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During a trip to the Czech Republic, you should definitely stop by the ancient town of Chomutov, it is located in the Usti region. Every tourist who has been here at least once wants to come here again and again. Anyone will be captivated by the historical part of the city. Once a commercial center of the Czech Republic, it was taken over by the Teutonic Order in the 13th century. However, its rich history began in 1396, when it officially received city status. Since then, the city has been destroyed and rebuilt more than once, moving from one stage of development to another.

Modern life

Today, Khomutov is a resort town where you can not only study the rich history of the region, but also have a great vacation. It is noted that the city has a well-developed metallurgical, chemical and food industry. Also, local manufacturers never tire of producing ceramics and watches. Shopping lovers are offered a stroll through numerous boutiques, shops and large shopping centers. Here you can find almost everything, and at reasonable prices.

In the evenings, discos and nightclubs open their doors to local residents and guests of the city. Fans of live music can head to one of the city's wonderful jazz clubs. In addition, active tourists love to visit the sports complexes and stadiums of Khomutov, because sports are well developed here. Therefore, at any time of the day, this Czech town surprises with its rich recreation program.

Walking around the city

It is impossible to miss the amazing beauty of the city. And despite past destruction, the city itself has attractive architecture. Constant wars and destruction spared many architectural creations, which include the magnificent Church of St. Ignatius and St. Catherine. On several stone squares there are amazingly beautiful structures and buildings. And magnificent exhibitions are presented in the city Art Gallery and the Museum of Local Lore.

Numerous festivals, celebrations and exhibitions are held at different times of the year, and you can actively participate everywhere. The city has several cinemas and an excellent drama theatre. In spa centers you can relax in the evening after a walk around the sights, this will allow you to get benefits and pleasure. Comfortable hotels with first-class service are offered for accommodation. You can have a romantic dinner in all sorts of restaurants and taverns, although in the latter establishments you can have a good time with friends.

The city of Chomutov lies at the foot of the Ore Mountains in the north-west of the Czech Republic. Looking at the landscape dotted with coal mines, it seems that it is a typical industrial city, but the reality is pleasantly surprising. In fact, here you can not only stroll through the beautiful historical center, but also visit the local zoo, and also visit a one-of-a-kind lake.

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Story

The city probably got its name from a horse's collar. The first documentary mention of Khomutov dates back to 1252, when the settlement became the property of the Teutonic Order of Knights. In the second half of the 14th century, the settlement acquired defensive walls, which, however, did not prevent the Hussite troops from capturing and devastating the city in 1421. Khomutov was restored only in the second half of the 16th century, after which the Jesuits settled there. On the initiative of the order, a monastery was built here. In 1598, a major fire broke out in the city, which destroyed many buildings and houses. No less sad events awaited the Khomuts in the next few centuries, including the Thirty Years' War, the plague epidemic and the Napoleonic Wars.

The middle of the 19th century marked the beginning of an era of prosperity: Khomutov got rid of defensive walls, a railway was built, mining and metallurgical enterprises were opened, which predetermined its further development. Before the outbreak of World War II, the majority of the population was German, so the city belonged to the Sudeten Reichstag. After the liberation of Khomutov, the German population was expelled from the city. In the 60-70s, an extensive reconstruction of buildings located in the historical center was carried out, which allowed descendants to admire the ancient buildings for many decades.

Attractions

Square and town hall

In 1697, a plague pillar in the form of a baroque column was installed at the top of the main city square, called 1 May, and in the first half of the 18th century it was supplemented with seven statues of saints. Of much greater interest is the bright building adjacent to the Gothic Church of St. Catherine. Initially, this building served as the headquarters of the knightly order, but at the turn of the 15th-16th centuries it was rebuilt into a Renaissance castle, and from 1605 it served as the town hall. The building acquired its modern appearance in 1846. Today, the ground floor houses the Regional Museum, where you can get acquainted with the artistic and historical exhibition of Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque art; the second floor is occupied by the municipality.

Church of St. Catherine - Kostel svaté Kateřiny

Church of St. Catherine's Church is the most valuable historical monument of Khomutov and one of the very first Gothic churches in Europe. The transverse nave and presbytery of the 13th century have been preserved to this day in their original form. Since the end of the 18th century, the building served as a warehouse and required serious repairs. In 2000, after a long reconstruction and a two-hundred-year hiatus, the church was reopened to the public. You can visit the church as part of an excursion conducted by the Regional Museum. In addition, concerts and exhibitions are regularly held here.

Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and City Tower

This Gothic church, which was first mentioned in documents from 1330, stands directly opposite the historic town hall. In the 15th-16th centuries, a vaulted ribbed ceiling was created, a platform, a place for the choir, a presbytery and a chapel on the south side were built. In 1525, after a major fire, a 53-meter tower in the late Gothic style was added to the church. In the warm season it is used as an observation deck.

Church of Mary Church of Mary Church of Mary

Jesuit complex - Nádvoří jezuitského areálu

The complex of buildings of the former Jesuit college and gymnasium occupies the entire southern side of the historical center of the city. Its construction, on the initiative of Jiri Popel from Lobkowice, began in 1590 and lasted almost a century. After the dissolution of the order in 1773, the dormitories were converted into barracks, where soldiers lived until 1968. Other buildings were used by the city gymnasium until 1932. Currently, the Jesuit complex consists of the Church of St. Ignatz, the Granary (the city gallery is located here), the Arcade Court, the Center for Library and Cultural Services, as well as the former gymnasium building, which houses the Regional Museum.

Church of St. Ignace - Kostel svateho Ignace

Jesuit Church of St. Ignaza is an early Baroque building with two towers on the northern facade, built in 1668 according to the design of the Italian architect Carel Lurago. Since 1945, the church ceased to serve its intended purpose and gradually fell into disrepair. In 2000, the building was restored and transferred to the use of the Khomutov Center for Library and Cultural Services. The church not only hosts religious services, it is also used for exhibitions and concerts.

Church of Ignatz Church of Ignatz Church of Ignatz

Podkrušnohorský zoopark

Despite its relatively young age, the local zoo is the largest in the Czech Republic. In this unique corner of nature, covering an area of ​​almost 120 hectares, you can see seals, penguins, fallow deer, bison, bears, wolverines, wolves, monkeys, many species of birds and other representatives of the flora. A special contact mini-zoo and playground have been created for children. The site also includes the Stará Ves open-air museum, where you can get acquainted with the exhibition of agricultural machinery, see a real windmill, a chapel and an Old Slavic dwelling.

Today, combined tours around the Czech Republic appear on sale very often, and anyone can have a wonderful holiday in this country, visiting several of its cities at once.

Beautiful scenery, friendly and hospitable people - these are just the first impressions of the Czech Republic. This country, located in the center of Europe, is rich in many cities and architectural monuments, but I would especially like to mention the city of Khomutov. This small provincial town is located in the northern part of the Czech Republic (East Bohemia), not far from the border with Germany, and is not very inferior in age to Moscow. The city of Khomutov was first mentioned in documents dating back to the mid-13th century, but indigenous residents claim that the city dates back to the 11th century. Today, many combined tours around the Czech Republic include a visit to this city in their excursion program. And this is not at all surprising, because there are really a lot of interesting places here.

Throughout its long history, the city of Khomutov managed to be a trading city, belonged to the Teutonic Order, was part of one empire many times, then another, at one time was a free kingdom, was the center of the Jesuit Order, and was also part of the Roman Empire. It was destroyed and rebuilt many times. And each period of history has left its mark.

Here you will find magnificent architectural ensembles, colorful streets and many magnificent historical monuments. Not far from the town hall, built in the Baroque style, is the Cathedral of Saints Nicholas and Elizabeth, built in the Gothic style. This is how classicism and the Renaissance are combined. It is impossible to describe the elegance of the merchant houses and the Local History Museum; you have to see it for yourself.

Today the city of Chomutov is known for its colorful carnivals, folklore festival, and music evenings, which vividly reflect the national character traits and uniqueness of the Czech inhabitants, who are absolutely not similar to the features of Europeans and are so close to us. Czech beer is a separate topic, directly related to the history of the Czech Republic itself, since beer for a Czech is not just a drink, it is a subject of national treasure and pride.

The history of brewing is part of the national culture. Brewers of every Czech town carefully keep the secrets and recipes for preparing the amber drink. Authentic Khomutov beer can be tasted exclusively in Khomutov; you will not find it in any supermarket or in any country. Interestingly, the culture of drinking beer is of no small importance for the Czechs. Indeed, all types of national dishes are combined with beer, and each dish is served with a specific type of beer. Thanks to this, Czech cuisine is considered one of the most unique and diverse in the world.

The city of Chomutov is rich in tennis courts, swimming pools and other attributes of a city that values ​​and respects its guests. You can visit the zoo, especially if you come with children, or wander along the picturesque banks of the Uzka River. If you're hungry, stop by the nearest tavern; there are a huge number of them in the city, each with its own signature dish that you won't find anywhere else.

When you return home, you will long be haunted by pleasant memories of your holiday in Khomutov. You will definitely want to visit the city of Khomutov again. It is worth noting that a trip here will cost you no more than tours to Prague without excursions, and you will relax in Chomutov no worse. And it is not surprising that after visiting here at least once, you will definitely want to come back here again. After all, in this town you can have a great rest at any time of the year.

On the lands of the Usti region in the Czech Republic there is a city Khomutov- one of the regional centers of the Czech Republic. It is a railway transport hub. In the vicinity of the city, coal mining and development is underway. A number of industrial enterprises operate in Khomutov, in particular metallurgical and machine tool factories. The food and chemical industries are developed. The city is famous for the production of watches and ceramic tableware.

Documentary sources testify to the existence of Khomutov in 1252. At that time it was part of the possession of the Teutonic Order. The settlement received its city rights in 1396. In the first quarter of the 15th century, power in the city passed to its new owner, Wenceslas IV, the Holy Roman Emperor. In the spring of 1421, hordes of Taborites burst into the city. In a short time, city buildings and structures were destroyed. Fires were burning all over the city. In 1588, the Jesuits settled in the newly restored settlement. Chomutov became a free royal city in 1605.

As a legacy from bygone eras, contemporaries inherited some of the historical buildings, among which the churches of St. Catherine and St. Ignat, built in the Gothic style, stand out. Not far from the city center near Kamenzovo Lake there is a zoo. Its territory is home to animals from North Africa, the Arctic and polar regions. One of the areas of the park is the breeding of reindeer and fallow deer. Employees of the local zoo were the first in the Czech Republic to raise pelicans.

Flag and coat of arms of the city

Khomutov

The city of Chomutov, in German Komotau, located in the north-west of the Czech Republic in the Usti region, has been a city with its own status since July 1, 2006. Occupies an area of ​​29.26 square meters. km, has 50,782 (2008) inhabitants and is the 20th city in the Czech Republic in terms of population, the fourth in the Usti region and the largest city in the Chomutov region. Postal code 43000.

Location and natural conditions

The city with a historical center on the left bank of the Khomutovka River at an altitude of 340 m above sea level, is located in the Khomutovsko-Teplitskaya (Mostovoy) basin at the foot of the Ore Mountains. The terrain is mostly flat, only the outskirts of the city in the north and northeast approach the mountain slopes, several tens of meters long. In the northeast, the development is adjacent to the town of Jirkov.

City `s history

Chomutov was first mentioned on March 29, 1252, when Bedřich Načeradów of Chomutov donated the town to the Order of German Knights, who set up their camp here in 1264. Due to the large number of German settlers who arrived on their estate, a saying of that time arose: “There are people everywhere, in Chomutov there are Germans.” The original wooden fence was replaced by stone fortress walls in the second half of the 14th century. In 1396, Albrecht of Dube granted the city a seal with a sign. The German knights held the Chomut estate until 1411, until after the Battle of Grunwald it was taken away by King Wenceslas IV (with the exception of the patronage of the churches). On March 16, 1421, Khomuty was captured and captured by the Hussites. After this, the city changed noble owners; the last were the Hasisteins of Lobkowice, who in the city, the very first place in the Czech Republic, promoted strict re-Catholicization (a Jesuit college was founded here in 1589).

In 1591, the townspeople rebelled against the Jesuits and captured their residence, for which their two leaders were executed. After the conviction of Jiří Popel the Elder of Lobkowice in 1594, Rudolf II confiscated Chomutov from him. In 1605, the residents of Khomutov bought the city from their citizenship, and since then it has become royal.

From the 16th to the 18th centuries, alum stone was mined near Khomutov. The remnant of this development is the present Kamentsovo, a lake on the eastern edge of the city. At the turn of the 50s and 60s of the 18th century, an imperial road was built connecting Khomutov with Prague, along which construction developed on the right bank of Khomutovka. Although Chomutov was located near this important road to Saxony, it grew slowly until the mid-19th century. Changes came in the 70s of the 19th century with the connection to the railway leading along the Ore Mountains to Prague.

At this time, brown coal mines were opened near Khomutov, and in 1870 a metallurgical plant was founded, which after 1887 became famous as the Mannesmann Pipe-Rolling Plant; Seamless steel pipes were first produced here in 1890. To the pipe-rolling plant, located on the eastern outskirts of the city, in 1917 the arms branch of Poldi from Kladno was added, which after the war was also converted into a mining industry. In 1928, Horni Ves (now the northwestern urban area) was annexed to Chomutov. After 1945, the eviction of a large part of the Germans, who previously made up the majority of the population, was carried out. In the 60-80s. In the 20th century, the city was significantly rebuilt, fortunately, without touching the historical core, which has been a zone of architectural monuments since 1992.

Population growth

• 1702 — 1129;
• 1811 — 2967;
• 1843 — 4014;
• 1869 — 8183;
• 1880 — 11.707;
• 1900 — 19.813;
• 1921 - 20,894 (of which 1,869 or 8.9% were of Czech nationality);
• 1930 - 33,001 (of which 4,442 or 13.5% were of Czech nationality);
• 1950 — 28.848;
• 1970 — 39.905;
• 1991 — 53.107;
• 2004 — 50.176;
• 2008 — 50.782.

The city's attractions

The center of the historical city is the elongated, arcaded Square of the 1st of May, with the Baroque column of the Holy Trinity by Ambrose Laurentiis of 1697, surrounded by seven sculptures of saints, work of 1725-1732.

On the northwest side of the square stands the building of the original Komenda, an order (later castle), which has been the city hall since 1607. Adjacent to the town hall is the most valuable city building - the Early Gothic Church of St. Catherine, completed in 1281.

On the opposite side of the northern part of the square stands the Late Gothic Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, 1518-1542, and next to it is the City Tower, 53 m high, built after the great fire of the city in 1525, which serves as an observation deck in the summer.
At the southern end of the square stands the early Baroque church of St. Ignatz with two towers on the northern façade, built for the Jesuits by Carlo Lurago in 1663-1671. Adjacent to the eastern side of the church is the so-called “Speichar” (barn), a building from the beginning of the 17th century in which the Jesuits had their original church. Now serves as a gallery. Next to the Church of St. Ignatz on the southern part of the square is the Jesuit College, built at the turn of the 16th-17th centuries, now the Regional Museum.

Of the Gothic town houses, the late Gothic por house is especially worthy of mention. No. 9, called Collinov, on the north-eastern part of the square.

Kamenzovo Lake, a water area at an altitude of 337 m above sea level on the northeastern outskirts of Khomutov, was formed at the end of the 18th century as a result of flooding of the territory after the extraction of alum shale in 1558 - 1785. Dimensions 240 x 676 m, the lake covers an area of ​​16.3 hectares, maximum depth 3.25 m, volume 285,000 m³.

A large amount (about 1%) of alum stone in the water of Kamenets Lake makes it a small “Dead Sea”, because it prevents the growth of algae. Therefore, it is very popular for swimming in the summer months.

Podkrushnogorsk Zoo is adjacent to Lake Kamentsov on the north side. This zoo specializes in keeping European and especially local wild animals (wolf, bison, etc.). Chomutov Zoo is the largest zoo in the Czech Republic in terms of area.

The Bezruchova Valley, 13 km long, 200 m deep, covered with forest, located northwest of the city, is a favorite tourist destination. In 2002 it was declared a natural park.
The peak of Strazhishte (511 m above sea level) rises above the northern outskirts of Chomutov. At the top there is a hotel with an observation tower.

Division of the city and microdistricts

The city of Chomutov consists of two of the two cadastral territories - Chomutov I and Chomutov II.
The largest microdistrict of Khomutov is called Brzezenetska, it is home to about 13,000 people. It contains the tallest buildings in the city, for example, the so-called experiments 1, 2, 3 with a height of 70 m, then a post office, a gym, a pharmacy, etc. The microdistrict was built over 10 years; previously there were meadows, forests and swamps here, and now the largest microdistrict of Khomutov stands.

The microdistricts of Brzezenetska (Martovsky), Kamenna (Kamenny), Zahradni (Sadovy), Piseczna (Pesochny) connect Chomutov with Yirov into an agglomeration with a population of more than 70 thousand people.

Management territory

Khomutov is a district town, as well as a settlement with expanded activities and authorized municipal government. The Khomutov district consists of 44 settlements, ORP of 25 settlements.

Trade

There are many shops and shopping centers in the city, for example, the Chomutov Trade Park (Baumax, Kaufland, Takko, Jysk, Asko...), several more stores are being built here. Further here: Globus, Baumarkt, trading house Prior, Billa, and in the building under construction Central Chomutov (already built). The Penny, Plus, and Tesco retail chains have their stores here.

Personalities

• Ernst Fischer (1899–1972), Austrian writer and communist politician, minister of culture;
• František Joseph Gerstner (1756–1832), professor of mathematics and mechanics;
• Hans Goldmann (1899–1991), Swiss ophthalmologist, rector of the university in Bern;
• Erich Geller (1911–1990), British philosopher, essayist, professor at Northwestern University in Evanston (Illinois, USA);
• Jiří Žáček (1945), Czech poet, writer and translator;
• Vlastimil Garapes (1946), Czech dancer, director and choreographer;
• Jiri Hromada (1958) Czech actor and famous stunt double.

Transport

Highways No. 7 (Prague - Slany - Louny - Chomutov - St. Sebastian's Mountain) and No. 13 (Karlovy Vary - Ostrov - Klasterec nad Ohri - Chomutov - Most - Teplice - Decin - Novy Bor) pass through the city.

Railway lines connected to Khomutov:

• No. 120 (Prague - Kladno - Žatec - Chomutov);
• No. 130 (Usti nad Labem - Bilina - Most - Khomutov);
• No. 137 (Khomutov - Veyprty - Byarenstein);
• No. 140 (Khomutov - Kadan - Karlovy Vary - Sokolov - Cheb).

City public transport

Urban transportation is carried out by buses, and since 1995 also by trolleybuses (the newest trolleybus service in the Czech Republic). The operator of 13 bus and 10 trolleybus lines is the Transport Enterprise of the cities of Chomutov and Jirkov (a joint stock company in which the city with its own status of Chomutov has a share of 84.16% and the city of Jirkov has a share of 15.84%).

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