet? ? ( A lot of)

There are believed to be from 2 to 5 million on Earth; for comparison, there are about 9 thousand species of birds, more than 4 thousand species of animals.

Summer is coming and they will fill our forests, gardens, fields and reservoirs in great abundance. Insects appeared on Earth during the Paleozoic era about 300 million years ago. Wherever you can find insects! They also live at great heights. Insects are also found in completely waterless deserts, where it never rains and there are no plants. Insects live in conditions of eternal darkness, in caves where they hardly enter organic matter. Surprisingly, insects can rise to the upper layers of the atmosphere. Some insects have adapted to life in plant tissues and in the bodies of animals. Others switched to life in the water.

WHY ARE INSECTS SO WIDE AND THROOMING? Appendix No. 1

Yes, because they are characterized by a huge variety of forms and unusual fertility.

1. The combination of strength and lightness of the outer chitinous cover;

2. Ability to fly and move around various surfaces;

3. Possibility of using a wide variety of foods;

4. The ability to carry out complex instinctive actions;

5. Possibility of filling habitats inaccessible to other animals;

6. Complication of many body systems (trachea, oral apparatus)

Among them are our friends and worst enemies, but we must take them into account, study their characteristics, needs and way of life. Songs, fairy tales, proverbs, and poems were written about insects.

Book exhibition

Monuments to insects .

It is this great diversity that we will have to sort out today. The entire class of insects is divided into 2 groups. Appendix No. 2

Teacher's conversation about orders of insects.

Slide show.

Work in pairs.

Working from the textbook .

We have looked at as many classes and their representatives as possible.

Many insects are listed in the Red Book of the Vologda Region:

Dragonflies – 2nd species

Homoptera – 1

Reticulata – 1

Caddis flies – 1

Diptera – 2

Hymenoptera – 6

Beetles – 1 5

Butterflies - 28(Mnemosyne, Meadowsweet, Marigold, Antlion)

V . Primary consolidation of new material.

Distribution of insect orders

1. Ladybug ■ + 8. Horsefly ○ -

2. Stag Beetle ■ 9. Bee ◊ +

3. Grasshopper + 10. Colorado potato beetle ■ -

4. Ant ◊ + 11. Housefly ○ -

5. Wasp ◊ + 12. Gadfly ○ -

6. Locust - 13. Cricket +

7. Silkworm □ + 14. Bumblebee ◊ +

15. White butterfly □ -

You should mark with icons the insects that relate to:

1. Hymenoptera - ◊

2. Diptera - ○

3. Lepidoptera - □

4. Coleoptera - ■

Pros and cons to note:

1. Beneficial insects+ 2. Harmful insects -

Work on desks, on the board “Distribute the insects into groups”

Orthoptera Chafer

Homoptera fly

Coleoptera locust

Lepidoptera aphids

Diptera bee

Hymenoptera urticaria

On the stand are paintings and drawings:

Butterfly on a flower.

Chafer.

Clover and bumblebee.

Anthill.

Butterfly Apollo.

Grasshopper.

Terms on the magnetic board:

Red Book.

Gnawing mouthparts.

Order Orthoptera.
Social insects.
Pollination.

Types of insects.

Flying. Dragonflies, flies, butterflies.

Running. Cockroaches, lice.

Floating. Swimming beetle, dragonfly larvae,

Burrowing. Mole cricket, Termites, May beetle.

Task “Guess the name of the insect and the squad”

Hives, Butterflies;

Ladybug, Beetles;

Scutellum, Bugs;

Swallowtail, Butterflies;

Swimming beetle, Beetles;

Silkworm, Butterflies;

Rhinoceros Beetle, Beetles;

Mosquito, Diptera;

Wasp, Hymenoptera;

Earwig, Earwigs;

Task: Attention! Black box! : The box contains a product of insect activity that has bactericidal properties. Its use is still in Ancient Egypt. The body of Alexander the Great, who died during a campaign in the Middle East, was transported for burial to the capital of Macedonia immersed in this product. Guess what's in the black box! (Natural honey)

Now let’s remember once again and list the importance of insects in nature.

First let's listen to the poem.

Why are insects needed in nature?
We must tell you about this now.
They serve as food for birds and animals
Lizards, amphibians, even spiders.
Insects can also pollinate flowers,
So that fruits can then form from the flowers.
And for humanity, for many years in a row
Silk threads are supplied by silkworms.
Butterflies are the beauty of our nature. They contain love and a fairy tale, happiness and dreams.

Assignment: fill out the table “The importance of insects in nature.”

"The importance of insects in nature"

Pollinators of flowering plants

(In Russia, about 30% of plants are flowering).

2. Soil formers (Terms and ants).

3. Take part in the cycle of substances.

4. They are part of various food chains.

5. Knowledge of food chains allows them to be used to combat other insects - agricultural pests.

1. Many insect larvae (caterpillars), such as butterfly caterpillars, feed on living plant tissue, causing significant harm to them.

3. Many insects are carriers dangerous diseases(mosquitoes, fleas, lice

Work in pairs using cards

Peer review

Conclusion: Insects are well adapted to living conditions, therefore they are diverse. Their role in nature is both positive and negative.

Why study this topic? ? (Students' answers.)

Where can this be useful to you in life? ? (Students' answers.)

What excited you most about the lesson? ? (Students' answers.)

First aid for bee and wasp stings

1.Remove the tip.

2.Lubricate the bite area with alcohol and apply plantain.

3. If the temperature rises or swelling appears, you should consult a doctor.

Precautions must be observed:

1.do not walk barefoot where people are nearby flowering plants;

2. at the dacha or on a hike, eat sandwiches with meat, be careful so that the wasp does not sting the mucous membrane of the mouth;

3. It is better to drink water through a straw or from a glass to see if there are insects there;

4.wasps and bees do not like red and Blue colour, they get scared when they wave their arms;

5. There are people who can experience allergic shock from one bite, and then death, if they do not receive the necessary medical assistance.

Reinforcing the material covered

Work on site using cards. Evaluated by the teacher.

FIXING option 1

A. What class does the animal shown in the figure belong to:

1) Arachnids 2) Crustaceans

3) Insects 4) Shellfish

IN. Insects are characterized by the presence

1) Gills 2) Wings 3) Trachea 4) Compound eyes

5) Extracavitary digestion 6) Chelicerae

WITH

FIXING option 2

A. IN economic activity person uses:

1) Butterflies 2) Silkworms 3) Red forest ants

4) Red cockroaches

IN. Install correct sequence organisms in the food chain. Write down the sequence.

A) eagle B) snake C) grasshopper D) plant E) frog

WITH. Why are insects the most numerous class?

Reflection.

today I found out...

it was interesting…

it was difficult…

I completed tasks...

I realized that...

Now I can…

I felt that...

I purchased...

I learned…

I managed …

I was able...

I will try…

I was surprised...

gave me a lesson for life...

I wanted…

Homework

Page 166 -168 study the text,

look at the illustrations in the textbook

http://ru.wikipedia.

OPTIONALLY

Prepare creative works

on the topic “Diversity of insects:

messages

Appendix No. 1

SIGNS OF INSECTS,

CONDITIONING THEIR WIDESPREAD

DISTRIBUTION IN NATURE

Animal sign	Features of the insect class	Biological significance of the trait
Movement	The presence of wings and three pairs of legs (running, swimming, jumping...)	Ability to fly and move on various surfaces
Division of the body into sections	Dividing the body into 3 sections: head, chest and abdomen	Some mobility of the head and abdomen
Nutrition method	Diverse structure of the oral organs (gnawing, sucking, licking mouthparts)	Ability to use a variety of foods
Orientation in environment	The presence of developed sense organs: vision, hearing, smell, touch	Ability to find food, detect enemies, breeding partners
Body measurements	Small sizes	Possibility of filling habitats inaccessible to other animals
Breathing method	Tracheal breathing	Consumption of atmospheric oxygen for breathing
Nervous system development	Complication of the nervous system: development of the suprapharyngeal ganglion and three thoracic ganglia of the ventral nerve cord	The presence of more complex reflexes and instincts

Appendix No. 2

CLASS INSECTS

The entire class of insects is divided into 2 groups

This lower or primary wingless And real or winged.

Orders of primary wingless:

1. Bessyazhkovye the only insects without antennae, without tactile sensations, and no eyes. Tiny from about 5 to 2 mm, colorless, slow-moving inhabitants of damp mosses and stumps, they feed on smaller insects and mushroom juices, piercing their hyphae.

2. Springtails the smallest insects from 0.2 to 6 mm., the most ancient. They live everywhere - in the soil, in greenhouses, in flower pots, birds nest. Under the bark of trees, on the surface of reservoirs. They participate in the transformation of human, animal and plant corpses into humus and participate in soil formation. They feed on spores of fungi, algae, and lichens, eating the green pulp of plants, causing harm to fields.

3. Double tails from 2 to 50 mm., live under fallen leaves, stones, in rotten stumps, anthills. Without eyes, the tail appendages of some, when retreating backwards, serve to feel the path, while others serve to bring the caught insect to the mouth, bending the back of the body above them.

4. Bristletails live in the same place as the two-tailed ones, have compound eyes, and jump using the last pair of limbs. In structure they are close to real insects.

Subclass of winged divided into insects with incomplete transformation and insects with complete transformation.

The distribution of species into orders is carried out taking into account such characteristics as the nature of development, structural features of the wings, and the structure of the oral apparatus. The main characteristics of some orders of insects are presented below.

Insects with incomplete metamorphosis

Order Orthoptera- most representatives of the order are herbivorous, but there are also predators. This includes grasshoppers, cabbage, locusts. Green grasshopper lives in the grass in meadows, in the steppes. It has a long club-shaped ovipositor. Kapusyanka - has burrowing legs, flies and swims well. Causes great damage to underground parts garden plants, for example, cucumbers, carrots, cabbage, potatoes, etc. Some types of locusts are prone to mass reproduction, then they gather in huge flocks and fly over a considerable distance (up to several thousand kilometers), destroying all green vegetation in their path.

Order Homoptera- all its representatives feed on plant juices. Many types aphids cause great harm cultivated plants. Many Homoptera are carriers viral diseases plants. This includes a variety of cicadas, whose sizes range from a few millimeters to 5-6 cm. They live in the crowns of trees..

Insects with complete metamorphosis

Squad of beetles, or Coleoptera, is the most numerous order of insects, with up to 300,000 species. Beetles are common in a wide variety of land and freshwater environments. Their sizes range from 0.3 to 155 mm in length. Many beetles cause great damage to cultivated plants. One of the pests of potatoes and other plants is Colorado beetle, brought to us from America. Beetle beetle- grain pest; Chafer- its larvae damage tree roots and potato tubers; beet weevil- affects sugar beets. In addition, this includes bark beetles, grinding passages in the bark and bast fibers of valuable tree species, and the larvae goldenrod and i live in dead wood and cause great damage to forestry industries.

Many beetles spoil food supplies: pea weevil, bread beetle, carpet beetle, damaging leather and wool products. Also belongs to the order of beetles little beetle tube gun. The biology of these beetles is very interesting. In spring, the pipe cutter cuts the leaf down to the main vein in a special way. The cut part of the leaf fades and loses its elasticity. Then the beetle rolls it up into a ball and lays its eggs there. Something like a cigar is formed. This is how the tubeweaver expresses concern for its offspring.

Individual beetles feed on the remains of plants and animals and perform the role of orderlies in nature, for example: pustule beetles And gravestones. Some can be used to combat harmful insects. So, ladybug destroys aphids, and large green ones paint beetles- caterpillars.

Beetles can be extremely beautiful large sizes, For example stag beetle, or stag, listed in the Red Book, reaches a length of up to 8 cm, its larvae develop in rotten stumps for about five years and grow up to 14 cm in length. The reservoirs are inhabited by beetles of various sizes and feeding methods - the swimming beetle and the black water lover. The swimming beetle is a predator, the black water lover is a herbivore.

Butterfly squad, or Lepidoptera, - representatives of this order are distinguished by the varied colors of their wings. This includes hives, cabbage butterfly, silkworm etc. Among the species living on Far East, there are very large moths, whose wingspan corresponds to the width of an unfolded notebook. The wings of butterflies are covered with modified hairs - scales, which have the ability to refract light. The iridescent color of the wings of many butterflies depends on this phenomenon. Butterfly larvae are called caterpillars. They have a gnawing apparatus and a long body. Their salivary glands In addition to saliva, they also secrete silk threads, from which a cocoon is woven before pupation. Adult butterflies are very good plant pollinators. The caterpillars of most butterflies are herbivorous, eating leaves of plants, causing significant harm, for example, cabbage whites, apple moths, lacewings, ringed silkworms, etc. The caterpillar of the house moth feeds on woolen products, damaging them; some caterpillars spoil flour and other food products.

Mulberry and oak silkworms- people have been breeding them for a long time in order to obtain silk (from cocoons). Many large butterflies are extremely beautiful, for example swallowtail, Apollo etc. The large butterfly is very interesting night peacock eye, on the wings of which there are ocellated spots. Its caterpillar is large, fleshy, green in color; before pupation, it spins a cocoon the size of egg.

Large moths with sharp-angled wings, characterized by very fast flight - hawkmoths, - so named and then so named because they readily feed on fermented and odorous tree sap, especially birch sap, which appears on wounds and stumps.

Order Hymenoptera- unites a variety of insects: bees, bumblebees, OS, riders, sawflies etc. The lifestyle of these insects is varied. Some of them are herbivorous, as their larvae (very similar to caterpillars) cause great damage to crops and other plants, e.g. bread and pine sawflies. Sawfly larvae feeding on leaves become so similar to butterfly caterpillars that they are called false caterpillars. An amazing adaptation is the ovipositor of sawflies, which serves to cut out pockets in plant tissues in which female sawflies hide their eggs, thereby showing original care for their offspring.

Excellent plant pollinators are bumblebees. This is a social insect. The bumblebee family only exists for one summer. Nests are built in mouse holes, hollows, squirrel nests, and birdhouses. The female builds the nest, equipping wax cells in it for laying eggs. A supply of food is placed in the cell - a mixture of pollen and honey. The larvae emerging from the eggs eat food and after two to three weeks weave silk cocoons, turning into pupae. Working bumblebees, females and males, emerge from the pupae. By the end of summer, there are up to 500 bumblebees in large nests. In autumn, the old queen, males and workers die, and the young queens hide for the winter.

Lifestyle OS looks like a bumblebee. They also exist for one summer. Wasps are beneficial by destroying harmful insects, and the damage caused by them damaging fruits is small. More harm from hornets(one of the types of swarming wasps): they gnaw the bark of young trees and eat bees. Having settled near an apiary, they destroy thousands of bees over the summer.

Of the social insects of the order Hymenoptera, it is most beneficial honey bee. She is also a wonderful plant pollinator and produces exclusively useful product food - honey, as well as wax, royal jelly, widely used by humans in perfumery. medicine, for the manufacture of varnishes, paints, etc.

A bee family is a surprisingly complex whole, in which all members of the family are very closely related to each other. Life and prosperity of the entire species are equally impossible without the queen and without drones, without worker bees. Using knowledge about the lives of all members of the bee family, beekeepers have learned to create specialized houses for bees - hives, conditions for feeding bees (taken to the fields where honey plants are grown) and at the same time obtain not only honey good quality, but also quantities.

Representatives of the order Hymenoptera are used as biological method combating harmful insects. These include various riders, as well as Trichogramma, which is bred artificially

Order Diptera. This includes well-known insects: flies, mosquitoes, midges, gadflies, horseflies and other insects similar to them, having one pair of transparent wings. The second pair of wings turned into the so-called halteres. The common mosquito lives in swampy and damp areas. Mosquitoes are especially numerous in mid-summer. Residents of the taiga and tundra call their clusters vile. With their piercing mouthparts, mosquitoes easily pierce human skin and suck his blood. Worm-like mosquito larvae live in stagnant water. While feeding, the larvae grow, molt and turn into mobile pupae. Mosquito pupae also live in water; they cannot feed, so they soon turn into adults.

The malaria mosquito and the common mosquito are distinguished by their position. Common mosquito (squeaker) keeps his body parallel to the surface on which he sits, and malarial- at an angle to her, raising the rear end of the body high. The malaria mosquito lays eggs in a pond one at a time, while the common mosquito lays eggs in packs, floating on the surface in the form of rafts. Fungus gnat larvae live in the fruiting bodies of cap mushrooms.

flies, unlike mosquitoes. have short antennae. Their larvae are white, usually legless and headless. U housefly worm-like larvae live and develop in kitchen waste, in piles of manure and sewage, where the fly lays its eggs. Before pupation, the larvae crawl out of the sewage, penetrate the soil and turn into pupae.

Adult flies hatching from pupae fly everywhere in search of poverty. From latrines and cesspools they fly onto openly lying food products and contaminate them. Flies transmit bacteria to human food gastrointestinal diseases and roundworm eggs. Therefore, it is very important to combat flies. Protect food from flies with gauze or caps, vegetables and fruits before

Hemiptera: cockroaches, termites, praying mantises, bedbugs.

Secondarily wingless: lice, lice, fleas.

Orthoptera: grasshoppers, crickets, mole crickets, earwigs, locusts.

Homoptera: cicadas, aphids.

Reticulata: goldentail, antlion, mayflies, dragonflies, caddisflies, stoneflies.

Appendix No. 3

THE IMPORTANCE OF INSECTS IN NATURE AND IN HUMAN LIFE

Role in nature

and human life

Representatives

number

pests

agricultural crops

Dragonflies (arrows,

beauties, rocker)

Beetles (ladybug,

ground beetles)

Hymenoptera

(riders)

Pollinators

plants

Hymenoptera

(bees, bumblebees)

Participate in

soil-forming

processes

mammals, birds,

reptiles, amphibians, fish

Diptera

(flies, mosquitoes)

plants

Orthoptera

(grasshoppers, locusts, crickets)

(bug bug)

(white beetles, apple blossom beetle)

(Colorado beetle, May beetle, bark beetle,

click beetle)

Vectors

Pathogens of human and animal diseases

Female mosquito (malaria)

Mosquito (fever)

Flies (helminthic infestations)

Great gadfly larvae

(cattle leather)

Horse botfly larvae

(horse stomach)

Lice (typhus)

Fleas (plague)

Appendix No. 4

Appendix No. 5

QUIZ “WHO IS THIS?”

Appendix No. 6

« DID YOU KNOW"

What is entomology? (science of insects)

Who appears earlier in the spring? the bats or flying insects? (flying insects)

Which beetle is named after the month in which it appears? (Chafer)

Which beetles are named after famous large mammals? Why? (stag beetle, elephant beetle)

What is myrmicology? (science of ants)

How can you know that rain is coming by watching an anthill? (ants cover all entrances and exits)

What order does the clothes moth belong to? (Order Lepidoptera)

Who did Princess Swan turn Prince Guidon into in “The Tale of Tsar Saltan” by A.S. Pushkin? (mosquito, fly, bumblebee)

Is one of Thumbelina's suitors also an insect? (Chafer)

Remember the most popular book about insects - it begins with a name day and ends with a wedding. (Fly Tsokotukha)

What insects did Yura Barankin and Kostya Malinin turn into in V. Medvedev’s book “Barankin, Be a Man”? (in a butterfly - Swallowtail, cabbageweed, ants)

From which work are the lines and who are we talking about: “The evil insect looks so menacing that bears, dogs, wolves, hippos, elephants are afraid of it”? (“Cockroach” by K.I. Chukovsky)

Appendix No. 7

PUZZLES

COCKROACHS

Orthoptera

Literature:

1.Vysotskaya M.V. "Biology. Lesson plans based on the textbook by Zakharova V.B., Sonina N.I. 7th grade" Volgograd: Teacher, 2009, 448 pages

2. Zakharov V.B., Sonin N.I. "Biology. Diversity of living organisms, grade 7" M: Bustard, 2012, 256 pages.

3. Molis S.A. “Book for reading on zoology” M: Prosveshchenie, 1986, 224 pages

Internet resources:

1.Riddles http://detkam.e-papa.ru/zagadki/11/, http://riddle-middle.ru/zagadki?cat_id=6

2. Puzzles http://biouroki.ru/rebus/14.html

3. http://biouroki.ru

G
gnawing gnawing-licking sucking licking piercing

Lesson Plan

Organizing time
Check of knowledge
Learning new material
Consolidation
Homework

Lesson summary

Goal: To study the diversity of insects and their role in nature.

Tasks:

Educational

Developmental

Educational

Respect for nature;

Methods:

Verbal - visual
Visual - demonstration

Equipment:

tables depicting insects of different orders,
multimedia.

Lesson type:

combined

Lesson type:

generalizing

During the classes

Lesson steps	Content	Methods and means
Org. moment	Hello! Topic: The diversity of insects, their role in nature and practical significance. Goal: To study the diversity of insects and their role in nature.	Verbal, board
Check of knowledge	Frontal survey: 1. How many sections does the body of insects consist of? (Answer: head, chest, abdomen) 2. What kind of wings do insects have? (Answer: wings (thin plate, two-layer), elytra (typical of beetles)) 3. How it works nervous system insects? (Answer: nerve cord and brain) 4. How do insects eat? (Answer: food is varied, it includes all substances of plant and animal origin) 5. How do insects breathe? (Answer: trachea, up to 10 pairs of holes - spiracles)	Conversation, Tables “Type Arthropods, Class Insects”, “Lepidoptera”, development of insects with complete and incomplete transformation.
Learning new material	Variety of insects. The class of insects is divided into two large groups - primarily wingless and winged. Now guys, pay attention to the screen, let’s get acquainted with P Primary wingless and winged insects TO *primary wingless* include the most simply organized insects, such as campodea, springtail, sugar silverfish and others, living in the soil, under stones, in moss, in basements and cellars. Their sizes are small, exceeding 1 mm. The role of insects in nature extraordinarily varied. They participate in the cycle of substances, as they use a wide variety of food sources (from living plants and the bodies of other animals to decaying remains of plant and animal origin), perform a sanitary function, and actively participate in the soil-forming process. Their role in the pollination of flowering plants is great. Insects provide valuable food and technical products (honey bees, silkworms, lac bugs, etc.). Some insects are useful in exterminating pests and weeds; many species serve as food for a number of commercial animals - mammals, birds and fish. Among insects there are many dangerous pests of plants and animals. Great harm is caused to insects as carriers of pathogens of a number of diseases, bloodsuckers and others.	The number of many insects in the population is not constant; in some species it can increase many times. Verbal, visual.
Collection of insects, tables, book for reading on Zoology.	Multimedia (Presentation) Consolidation of knowledge	Report about insects. (Sveta Konovalova, Alena Razorenova)
Students must write down beneficial and pest insects and their roles in nature in their notebooks. Disassemble each insect according to taxonomy (kingdom, subkingdom, etc.).	Practical, textbook and tables “Insect Class”	Homework

Study the text on pp. 164 – 165, prepare answers to the questions in the “Think!” section.

Target: Verbal, textbook

Self-analysis of a Biology lesson in 7th grade :

Educational

Study the diversity of insects and their role in nature.
Tasks
Expand students' knowledge about the diversity of insects;

Developmental

Familiarize yourself with the primary wingless and winged classes of insects;
Show their importance in various natural communities.

Educational

Respect for nature;
Improve the ability to recognize insects in drawings and tables;

Lesson type: Explain the features of structure and life activity

Ecological significance for humans

Combined

This combined lesson is closely related to previous lessons and works for subsequent ones, since during the lesson they repeated taxonomy, the external structure of insects, organ systems and functions, natural meanings, worked with a textbook, tables, and also studied new material. Lesson summarizing environmental content. Repetition

When studying new material, the following were used: a multimedia projector, tables, posters, and working with a textbook. To awaken interest in studying the topic, various techniques and methods were used: practical, verbal - visual, demonstration. There were no particular difficulties; the material was presented in full.

Consolidation of new material was the end of independent work (write beneficial insects and pests for nature and humans).

Alena Razorenova (Topic: Flies) and Sveta Konovalova (Topic: Cockroaches) prepared a message. The educational and cognitive activities of students in the lesson were organized in the form of individual work. All students received positive marks for the lesson. The goal of the lesson was achieved.

The structure of the lesson and its content that I have chosen are rational for solving the tasks and studying the stated topic, the formulation of which created an entertaining situation and aroused cognitive interest in the lesson.

The friendly atmosphere and high performance of students during the lesson were maintained due to the fact that a student-oriented approach was implemented. The students showed great interest in the lesson.

Lesson topic: “The role of insects in nature and human life”

Lesson type: generalization and systematization of knowledge.

The purpose of the lesson: consolidation and improvement of knowledge, skills and abilities on the topic: “Insects”

Tasks:

Educational: generalize, systematize and expand knowledge about insects, their diversity, significance in nature.

Correctional and developmental: correction and development of intellectual skills and mental operations - analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization.

Educational: broaden your horizons and cultivate a love of nature.

Equipment: puzzles, crosswords, presentation on the topic: “Insects”, ICT.

Lesson plan:

Organizing time.
A. Setting goals and objectives for the lesson.
b. State the topic and purpose of the lesson.

The main part of the lesson.
a) Introduction to the topic.
b) Vocabulary work.
c) Class insects
d) Repetition

e) Learning new material (student performance)

Work according to the textbook.
6. Physical exercise

10. Independent work.
11. Results. Lesson grades
12. Homework.

DURING THE CLASSES

1. Organizational moment

The motto of our lesson: “Object of worship. Source of inspiration. Subject of study.”( Annex 1 , slide 1)

A) setting goals and objectives for the lesson

– The topic of today’s lesson will help us determine crossword (Annex 1 , slide 2)

Guess the following riddles:

I took the name from the blacksmith,
The color is cucumber
The wings of a midge,
The legs are like those of a flea. (Grasshopper)

Lives in the swamp
And eats frogs. (Heron)

On the daisy at the gate
The helicopter descended.
Golden eyes
Who is this? (Dragonfly)

I'm buzzing over the flowers
The whole day in worries -
I take pollen in my pocket,
I fill the honeycombs. (Bee)

Not a beast, not a bird,
The toe is like a knitting needle.
It flies and squeaks,
He sits down and is silent. (Mosquito)

All four petals of the flower were moving.
I wanted to rip it off -
He took off and flew away. (Butterfly)

Small in stature, but hardworking
And the hunter is real.
The house is assembled from pine needles,
Saves the forest from caterpillars. (Ant)

He darted and rustled in the sage,
He made a terrible noise
How many things has he done?
I even woke up a fly. (Bumblebee)

Checking progress. ( Annex 1 , slide 3): 1. Grasshopper 2. Heron 3. Dragonfly 4. Bee 5. Mosquito 6. Butterfly 7. Ant 8. Bumblebee.

– Read the topic of the lesson vertically (Insects). Today in the lesson we will consolidate, remember, expand our knowledge and skills on this topic, or more precisely about the role of our insects in nature.

B). Communicating the topic and purpose of the lesson

– Today we will take a trip to amazing world- world of insects ( Annex 1 , slide 4)
Lesson topic: The diversity of insects and their role in nature. (write in a notebook - dates, lesson topics)

2. Main part of the lesson

A) Introduction to the topic

– Look carefully at the crossword puzzle again. Name all its representatives in one word (Animals). Which one is the odd one out? Why? (Heron - bird). What are the essential features do they help you identify insects? (Six legs, head, chest, abdomen etc.(slide 5)

Insects are the largest group of animals. This is approximately 80% of all creatures inhabiting land. Zoologists know more than 1 million species of insects, and thousands of new ones are discovered every year.

B) Vocabulary work:

– The study of insects is carried out by a science called entomology (writing words in a notebook). (slide 6)

B) Class insects

– Class Insects are divided into various orders: Diptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera ( Annex 1 , slide 7).

Tell me guys which squad is the odd one out here?

D) Repetition

Listen to an excerpt from A. Fet’s poem “Butterfly” slide 8

You are right. One airy outline.
I'm so sweet.
All the velvet is mine with its living blinking -
Only two wings.
... Don’t ask: where did it come from?
Where am I hurrying?
Here I fell on a summer flower
And now I’m breathing...

1. What biological error is made in this passage? (2 pairs of wings, spiracles)

– Which diagram correctly shows the development of a butterfly? ( Annex 1 , slide 9)

D) Learning new material.
Guys, your class is divided into 2 teams, which have their own name. Group 1 – “Butterflies”, Group 2 – “Bees”. The team that scores the maximum number of points will receive the maximum score. Each team has a chief entomologist who has been tasked with studying the negative and positive roles of insects in nature. Let's hear them. But before we listen to them, let's draw a table. (slide 10)

Depending on who prepared the positive and negative roles of insects, the teams are given the opposite filling in the tables that they will fill out in class, for each answer a point).

(presentation of entomologists __________Babochkin, and ___________ Drone.)

E). Fizminutka

AND) Team games

1. Competition “Find the mistake” Slides 11-12

The teacher reads and the students must find the mistake. (For this competition the highest score is 5 points.)

Text. “August is approaching. The forest edges and clearings are full of flowering plants. On one of them we will see a peacock butterfly; dark blue round spots stand out brightly against the reddish background of its wings. Suddenly a tit flew up and grabbed the butterfly. We walked further and almost tore the web that the tarantula spider had woven. There were two beetles in his net: dolomedes and silverfish. The song of a female grasshopper was heard in the grass. It was a wonderful day, we saw so much.”

(the peacock butterfly has a warning color and is not pecked by birds, the tarantula spider does not weave a web, dolomedes and silverfish are aquatic spiders and are not insects, male grasshoppers chirp)

2. Artist competition (pet joke)

1 person is invited from each team. The task is to draw a butterfly with your eyes closed. (whoever is better earns 5 points, worse - 3 points.)

3. “Kill the mosquito” competition.

11. Results. Reflection

-What interesting things did you learn in the lesson?
– What new things did you learn during the lesson?

Reflection: Float like a butterfly - I really liked it

I'm as sorry as a bee - I didn't like it.

I'm an aphid - I didn't understand anything in class

Lesson grades.

12. Homework.

– Thanks everyone for the lesson! ( Annex 1 ,)

The lesson takes place in the form of competitions. To participate, 3 teams of 6 people are formed, the rest are fans.

I. Presentation of commands

Team " Ants”, the motto is “There are no meaningless creatures in the world and the ants will give you their answer.”
Team " Beetles”, motto - “The beetles are buzzing, creaking, squeaking and now they want to win.”
Team " Dragonflies”, the motto is “Virtuosos are ready to fight, we are friendly, agile today, dragonflies.”

II. Warm-up

Each team is asked 5 questions.

Questions for the first team

1. How to appearance recognize an insect?
(1 pair of whiskers, 3 pairs of legs, 2 pairs of wings, 3 body sections)

2. Which butterfly robs hives at night?
Why are bee stings painless for her?

(The butterfly of the hawkmoth family is a death’s head; bites do not work, because its body is densely covered with hairs.)
3. Why does a bee need a fan?

(To cool and avoid overheating the hive, they flap their wings, bring and spray water)
4. If a daytime hives butterfly lands under the roof of a barn or flies into a room during the day, what does this mean?

(That it will rain in 1–2 hours)
5. Why do flies stay on the ceiling and crawl on the window glass?

(The fly has suction cups on its legs)

Questions for Team II
1. What insects are domesticated by humans?

(Honey bees, silkworms, formerly cochineal aphids and oak silkworms)
2. Which beetle, sensing danger, stands on its head?

(darkling beetle, bombardier)
3. Which insect is a real virtuoso in flight?

(Dragonfly rocker blue)
4. With the help of what insects does a person fight insect pests?

(ground beetle, ladybug, ichneumon fly, hoverfly)
5. Who does a bee family consist of? How are they different from each other?

(Queen, drones, worker bees; differences in size and functions)

Questions for Team III
1. How many species of insects live on Earth? What are their habitats?

(2,000,000 species; live everywhere - in the air at an altitude of 1,500–2,000 m, in fresh and marine waters, in soil, in all plants and animals)
2. How do insects escape?
(Flies, butterflies, dragonflies fly away;
wasps, bees, bumblebees sting;
beetles - run away;
grasshoppers - jumping;

bedbugs, ladybugs, bronze bugs - secrete a liquid with a disgusting odor)
3. What insects are carriers of human diseases?
(The malaria mosquito carries malaria;
fly - dysentery, cholera, diphtheria;
lice – typhus and relapsing fever

cockroaches – dysentery, cholera)
4. What harm do click beetles cause?

(Wireworm larvae harm crops of sugar beets, corn, carrots, potatoes, wheat; the larvae live in the soil for 2–3 years)
5. What nurse insects do you know?

(Gravedigger beetles, corpse eaters)

For each correct answer, students receive 5 points.

III. Competition “Find the mistake”

IV. Artist competition (pet joke)

Each team invites 3 people. The task is to determine which parts of different insects make up this fantastic animal.

(For this competition the highest score is 10 points.)

Answers to the animal joke: the head of a fly, the muzzle of a dung beetle, the proboscis of a butterfly, the pronotum of a bee, the abdomen of a dragonfly, the legs of a mosquito, the front wings of a grasshopper, the hind wings of a swallowtail.

V. Competition “Zoological Museum”

1 person is invited from each team (for this competition the highest score is 5 points).

The participant must try himself as a tour guide. The video is turned on, there are stills about different orders of insects, the sound is turned off, the participants are voicing. The winner is the one who copes with this task correctly and interestingly.

VI. Competition “Catch an insect”

From each team, 2 people are invited, with the help of a magnet they catch cut out pictures with images of insects (they used the children's game “Catch a Fish”), whoever manages to catch the most and name them within 2 minutes earns 5 points in this competition.

VII. Crossword

(The crossword puzzle is worth 10 points.)

Horizontally:

Vertically:

Crossword answers

By horizontal: 3. Wasps. 5. Mosquitoes.

6. Bumblebees. 7. Bedbugs. 9. Dragonflies. 11. Bees. 14. Fillies. 15. Beetles. 16. Lions (ant-like). 17. Lice.

Vertical: 1. Fleas. 2. Butterflies. 4. Horseflies. 7. Grasshoppers. 8. Ants. 10. Cockroaches. 12. Aphids.

13. Flies.

VIII. Fan competition

For each correct answer, fans receive 1 point.
While the teams solve the crossword puzzle, fans are invited to answer the following questions:

1. Of the arthropods, only insects have excretory organs in the form of...? (Malpighian vessels.) 2) Development of larvae
ladybugs

happens to...?
(Soldier bugs, bronze bugs, ground beetles, ladybugs.)

4) What insects help pollinate plants?
(Butterflies, bees, bumblebees, ants.)

5) Which beetles got their name from famous large mammals and why?
(Stag beetle - for the “branchy” horns,
rhinoceros beetle - for hard growth in shaped like a horn,
elephants - for their mouth parts in the form of a proboscis.)

6) Who is called the “bee wolf”?
(The burrowing wasp stores honey bees for its larvae.)

7) What insect hears with its feet?
(Grasshopper.)

8) Do male and female mosquitoes always eat the same food?
(No, during the breeding season the female seeks out warm-blooded animals in order to drink the blood necessary for the maturation of the eggs.)

9) Why does it itch when a mosquito bites you?
(Poisonous saliva, once in the wound, causes this itching.)

10) Name insects - pests of fields, gardens, forests.
(Fields – cabbage whiteweed, beet weevil, beetle, fall armyworm, Colorado potato beetle; forest – paired and gypsy moth; garden – aphids, apple shooter, apple flower beetle.)

IX. The investigation is being conducted by “sniffers”

Each team invites 1 person who understands smells.

Pieces of the sponge have odors (mint, dill, horseradish, orange). If you correctly name all the smells, then the name of the insect is formed from their first letters.

(The fly is an order of Diptera.)

X. Summing up

Awarding the winners and fans who scored the most points.

Questionnaire tasks were compiled using the following literature:

1. V. Sabunaev Entertaining zoology, - Leningrad: Children's literature, 1976.
2. V. V. Nesterov Zoo quiz, - M.: Education, 1969.
3. V. A. Alekseev 300 questions and answers about animals, - Yaroslavl: Academy of Development, 1997.