How to grow a coconut tree at home. Spring protection of garden plants from pests and diseases

Coconut palm, growing in a large tub, looks very exotic. Complements any interior, representing bright accent. But to grow it at home, you need to know the features of caring for this plant. Let's look at how to plant a coconut tree in a flowerpot and the nuances of its propagation. In the article you will find detailed descriptions stages of growing and photographs of the plant.

Forms, varieties and varieties

The coconut palm is the only representative of the Coconut genus. IN natural environment(tropics and subtropics) many varieties of this plant grow. For example, subspecies of coconut:

viridis, which has green fruits;
tall - typica;
dwarf forms - nana.

Coconut palm in natural conditions

Decorative low-growing palm trees have also been bred that produce inedible fruits. yellow color. Varietal forms have nuts various shades, the most common are:

Brown.
Green.
Orange.
Yellow, etc.

Types of Coconuts

With variety appearance coconuts can be seen in the photo. The fruits differ not only in color, but also in shape; they can be oval, teardrop-shaped, round, pear-shaped, elongated, etc. The size of the nut and the kernel inside it also directly depends on the variety.

Important. In nature, the coconut palm reaches 30 m in height. But at home, it will grow no more than 6 m. To grow in a tub, you must try to find a specially bred low-growing form that can please the eye for many years. Whereas the tall variety will live at home for no more than 7 years.

Coconut tree propagation, germination and planting

Reproduction occurs by seeds, i.e. The fruit of the coconut tree itself germinates. Only shelled nuts are suitable for planting. Stores sell already shelled coconuts. The top layers - exocarp and coir - are always removed before the product hits the counter. This valuable raw material is used in industry.

Planting a coconut

To get a coconut palm sprout, you must have a ripe fruit that has not been processed. The photo clearly shows what a viable nut looks like. Coconuts with a large supply of juice inside germinate best. If you shake it, you can hear a gurgling sound. Before planting, the fruit must be soaked in water for at least 2-3 days. This creates conditions that are as close as possible to the natural environment when it swims in the ocean.

Important. Coconuts can travel across the ocean for more than a year. At the same time, their ability to germinate is not lost. And as soon as the wave hits the fruit on the sandy shore, a sprout will appear.

A coconut can only hatch at a temperature of about 30 °C. Air humidity should also be high. This is a very long process, it can take up to six months. Suitable conditions for germination can be created in a greenhouse or greenhouse. After the sprout appears, the fruit is placed in a tub with soil. The substrate is covered only bottom part, and the top of the nut should be above ground level. Imitating natural conditions. In their natural environment, coconut palms grow well in sand, but they can also grow in other soils.

Coconut tree sprout

To grow at home, the substrate must be soft and loose. It is good to use universal flower soil, diluted 1:1 with coarse sand. You can add peat and humus. The optimal diameter of the planting container is approximately twice the size of the fruit itself. Be sure to install a drainage layer and holes to allow excess moisture to escape.

Sprouting coconut requires patience and creation special conditions. If you don’t want to do this, you can always buy a young plant decorative variety at the garden center.

Features of care

contain it tropical plant always in a well-lit place. But it is advisable to protect it from direct sunlight, since constant exposure causes the leaves to curl and dry out. A spacious, bright hall or balcony, slightly shaded if it faces south, is suitable. In rooms where there is not enough light, you will have to additionally artificially illuminate the young palm tree. The temperature should not drop below 15 °C; colder conditions threaten the palm tree with death.

A constant level of humidity is very important for the plant.

The plant needs humid air, ideally 75%. The heating system dries it out a lot. Therefore in winter time provide additional air humidification in the room. When spraying, you need to try to ensure that water does not fall on the nut, but only irrigates the leaves.

Constant watering is vital for the coconut tree. After all, in its homeland it grows on the coasts of seas and oceans. The earthen clod should not be allowed to dry out completely. Young plant, especially if it is in a clay pot, water it every day. The first 3-4 years require annual transplants. When placing the palm tree in a new, larger container, you need to preserve the earthen lump. At the age of 5 years or more, instead of transplanting, humus is added to the surface of the soil High Quality.

Important. An integral part of caring for a coconut tree growing in a tub is pruning. Remove broken, dried leaves. But those that have changed color, darkened or slightly yellowed sheet plates leave. Because the plant extracts the necessary nutritional compounds from them.

Fertilizers, fertilizing, typical diseases and pests

The coconut tree grows very slowly, using a large number of nutrients. And although from a biological point of view the plant is undemanding to the composition of the soil, due to lack of space at home it must be fertilized. For this it is recommended to use organic matter. To get the best results, it is better to feed every month.

It is advisable to start fertilizing in the spring. Continue to do this regularly throughout the summer. And in the fall, gradually reduce feeding so that it is stopped in winter. In this period mature plant It is better to leave it alone, reducing not only nutrition, but also irrigation.

To develop a palm tree in an apartment, the plant needs regular feeding.

Insufficiently careful and thoughtful care of the plant provokes the occurrence of diseases. Excessive watering contributes to the development of fungal infections, under the influence of which root system capable of rotting. In potted cultivation, the coconut palm is affected by a number of pests, the most common of which are:

Scale insects;
Spider mites;
Mealybugs;
Thrips;
False scale insects.

To combat these insects, insecticides are used, the use of which is permitted indoors.

Growing and caring for a coconut tree at home is quite labor-intensive and time-consuming. But having received a healthy, beautiful specimen, you can rightfully be proud of it. This exotic plant extremely attractive, decorative and unusual. It will definitely amaze guests and delight the hosts.

How to grow a palm tree in your home: video

Growing a coconut tree: photo

A coconut tree growing in a large tub looks very exotic. Complements any interior, representing a bright accent. But to grow it at home, you need to know the features of caring for this plant. Let's look at how to plant a coconut tree in a flowerpot and the nuances of its propagation. In the article you will find detailed descriptions of the stages of cultivation and photographs of the plant.

Forms, varieties and varieties

The coconut palm is the only representative of the Coconut genus. In the natural environment (tropics and subtropics) many varieties of this plant grow. For example, subspecies of coconut:

viridis, which has green fruits;
tall - typica;
dwarf forms - nana.

Coconut palm in natural conditions

Ornamental low-growing palm trees have also been bred, producing inedible yellow fruits. Varietal forms have nuts of various shades, the most common are:

Brown.
Green.
Orange.
Yellow, etc.

Types of Coconuts

You can see the variety of appearance of coconuts in the photo. The fruits differ not only in color, but also in shape; they can be oval, teardrop-shaped, round, pear-shaped, elongated, etc. The size of the nut and the kernel inside it also directly depends on the variety.

Important. In nature, the coconut palm reaches 30 m in height. But at home, it will grow no more than 6 m. To grow in a tub, you must try to find a specially bred low-growing form that can please the eye for many years. Whereas the tall variety will live at home for no more than 7 years.

Coconut tree propagation, germination and planting

Planting a coconut

A coconut can only hatch at a temperature of about 30 °C. Air humidity should also be high. This is a very long process, it can take up to six months. Suitable conditions for germination can be created in a greenhouse or greenhouse. After the sprout appears, the fruit is placed in a tub with soil. Only the lower part is covered with the substrate, and the top of the nut should be above ground level. Imitating natural conditions. In their natural environment, coconut palms grow well in sand, but they can also grow in other soils.

Coconut tree sprout

Sprouting coconut requires patience and special conditions. If you don’t want to do this, you can always purchase a young plant of an ornamental variety at a garden center.

Features of care

This tropical plant must be kept in a well-lit place. But it is advisable to protect it from direct sunlight, since constant exposure causes the leaves to curl and dry out. A spacious, bright hall or balcony, slightly shaded if it faces south, is suitable. In rooms where there is not enough light, you will have to additionally artificially illuminate the young palm tree. The temperature should not drop below 15 °C; colder conditions threaten the palm tree with death.

A constant level of humidity is very important for the plant.

The plant needs humid air, ideally 75%. The heating system dries it out a lot. Therefore, in winter they provide additional humidification of the indoor air. When spraying, you need to try to ensure that water does not fall on the nut, but only irrigates the leaves.

Constant watering is vital for the coconut tree. After all, in its homeland it grows on the coasts of seas and oceans. The earthen clod should not be allowed to dry out completely. A young plant, especially if it is in a clay pot, is watered every day. The first 3-4 years require annual transplants. When placing the palm tree in a new, larger container, you need to preserve the earthen lump. At the age of 5 years or more, instead of transplanting, high-quality humus is added to the soil surface.

Important. An integral part of caring for a coconut tree growing in a tub is pruning. Remove broken, dried leaves. But leaf blades that have changed their color, darkened or slightly yellowed are left behind. Because the plant extracts the necessary nutritional compounds from them.

Fertilizers, fertilizing, typical diseases and pests

The coconut tree grows very slowly, consuming large amounts of nutrients. And although from a biological point of view the plant is undemanding to the composition of the soil, due to lack of space at home it must be fertilized. For this it is recommended to use organic substances. To get the best results, it is better to feed every month.

It is advisable to start fertilizing in the spring. Continue to do this regularly throughout the summer. And in the fall, gradually reduce feeding so that it is stopped in winter. During this period, it is better to leave the adult plant alone, reducing not only nutrition, but also irrigation.

To develop a palm tree in an apartment, the plant needs regular feeding.

Insufficiently careful and thoughtful care of the plant provokes the occurrence of diseases. Excessive watering contributes to the development of fungal infections, under the influence of which the root system can rot. In potted cultivation, the coconut palm is affected by a number of pests, the most common of which are:

Scale insects;
Spider mites;
Mealybugs;
Thrips;
False scale insects.

To combat these insects, insecticides are used, the use of which is permitted indoors.

Growing and caring for a coconut palm at home is quite labor-intensive and time-consuming. But having received a healthy, beautiful specimen, you can rightfully be proud of it. Such an exotic plant is extremely attractive, decorative and unusual. It will definitely amaze guests and delight the hosts.

The coconut palm is the only species of the Coconut genus of the Palmaceae or Arecaceae family. The origin of the name “coconut” is associated with the times of the famous Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama due to the similarity of the nuts to the face of a monkey (soso). Malaysia is believed to be its homeland. Another name for the tree is lithocarium.

At home, with appropriate conditions and care, a coconut palm grows up to 6 meters. But in an unsuitable room it can withstand no more than two years. This plant is light-loving, so it feels more comfortable in winter gardens and greenhouses.

Edible oval ones are especially valued, large fruits(nuts) weighing up to 2.5 kg. In nature, the harvest is harvested twice - in the first half of summer and at the end of autumn. One tree produces an average of one hundred fruits per season.

In greenhouse conditions it is rarely possible to obtain a harvest. The domestic coconut palm is grown as an ornamental plant.

Interesting! Palm trees often grow on sea coasts, their nuts, thanks to their waterproof shell, can “travel” over long distances on the waves, while remaining edible and without losing their germination.

Varieties, varieties and forms with photos

Of the dozens of varieties of coconut palms (regular and dwarf), only a few can be grown at home:

Growing a coconut tree at home

Growing a coconut palm at home is done with the help of a fruit or nut. To the question of how many seeds are in a coconut palm fruit, there is a clear answer - only one. The process of its germination can last up to six months.

Only ripe, unpeeled fruit is suitable for germination. There should be a lot of liquid inside it. Before planting, the fruit is soaked for at least three days. For successful germination, special conditions are needed: a temperature close to 30 degrees. It is best to keep it in a greenhouse with constantly high humidity.

When a sprout appears from the nut, the fruit is placed in a container with soil, while its upper part remains above the ground.

Conditions for growing seedlings:

Reproduction and how germination is carried out

There are two main methods for germinating seeds:

In a container. It is often used in nurseries. Seeds are placed in large quantities in a large container. At home, you can put it in a greenhouse. The plants are easy to monitor and can be selectively transplanted into individual containers.

Germination in a closed bag. This method is more suitable for home grown palm trees In this case, seeds planted in moist (but not wet) peat are placed in a plastic bag, which is placed next to the heater. In addition to warmth, they need good lighting, ventilation and moderate moisture.

The composition and structure of the soil is especially important for young plants. It should be a light, well-drained mixture (preferably sandy loam) with a pH of 5.5-8. A successful composition would be equal parts of turf and leaf soil, humus, perlite, peat and tree bark. You can even grow palm trees in sand, but then pay special attention to feeding them.

Coconut can be sprouted at home in a bag or container.

Sometimes a palm tree produces daughter plants.

Reproduction by shoots is carried out as follows:

They are separated from a mature plant by cutting without disturbing its roots.
The shoot is planted in a peat-sand substrate and covered with a transparent greenhouse.
Rooting lasts up to 12 weeks. At this time they are watered little.
When a new shoot appears, the plant is ventilated daily, gradually increasing the time.
After the final removal of the greenhouse, watering is increased more frequently, and the seedlings are fed with organic matter once a month during watering.
The palm tree is transplanted into a large container next spring.

Interesting! The term "coconut" is not accurate. In reality, it is a drupe fruit with an outer, fibrous shell and an inner hard shell. It is equipped with three pores and three ovules. Only from one of them does the seed develop.

Features of home care

To grow a coconut palm, the following conditions are required:

Important. To avoid one-sidedness, the palm tree is turned twice a month.

Transplanting a plant

Young plants for better growth replanted annually. They do this in mid-spring. The new container should be only a couple of centimeters or 10% larger than the previous one.

The plant is removed from the tub with a lump of earth, only damaged roots are removed. The palm tree is planted at the same depth as before. The soil mixture and drainage layer should be the same as in the old place. If the roots are exposed or damaged during transplantation, then for better survival in the new place, some of the leaves of the palm tree are cut off.

Perennials that have reached 3-4 years of age are replanted only if necessary. A mature palm tree does not like to have its peace disturbed and its roots damaged. In response, it may stop growing.

Reference. It is interesting to know how long a coconut tree grows. Under natural conditions, tall varieties develop up to 80 years, and dwarf varieties - up to 40 years. In residential areas good care they continue to grow for 2-3 decades.

A grown palm tree must be replanted every year.

Diseases and pests of coconut trees and methods of combating them

Potted coconut trees can be affected by pests: scale insects, spider mites, mealybugs, thrips. Preventive measures include wet wiping of leaves. Young plants are “bathed” in a warm solution of Persian chamomile or green soap, and after some time they are washed off.

Pest control measures:

From scale insects and mealybug get rid of mechanical cleaning with a hard sponge and soap, spraying with a tobacco solution or (1 ml per liter of water).
From spider mite helps warm shower, soap solution, infusion of citrus peel or the same concentration of actellic.
In case of defeat powdery mildew isolate diseased plants and pollinate them wet with sulfur powder, repeating the treatment after 10 days.
Thrips and aphids are eliminated by spraying with 3% chlorophos or infusions of tobacco and ash.

Treatments with home remedies are also effective: infusions of chamomile, mustard, potato tops, onions, garlic and others. They are done three times with weekly breaks.

If the palm tree has been attacked by pests, the leaves are treated with special preparations.

Excessive watering threatens fungal diseases:

Yellowing of the crown is often an indicator of infection with phytoplasmosis. In this case, diseased plants are destroyed.
Black root rot, spotting, pink rot affect weakened plants. The leaves rot, the shoots wither, the trunk turns black, and pink spores appear. Fungicides based on thiophanate or methyl help against diseases. Spraying with preparations is carried out at weekly intervals until the plants recover.

You can see in the video detailed process germinating coconut at home.

Our grandmothers, growing garden strawberries, or strawberries, as we used to call them, did not particularly worry about mulching. But today this agricultural technique has become fundamental in achieving high quality berries and reducing crop losses. Some might say it's a hassle. But practice shows that labor costs in this case pay off handsomely. In this article we invite you to get acquainted with the nine the best materials for mulching garden strawberries.

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Forms, varieties and varieties

The coconut palm is the only representative of the Coconut genus. In the natural environment (tropics and subtropics) many varieties of this plant grow. For example, subspecies of coconut:

viridis, which has green fruits;
tall - typica;
dwarf forms - nana.

Coconut palm in natural conditions

Ornamental low-growing palm trees have also been bred, producing inedible yellow fruits. Varietal forms have nuts of various shades, the most common are:

Brown.
Green.
Orange.
Yellow, etc.

Types of Coconuts

Important. In nature, the coconut palm reaches 30 m in height. But at home, it will grow no more than 6 m. To grow in a tub, you must try to find a specially bred low-growing form that can please the eye for many years. Whereas the tall variety will live at home for no more than 7 years.

Coconut tree propagation, germination and planting

Planting a coconut

A coconut can only hatch at a temperature of about 30 °C. Air humidity should also be high. This is a very long process, it can take up to six months. Suitable conditions for germination can be created in a greenhouse or greenhouse. After the sprout appears, the fruit is placed in a tub with soil. Only the lower part is covered with the substrate, and the top of the nut should be above ground level. Imitating natural conditions. In their natural environment, coconut palms grow well in sand, but they can also grow in other soils.

Coconut tree sprout

Sprouting coconut requires patience and special conditions. If you don’t want to do this, you can always purchase a young plant of an ornamental variety at a garden center.

Features of care

A constant level of humidity is very important for the plant.

Important. An integral part of caring for a coconut tree growing in a tub is pruning. Remove broken, dried leaves. But leaf blades that have changed their color, darkened or slightly yellowed are left behind. Because the plant extracts the necessary nutritional compounds from them.

Fertilizers, fertilizing, typical diseases and pests

To develop a palm tree in an apartment, the plant needs regular feeding.

Insufficiently careful and thoughtful care of the plant provokes the occurrence of diseases. Excessive watering contributes to the development of fungal infections, under the influence of which the root system can rot. In potted cultivation, the coconut palm is affected by a number of pests, the most common of which are: