How to apply decorative plaster to walls. The nuances of applying decorative plaster. Using the possibilities of decorative plaster

– one of the popular methods of finishing walls, ceilings, individual elements V modern renovation. This cladding allows you to create a single, seamless decorative surface, imitating different textures, reliefs, convex patterns and natural materials. When finished, the mixture is paste-like, so it is quite easy to apply to straight, round and curved surfaces.

In the article we will talk about the technology of working with this type of solution, and suggest interesting methods of application. decorative plaster with our own hands, video and photographic materials will help us illustrate the original finds.

Features of decorative plaster

Artistic plaster can be divided into two types: decorative and. In the first, the decorative effect is achieved by in various ways forming a pattern: curly strokes, applying layers of different thicknesses, using devices; in the second, the relief appears due to the inclusion of different grain sizes in the composition of the plaster.

Wall decoration with decorative plaster, photo of traventine relief on walls with double coating of paint and washing off the top layer

Walls made of dry plaster or plasterboard must be impregnated with a water-repellent primer, the joints must be glued with reinforcing tape, and the surface must be leveled with finishing putty.

All joints and cracks must be covered with mortar and taped with reinforcing tape.

If the walls are freshly plastered with ordinary plaster, then they should be allowed to dry for 4-5 weeks, until the layer is completely formed. Next, it depends on the type of decorative plaster chosen for finishing. If it is coarse-grained, with a pronounced relief, then it is not necessary to putty the walls; if it has a fine fraction, it is better to apply thin putty to the walls.

General rule

Putty walls must be sanded with a fine abrasive, thoroughly sweeping away the dust formed after sanding. Next, a primer is applied to increase the adhesion of surfaces. After drying, for many types of plasters it is necessary to apply a base, opaque coat of primer, usually white or gray, sometimes tinted for finishing.

Watch the tutorial on how to properly apply decorative plaster; the video demonstrates in detail all the stages of preliminary work.

Do-it-yourself decorative plaster is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. Wall decoration with decorative plaster is now gaining great popularity. This option has become a serious competitor to conventional wallpaper when carrying out repairs. There are different types of plaster for interior decoration premises. The main difference is the texture and method of application.

Types of decorative plaster can be as follows:

structural, which contains inclusions of a certain size;
textured, which allows you to form a smooth relief surface;
Venetian, imitating marble.

Before applying decorative plaster, you need to carefully study the features of each option and application technology.

Structural

Methods for applying decorative plaster to obtain a structure involve the use of heterogeneous granular compositions. A type of material is obtained by adding small pebbles, quartz fragments, wood fibers, etc. to the plaster. The finishing material is made from cement and limestone. Synthetic latexes or silicates are also added to the composition. It is better to select the composition from ready-made mixtures. This is the only way to achieve good results. When mixing the components yourself, a good result is not guaranteed.

To prepare high-quality plaster, it is better to use ready-made mixtures

Finishing walls with textured plaster is easier if you use compositions based on aqueous solvents. This is due to the fact that before applying decorative plaster with your own hands, you will not have to “evacuate” the apartment’s residents. The water-based material does not have a strong odor.

Finishing walls with plaster of this type is easy. This is due to the high ductility of the material and its obedience during operation. The technology for applying decorative plaster is simple and convenient. The work can be completed immediately. There is no need to prepare the mixture, since it is sold already in liquid form in jars or buckets.

Using decorative plaster you can create any structure in different shades

The application technique is as follows:

You need to prepare materials and tools for decorative plaster. For the structural composition you will need a roller, trowel or spatula.
Before laying decorative plaster, you need to prepare the surface. A perfectly flat base is not necessary. The thickness of the plaster layer and its structure can hide minor defects. First, the surface is cleaned of dirt, dust and grease. After this, the bulges are knocked down and large cracks and potholes are covered.
A clean and dry base is strengthened with a primer. With him decorative paints and the plasters will stick to the surface better. This layer also prevents the exchange of moisture between the base and the finishing material. You can begin applying decorative plaster yourself only after the wall primer has completely dried.
The principle of the work performed is suitable for all compositions: mineral, silicone or silicate based. Plastering is carried out using a trowel or spatula in one layer. The coating is applied to the wall using circular or linear movements.
After application, the layer must be allowed to dry. At the same time, it is necessary to control that the room maintains a constant temperature and humidity, and that there are no drafts. Failure to comply with these rules can lead to deterioration in the quality of the decorative layer and the appearance of cracks.

To apply the composition and create a structure, use a roller or spatula

Do-it-yourself structural decorative plaster of walls is perfect for finishing common rooms, for example, an entrance hall, a kitchen or a corridor. In some interiors, it can harmoniously fit into the space of a bedroom or living room.

Before starting work, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions. It indicates a more specific application technique and how to use the material correctly.

Textured

The method of applying decorative plaster with your own hands allows you to obtain an original texture. The boundary between textured and structural plasters is drawn rather arbitrarily. Methods for applying the composition in question make it possible to obtain complex options. For example, imitation wood, crinkled paper, natural stone.

Imitation stone

Option will do for almost any room. Making decorative plaster of a textured type allows you to support any design.

Most often, lime flour is added to the composition as the main ingredient. But you can also find polymer-based plasters. Polymers improve performance characteristics. This composition does not crack when dried. In work, polymers allow you to create a more relief and interesting pattern.

The finishing properties largely depend on the fillers. Fibers of different materials, granite or marble chips are introduced into the textured solution. The consumption of decorative plaster largely depends on the complexity of the chosen pattern.

Textured plaster can be selected to suit any design

How to apply textured decorative plaster:

Before applying the solution correctly, you will need to prepare the base. The inner surface is treated in almost the same way in all cases. Here the requirements are the same as for the structural composition: absence of contamination and severe unevenness.
Before working with decorative plaster, you need to coat the wall with a primer. This layer should be allowed to dry.
After the primer, a base paint is used, which is applied with a brush. There are compositions on sale that combine two functions: a primer and a substrate. They are worth buying to reduce time costs and simplify the process.
Decorative wall plaster, the application technology of which involves the use of a spatula, trowel or brush, is laid in 1-2 layers. The thickness depends on the complexity of the terrain. The more interesting it is, the more solution will be required. It is not recommended to apply a layer thicker than 20 mm at a time.
A master class on decorative plaster is worth completing finishing layer. Transparent paints, which are also called glaze paints, are used as such a composition. They not only protect the surface, but also give it a pleasant pearlescent shine. Options for applying decorative plaster can also consider using paint, impregnation or special wax as a final layer.

Decorative plaster, the pros and cons of which should be read separately, will give the premises a complete and unique look. The advantage of this composition is its high plasticity and the ability to give the finished surface a rather complex texture. But the medal also has back side: difficulty of application. Getting an original drawing is not so easy. You may first need to take a master class on applying decorative plaster from an experienced craftsman.

This will help you understand how to plaster correctly and efficiently. brick walls inside the house and surfaces made of other materials.

Venetian

This type of decorative plaster for interior work allows you to get an imitation of marble. The texture turns out very beautiful. The material is perfect for almost any room.

Imitation marble

The composition is sold in ready-made liquid form. The weight of a can or bucket usually ranges from 7 to 25 kg. The plaster contains marble flour and slaked lime. An aqueous emulsion is used, which avoids unpleasant odor when applied.

Before plastering brick walls, you will need to level them. Decorative plaster can be applied to the walls only after the base is perfect. This type of material does not tolerate shortcomings. This is the difficulty of working with Venetian plaster.

If necessary, the solution can be painted in any color. With this plaster you can create amazing mosaics or entire paintings with your own hands. The advantages also include environmental friendliness and safety. The composition is suitable even for the bedroom. The surface is fireproof and wear-resistant. After application, the layer dries quite quickly.

Venetian plaster allows you to finish the walls like marble

Training in decorative techniques may look like this:

First you should prepare the materials and tools for applying decorative plaster. Here you will need a medium-sized spatula and sandpaper with very small particles.
After cleaning the surface, begin leveling the base. It must be perfect. First of all, get rid of chips. After this, you need to smooth out the cracks and depressions using cement-sand mortar or putty. To eliminate defects as much as possible, apply a leveling layer of Portland cement-based plaster. The thickness of the layer is determined depending on the severity of base defects. On average, 20 mm will be enough. Evenness is controlled using the beacon rule. To do this, before starting work, special strips with a certain pitch are installed on the wall. Another option for leveling is plasterboard sheets.
The leveling layer must be allowed to dry. After this, you can apply the primer. This will allow the finishing material to better adhere to the wall.
Venetian plaster is tinted before application. After this, take a spatula and begin to apply the mass to the base with thin strokes. The entire surface must be treated. If necessary, the solution is applied in several layers. The maximum thickness per application cannot exceed 12 mm.
After application, allow time to dry. It is important to control the temperature and humidity conditions. It is recommended to close doors and windows to prevent drafts. Violating this rule will result in cracks appearing on the surface when drying.
When the surface is dry, begin cleaning. To do this you will need sandpaper. The work is performed in a circular motion. Everything should be done very carefully.
The last stage is protection. The finished layer must be coated with special white wax in one layer.

The Venetian plaster finishing technique involves applying the mass in small strokes

Which is better?

There is no exact answer to this answer. Each case must be considered separately. In one case, the plaster will be better structural, and in the other, textured. The choice should be made depending on the interior of the room. But it is worth taking into account the experience of the master and his skill. Before choosing decorative plaster, you need to objectively assess your capabilities. For example, an option such as Venetian coating is not for everyone.

Creating the texture of marble chips

Application to ceilings

When renovating your home, you need to take care of more than just the walls. Carrying out work on the ceiling is more labor intensive. Here you will have to constantly raise your head, which can be very tiring. General principle practically no different from the technology for walls.

The thickness of the plaster layer on the ceiling is 5 mm

There is only one difference. If on the wall maximum thickness layer for a structural and textured mixture is 20 mm, then on the ceiling it decreases to 5 mm. To level the base, it is recommended to use drywall rather than special compounds.

Doing it yourself may seem erroneous, since people who are far from construction believe that this is a very complex process. They invite specialists and pay for their expensive services. Indeed, the embodiment of exclusive design solutions requires experience and skills, but even a novice finisher can lay standard textured plaster. Let's talk about how to do everything right.

Features of the technology of applying decorative plaster

For finishing work they are very diverse. With their help, you can get a pronounced or slightly noticeable relief, imitation of the most different surfaces, bas-reliefs and even complex paintings either. Each result will require a special composition and possibly special tool. But the installation technology is generally the same. Let's consider its main stages.

Preparing the base. It begins with cleaning the base from the remnants of the old coating, if there was any. Then everything is washed thoroughly. All large cracks and other defects are repaired. This is done using putty into the cracks. The base may need to be washed and dried thoroughly.
. A mandatory procedure that is carried out to improve the properties of the rough surface. A properly selected composition will prepare it for subsequent work, improve the adhesion of the finish to the base and reduce the absorbency of the latter. In addition, if necessary, you can select a drug with special additives: fungicides, etc. The product is applied in one or two layers, after which you will need to wait for it to dry completely.
Leveling the wall. Starter plaster is applied to it. Its peculiarity lies in the presence of a filler of large fractions, usually sand. This allows you to effectively level out even significant unevenness. Selected for interior and exterior work different material. If necessary, it is applied in several layers. At the end of the procedure, it takes time for it to completely harden.
Padding. Applying another coat of primer is not necessary, but is strongly recommended. This will make it possible to maximize the adhesion of the two types of plaster mixtures. This finish will last a long time and will not crumble or crack. The primed surface must dry completely.
Application of texture. It forms the surface relief. Can be applied in one layer or several. It all depends on the technology used. For example, a multi-layer coating, and a “coat” can be formed from one layer. Each of them must be thoroughly dried before applying the next one.
Final finishing. If pigment has not been added to the composition, the finished coating will have a gray color. Therefore, at the final stage it is painted. This is done in such a way as to maximize the surface relief. Various tinting technologies using several colors are used. Everything ends with the application of construction wax or varnish. They protect the surface and give it an even more attractive appearance.

And one more important point. The finish can be applied to almost any substrate, but you should choose the right primer. For concrete and similar materials, a deep penetration composition will be required, for drywall it is worth choosing an adhesive preparation, etc.

4 simple ways to apply decorative plaster

Professionals use a variety of techniques for working with plaster paste. A novice master should master the simplest of them, gain experience and gradually move on to more complex options. Let's look at the most accessible methods.

1. Spatula and trowel

With the help of these tools, the Venetian is laid, an imitation of rough or polished stone of various types is created, and the texture is highlighted. It all depends on the working methods. We offer a small master class.

Using a spatula, place it on the trowel small portion mixture and distribute it over the base with strokes. The arm can move straight or in an arc. The paste strokes are overlapped. We try to perform the same type of movements so that the relief is uniform.
The trimming technique is interesting. The trowel is pressed tightly against the wet solution and then sharply pulled back. The result is an interesting texture, in its simplest form reminiscent of a fur coat. The movements of the trowel can be varied by turning it in different directions.

Trimming is carried out during the laying process, or a layer of paste is first applied, and then the entire surface is formed using this technique. Sometimes the technique is used fragmentarily, then an interesting heterogeneous relief is obtained

2. Roller

For those who don’t yet know how to apply it to the walls themselves, we can advise using a roller. This is perhaps the simplest of all possible options. First you need to decide on the texture that you would like to get as a result. Then a roller with the desired pattern is selected. It can be an original pattern, imitation of textiles, leather, wood, etc.

Alternatively, you can prepare the tool yourself. To do this, we wrap rope, film, coarse cloth, etc. around the rotating part of any paint roller. Working with such a tool is very simple.

We plaster the wall with decorative paste in an even layer 2-4 mm thick.
We take a roller and roll it in one direction from one edge of the fragment to the other, leaving a clear impression. We try to apply the same force so that the depth of the relief does not change.
Using a wet trowel, smooth out the protrusions and lightly rub in the set mortar.

With a roller. A tool with a long-haired coat is dipped in the liquid mixture and rolled over the base. An overview of the various rollers can be seen in the video.

3. Sponge, cloth, polyethylene

To obtain an invoice, the most various items. For example, a foam sponge, which helps to obtain reliefs of different shapes and depths. The step-by-step instructions look something like this.

Apply an even base coat of finish and use a trowel.
We take a sponge, put a small amount of solution on it and put it on the surface with light strokes. By changing the directions of movements we get textural variety.
We wait until the paste sets, after which we lightly smooth the tops of the decor with a spatula or trowel.

Fabric is used in a similar way, but there are other options. For example, a canvas with a clear structure is pressed against wet plaster, leaving a clear impression. You can do it yourself using plastic film.

Sometimes, due to non-compliance with technology or for other reasons, defects appear already in the process of laying the mass. These may be swellings, blisters or cracks. Defects may appear much later. In any case, you have to think about how to fix decorative plaster that was poorly applied. This can only be done in one way: remove the damaged area of the coating and re-lay the finishing material.

You need to correct flaws very carefully so as not to accidentally enlarge the damaged fragment. During repair work, these rules should be followed.

Corners or joints that fall inside the area cleared of the spoiled mixture must be additionally reinforced with a special mesh.
If the solution is prepared independently, the proportions recommended by the manufacturer should be strictly followed. Pay attention to the consistency of the mass, which must correspond to the norm.
Do not apply too much mixture to the fragment being repaired. It is laid down little by little.
To prevent drying out and, as a consequence, cracking of the material layer, it is periodically moistened during work.

Solving the problem of how to apply decorative plaster may not be so difficult if you study the techniques in advance and practice on a small fragment of the wall. To make it clear, you should take advantage of the lessons of masters online or learn from the experience of familiar professionals, if possible.

There are many ways to apply decorative plaster so that the apartment looks stylish, individual and modern. A wide selection of imported and domestic mixtures with various additives gives the designer the opportunity to imitate reptile skin, silk fabrics, and different types of finishing stone.

Some methods of applying decorative plaster with your own hands are so simple to implement that they can be accessible even to a person who has the most general understanding of working with such mixtures.

Regardless of what technique of applying decorative plaster will be used to decorate the room, the entire process is divided into several main parts. Each stage is important to obtain an ideal result at the end of the repair, so you need to treat the work very responsibly.

When conducting decorative finishing perform the following steps:

Before working with decorative plaster, the walls should be leveled. Putty for compositions with a fine-grained structure (liquid wallpaper, Venetian plaster, etc.) must be carried out painstakingly, destroying the slightest potholes and irregularities. Under textured mixtures with large inclusions (bark beetle, rain beetle, travertino, etc.) and under plaster with a relief surface (leather, Versailles, floral, etc.), you can perform the usual leveling with finishing gypsum putty.
The application of primers strengthens the leveling layer and increases the adhesion of the decorative mixture. This makes the coating durable and resistant to external factors.
Working with decorative plaster consists of 1-3 independent steps. It depends on the chosen technique. In some cases, it is necessary to apply a base layer, dry it and only then apply the texture. Sometimes it is necessary to apply 2 textured layers to create the effect of volume and transparency of the decorative coating. In the simplest versions, the plaster solution is applied only once, and then it is decorated.
Glazing is making the finished surface smooth and shiny. For this stage, varnishes or special wax are used. Sometimes, before glazing, the surface is painted, glitter is added, and silver or gilding is performed.

After coating with varnish or wax, the walls acquire moisture-resistant properties. But some types of decorative plaster (gypsum putties, Venetian, liquid wallpaper) are not suitable for use in wet rooms even after application protective coating. Cement-based compositions can also be used for finishing bathrooms or toilets with any type of textured coating.

What will you need for the job?

The main thing that allows you to create amazingly beautiful wall decoration options is the plaster mixture. Depending on the brand and manufacturer, it may contain large or small inclusions: marble chips and powder, quartz sand of different fractions, silk fibers, sparkles, gold grains. Thus, the texture of the finished coating can be very different.

Binders, which make it possible to form a continuous thin layer of plaster and hold it on the wall, are less numerous. Most types of textured mixtures are made on the basis of gypsum or lime; white cement is used for outdoor work and wet rooms. One of modern materials for decorative base plaster mixture– acrylic. In addition to binders, the composition may also include additional additives for plasticizing the solution.

Choose textured plaster into your home is quite simple. It is advisable to know the name of the equipment that will be used during finishing. Consultants of trade organizations will help you choose a dry or ready-made mixture in a suitable price range. The most simple types finishing can be done using conventional gypsum putty.

When choosing decorative textured plaster in a store, you need to take care of purchasing working tools. You may need:

construction spatula, metal;
trowel;
sandpaper;
paint rollers (with pile and foam);
textured rollers (if necessary);
small brush.

If you want the wall covering to be colored, you need to purchase a color scheme for decorative plaster. All mixtures are produced without coloring and become white when applied. IN hardware store You need to purchase primer, varnishes or wax. To imitate reptile skin, you will need special stamps or roller attachments.

To decorate the surface you can use the most ordinary materials. To create a beautiful texture, you can use a wet cloth and polyethylene, a foam sponge and a round plastic dishwasher, a thick rope or cord. The decor can even be applied with your own hands wearing rubber gloves.

How to make a textured coating from putty?

Among the variety of decorative plaster, the types and methods of application of which differ depending on the desired effect, the simplest option can be considered textures made from gypsum putty. The affordable material allows you to imitate finishing stone and leather and create a relief pattern of any degree of complexity. For work, it is better to use finishing mixtures, but in some cases you can combine them with starting mixtures in a 1:1 ratio. Mix the solution by adding the dry mixture to water according to the manufacturer's instructions.

To create a base, you need to put a thin layer of putty on a leveled and primed wall. The thickness of the coating for relief plaster is 2-5 mm. Work should begin from the bottom, stretching the mortar along the wall with long strokes. After covering a small area (1-2 m²) with putty, apply the relief without waiting for the mixture to set.

The simplest working tool is a wad of rag wrapped in plastic film, – will allow you to create a decorative floral texture of the coating. To cut, you need to press the tool to the surface and use your hand to make a rotational movement, tearing the polyethylene away from the plaster. The result is a complex spiral curl, rising above the general level. Arranging the same prints randomly or in a randomly chosen order, you need to cover the entire square with relief patterns similar to roses or peonies.

Repeat the process on the adjacent section of the wall. When connecting the edges of the squares, you need to make a small overlap (5 cm) onto the already formed surface. When applying the texture, the joint will be naturally disguised. Once the entire wall has been plastered and finished, it should be allowed to set for 24 hours.

You need to cover the wall with a layer of paint (acrylic, water-based), carefully rolling it out with a roller. Let dry for 2-3 hours. After this, use a metal spatula to polish the surface, smoothing out too much protruding peaks remaining on the coating. This also removes some of the paint, exposing the light base layer. As a result, the floral pattern appears brighter on the wall.

Options for putty textures

A variation of the technique is to create a wavy pattern of lines left on the wet plaster with your own fingers. Using a round plastic sponge will leave ring-shaped marks, while a sponge with large holes will create a surface reminiscent of shagreen leather. The relief can also be applied with a roller on which a cord is wound. In this case, a pattern similar to intertwining stems of grass will remain on the wall.

To imitate reptile skin, use store-bought stamps or roller attachments. A crocodile skin or snake scale pattern is quite easy to create, but after the plaster has dried, it will have to be painted twice to highlight the depth of the pattern. The layers of paint should differ slightly in shade, and the top one will have to be applied very carefully, trying to shade only the protruding parts of the “scales”. In addition, you can add gilding or glitter, applying them in fragments using a soft sponge.

How is Versailles plaster made?

The luxury of the palace halls of Paris can be accessible even to a novice master. The technology for applying decorative plaster "Versailles" is very simple to implement. For these purposes, use ordinary gypsum putty, mixing starting and finishing grades 1:1.

Cover the prepared wall with soil and let it dry. Step-by-step master class for applying decorative plaster with your own hands it looks like this:

Apply the solution onto the wall using short, chaotic strokes. The plaster layer can be about 3 mm. It is better to start from the corners and joints of the wall and ceiling or floor, and then cover free space on a plot of 1-2 m². The base can be leveled a little.
Using a large trowel or trowel, apply the relief with wave-like movements, using the entire plane of the tool. When moving the trowel and tearing it off, chaotic streaks will result. Moving on to the next section, overlap the finished plaster, and for continuity of the pattern, slightly stretch the mortar onto the existing one. When acquiring a skill, the master will be able to see for himself where the pattern needs to be corrected.
Dry the wall for about 2 days.
Use a metal spatula to move along the surface, lightly pressing the tool. When polishing, the sharp parts of the relief are removed, the texture becomes more even. Finally polish with medium sandpaper.
Remove dust and prime the wall with a compound suitable for acrylic paints.
Paint the entire surface with a medium-nap roller, being careful not to leave any light areas. Dry for several hours.
Dilute the powder for gilding or silvering in acrylic varnish or primer. Apply the composition with a foam roller. Gilding should be applied only to the convex parts, so the tool must be rolled out well before work. After this layer has dried, apply varnish with added glitter to add extra shine and protect against moisture.

A wall finished in this way can withstand wet cleaning with a soft cloth.

Decorative limestone putty

A variant of the Versailles technology can be called imitation of limestone slabs. To complete the finishing, after applying the base coat, the wet plaster must be forced to form numerous small peaks. This is done by pressing the trowel with its entire plane against the model mass, and then tearing it off perpendicular to the wall. Without waiting for the composition to set, you need to smooth out the peaks, leaving the texture in the depths in the form of depressions and recesses.

The plastic composition allows you to redo unsuccessful areas. An ugly piece can be smoothed out, new peaks made and their tops processed again. Applying texture is creative activity, in which what the master likes can be considered correct.

Paint the dried wall by hand, rubbing in acrylic paint tinted to the desired shade with a sponge. The dye will be darker in the recesses and lighter on the surface. The effect can be enhanced by using a composition of a lighter shade, applied only to convex areas.

How to work with textured plasters?

This type of mixture includes those that contain inclusions of different fractions. The decorative effect of techniques such as bark beetle or rain is based on the effect of scratching the binder with hard grains of marble or quartz.

From a fine-grained mixture you can make a very beautiful texture - grotto. To make it, you will need ready-made plaster paste with marble or dolomite chips with a fraction of about 1-2 mm and a little Venetian mixture for applying a decorative layer. It is best to glaze such a coating with special wax, which gives the decor transparency and a slight shine of polished stone.

There is nothing inaccessible in the technology of decorative plaster using the grotto method. The algorithm of actions is as follows:

Apply pre-painted textured plaster paste to the primed wall. The layer should be very thin, the thickness of the filler fraction. When throwing it, you need to stretch it very well with a trowel.
After the wall has dried within 24 hours, apply the 2nd layer. To do this, apply a certain amount of model mass to the trowel. Pressing the tool to the surface, make peculiar islands from the protruding particles of the mixture. Their location can be chaotic, in in the right places you can add a little paste. Trimming should be done in small sections, not allowing the mixture to dry out too much.
Using a wide spatula or trowel, smooth out the protruding areas to form even islands. When smoothing, you need to press lightly on the tool. Movements should be performed in different directions, in a wave-like manner.
Dry the surface for 5 minutes and smooth it again with a wide trowel or trowel. Polishing should be done until the convex areas acquire a slight gloss.
Using a roller, apply a thin layer of Venetian mixture (1 mm). Before plastering, the tool must be rolled out well so that excess mortar does not fall into the recesses of the pattern. The shade of this layer may differ slightly from the color of the textured surface.
Lightly dry the thin top layer and polish it with a smoothing iron or trowel until glossy.
Dry the wall for 24 hours and proceed to glazing. Distribute the wax with a sponge, rubbing it into the recesses. 5-15 minutes after applying the substance, polish it with a dry cloth. You need to rub the wall in a circular motion, without lifting the rag from the surface and moving it in different directions.

The resulting coating resembles polished quartzite or granite, depending on the color of the plaster paste.

If you choose a paste with a larger fraction of filler for the coating, you can make an imitation of travertine. The grotto technology variant differs in the painting method. After the 2nd layer of model mass has been laid and leveled, the wall is ironed with a trowel until it shines. If the paste is colored, then apply a thin layer acrylic paint a lighter shade on the protruding parts. You can proceed with the white mass as indicated for limestone plaster.

The thickness of the finished decorative coating, according to builders' standards, should not exceed 6 mm. But thin layers of textured mass or relief surfaces acquire their charm through tinting and polishing, applying varnish or wax. Creativity in the manufacture of textured coatings always bears fruit, and finishing done carefully and with soul will always be successful.

Currently, decorative plaster is understood to mean several various types this finishing material. Experts claim that this is a marketing ploy by the manufacturers. The composition of this plaster is almost the same. You should study this aspect more carefully to understand the types and methods of using this tool.

Peculiarities

Decorative plaster is the main competitor of wallpaper when it comes to covering walls. It is worth knowing that this is not the material that is used to level walls. This species building material has its own characteristics. It is both a leveler and a final coating in itself.

Decorative plaster contains additional substances that distinguish it from ordinary plaster.

This type of finishing material has a number of undeniable advantages. For example, such plaster can be the base and at the same time the finish. It perfectly hides wall unevenness and, due to its high percentage of plasticity, can fill any cracks and crevices.

Decorative plaster has no special restrictions on application. It goes well with stone, brick, concrete and plasterboard walls. The only feature is that it must be firmly attached to the wall. But this requirement applies to all types of finishing materials.

Decorative plaster does not absorb odors at all and is perfect for decoration kitchen space. This is one of its features and an undeniable advantage compared to other finishing materials. It has excellent soundproofing properties.

Another feature of decorative plaster is its unique appearance. The final version will look unique depending on the application technique and the tools used. If there are small defects on the wall, you do not need to carry out preliminary preparation. Experts recommend getting by with just a light primer of the surface.

The most common use of decorative plaster is indoors. It allows air to pass through and prevents the formation of fungi and other harmful microorganisms. Due to this specific finishing material, the repair will last its owners much longer.

Thanks to the properties of the material, unusual patterns and designs can be created in the process of wall finishing. Some experts recommend making multi-colored designs from decorative plaster. This way the walls will look original and stylish.

Basically, the plaster contains natural ingredients. They are environmentally friendly and safe for people, children and pets. For some, this is the main criterion when choosing a finishing material. This coating can last for many years. It can withstand small mechanical damage, which can often happen in the kitchen and nursery.

When professionals work, everything seems simple and easy. When applying decorative plaster, there are a number of features that you need to remember.

This will help you avoid mistakes during the work process and get the desired result.

When choosing decorative plaster, you need to study the entire range of this product presented in the hardware store. It would be a good idea to consult with the seller. It is best to find a large sample with plaster applied to it. It is necessary to buy material with a reserve. This will save you from additional expenses and hassle. It will not be very pleasant if the plaster runs out in the midst of renovation work.

It is important to choose the right tools for a specific type of plaster and achieving the desired effect. The minimum is two spatulas. It is necessary that one of them be wide and the second narrow. To make more textured designs, you will have to purchase a special roller and a smoothing iron with round ends. If the owners want to paint the walls, then they need to purchase additional brushes or rollers for applying it.

If there are no serious defects, you can forget about leveling the walls. Decorative plaster has an amazing property - it will hide all the imperfections. But if the defects on the walls are obvious, then you should first go over the entire surface with putty. This will save you a lot of money family budget. Experts believe that the finer the relief pattern, the better the alignment of the walls.

Before using decorative plaster, the entire surface of the walls is thoroughly primed. For a novice master, it is better to start working with inconspicuous areas. This will help you gain a little experience, and the resulting defects will be hidden from view. Many builders recommend practicing on a sheet of drywall first.

After applying the plaster, you can make a certain relief or design on it. High-quality applied material is moisture resistant. These walls can be washed. It is important not to use aggressive chemicals. It is better to use soft sponges and rags. Metal brushes and scrapers are not allowed when washing decorative plaster.

Some builders additionally cover such plaster with a layer of wax. But this method will protect from moisture rather than from various damages. If there is a need to change the interior, the plaster can simply be painted over with a different color.

In case of further wallpapering, it is permissible to putty the walls on top of the old layer.

Types and effects

There are several types of decorative plaster in the construction industry. Very often it is divided according to the type of filler or binder. It is better to check in advance about its quality and features with builders or consultants in specialized stores.

If we consider this material by filler type, it will differ in appearance, not composition.

Let's look at some types and effects of decorative plaster:

Textured or embossed plaster creates a rather noticeable pattern on the wall. It will help make any imperfections on the wall invisible. This plaster is very inexpensive and is very popular in our country. It is quite easy to apply, which is a definite advantage for beginners.

It can be divided into several textures that have interesting names. The "bark beetle" resembles furrows in an old tree. And when using colored paint, this effect is only enhanced. Lamb creates a grainy surface that appears very soft and curly from a distance. “Fur Fur” is a little similar to the second option, but visually more fleecy.

Structural view is the most unpredictable in terms of final finish. Even an experienced craftsman will not be able to predict the final appearance of this decorative plaster.

Venetian plaster It has flat surface. To apply it to the wall, the master must have sufficient experience. It takes quite a lot of time to apply it. But in the end the owners get the perfect wall, a bit like a stone. In bright lighting, the effect of a marble surface and internal lighting is created.

Other options decorative plaster have diverse characteristics. You can buy wood-effect decorative plaster at a hardware store. Material that imitates silk is becoming popular. It is very popular to decorate utility pantries and warehouses with gypsum plaster. Colored plaster may also apply to this group materials.

Scope of application

Many experts consider this product to be one of the most versatile types of finishing material. It can be used on any surface. The result is a very interesting and intricate relief of the walls and ceiling.

The widespread use of plaster is explained by its good vapor permeability, durability and resistance to various natural influences.

In addition, this type of material does not always require additional putty on the walls.

When using this material in a children's room, you should carefully choose the composition. Decorative plaster should not contain resins of synthetic origin. When applying the material to the walls, do not make sharp corners. It is important to think about the safety of your child.

In the bathroom and toilet it is worth using cement-based material.

For kitchen area It is worth using glass and plastic aprons. This is especially true for the food preparation and dishwashing areas. For those who want to use decorative plaster in the kitchen, experts recommend covering the walls with an additional coat of paint or clear varnish. Such additional means of protection will help protect the walls from grease and soot, which are simply inevitable in the kitchen.

Available for sale special kind material that is intended for outdoor use. This type of plaster is absolutely not suitable for use at home. This is due to the substances included in the composition. They give the plaster additional resistance and strength to the effects of snow, rain and sun.

Other mixture options are only suitable for indoor use. This decorative plaster is environmentally friendly and contains natural ingredients. This material cannot be used for finishing building facades. Due to its natural composition and the absence of aggressive components, the material will not withstand the effects of natural disasters.

In specialized stores you can also find universal plaster. It can be used in residential apartments. It also performed well when used on building facades. This decorative plaster contains substances that are safe for people. The composition also contains special components that extend the service life of the material on facades. This type of decorative plaster is the most expensive.

Many builders are sure that such plaster looks great in rooms with a large area. Decorative plaster is used to decorate all walls or small fragments of them. Designers are confident that some types of material can visually increase the area of a room.

This is achieved through a special application style and the use of light paint.

Currently, the material can be applied to wood, drywall or brick. You can use a concrete or already plastered wall as a base. Plastic surface– not the best option for applying decorative plaster. She is pretty strong material, so it is important that it is applied correctly.

It can also be used in the hallway. It will be able to withstand minor mechanical damage that can happen in everyday life.

How to cook it yourself?

Currently, this type of finishing material does not lose its popularity. Construction stores present huge assortment this material. She has different composition, service life and finishing surface. All types of decorative plaster have in common only a fairly high cost.

If you want to have an original interior, but have limited financial capabilities or a clearly defined estimate for repair work, you can try making decorative plaster with your own hands.

It may contain sand, gypsum or cement. Fillers can be crumbs natural stones. It is advisable to add components to the resulting composition to increase the viscosity of the material, as well as antiseptic and moisture-resistant additives.

Final version will depend on the type, quality and quantity of filler. The most widely used version of decorative plaster contains grains up to five millimeters in size. It is important to know that in decorative plaster the filler should not exceed 70% of the total amount of solution.

Exist different ways preparation of decorative plaster. Let's look at the simplest and most popular of them.

Very often used during repairs gypsum plaster. This type of decorative plaster dries instantly, is easy to apply and levels well. It's very easy to do. You need to purchase gypsum flour and make limestone dough. These components must be mixed together in a ratio of one to three. Then a small amount of water is added. You need to add water gradually, stirring the solution evenly.

As a result, it should resemble thick sour cream in consistency. At the very end, if desired, color is added. In order for the solution to be plastic, all proportions must be strictly observed.

To make your own lime paste, you will need slaked lime and water.

The ratio of components should be one to three. After kneading, cover the resulting mixture with a lid and put it in a dark place for about a day.

Popular methods for preparing plaster at home are those with the addition of silicate-based components. Preparation of the bulk is carried out in the same way as in the first case. Another element is liquid glass. It is poured into the resulting solution, and then a little water is added. The amount of silicate in such a mixture should not exceed 5%.

A more budget-friendly option for decorative plaster would be a mixture of sand and cement. To prepare such a composition, you will need cement, sand and slaked lime. The proportions of this composition are approximately one to two. After mixing the main components, silicate is added to the mass. Its share should not exceed 5% of the total mass. At the very end, water is added to the mixture. Stone chips should not exceed 70%.

It's pretty simple methods production of material. It is important to maintain accurate proportions and consistency. Before starting work, you can watch a master class from an experienced builder.

To purchase decorative plaster that does not require preliminary preparation, you should contact ready-made mixtures. In this case, you should pay attention to textured plaster. Its surface is almost flat. The desired pattern is obtained using spatulas, brushes and rollers. In addition, an experienced craftsman has more opportunities when working with such material. Structural plaster is applied much easier and faster. It is ideal for an inexperienced craftsman.

For rooms with high humidity worth paying attention to cement plaster. Builders add about ten kilograms of tile adhesive to a bag of cement. 500 grams of plasticizer are added to the resulting mixture. Then water is poured in evenly and everything is thoroughly mixed.

Venetian plaster is considered the most exquisite and amazing. It belongs to the textured varieties. Due to its popularity and variety of effects, it is allocated to a special group.

Marble dust is quite expensive. To reduce the cost of manufacturing such a coating, granite and malachite chips are usually added to it. After applying the material to the wall, it needs to be treated with a trowel. This means that the plaster must have very finely ground stones in its composition.

For this, it is better to use natural and finely dispersed fillers.

The next component is slaked lime. It acts as a component for linking all funds. Typically, ready-made building mixtures contain acrylic resins instead of slaked lime. Special dyes will also be required. Previously, natural plant juice was used. Currently, they have been replaced by synthetic components.

It is possible to use running water during operation. It is important to monitor its temperature. It should not be below ten degrees. In the standard recipe Venetian plaster all of the above components are present. Stone dust and slaked lime are thoroughly mixed until they form a homogeneous mass of fairly thick consistency.

Then running water is added to the resulting composition and everything is mixed again. At the same time, dye, antiseptic and metallizing particles are added. Due to the peculiarities of applying this type of decorative plaster, the finest fillers are required.

Experienced builders suggest considering two more options for preparing this type of material. The first is quite simple - the material is mixed with white marble flour. The proportions are one to ten. Then water and colored paint are added to the resulting composition.

The second option is a little more difficult to prepare. For 7 kilograms of marble sand, about 1.5 kilograms of flour of a similar composition are added. Then 700 grams of white Portland cement are added to the composition, followed by about a kilogram of lime dough.

A novice master needs strict adherence to all proportions. It is better to use paper to write down all the components.

Consumption per 1 m2

Before you start finishing works When using decorative plaster, it is important to make a competent calculation of the material. As a rule, it is customary to consider the mixture consumption per one square meter.

Decorative plaster perfectly imitates stones, wood or leather. Despite its cost, it is very budget-friendly in terms of consumption. Most often, the consumption per square meter of wall or ceiling ranges from one to one and a half kilograms.

Plaster, which resembles wood in texture, has the lowest consumption. The total thickness of the layer should not be more than one centimeter.

If the plaster contains large grains, then two layers must be applied.

Structural plaster is made from a mixture of acrylic, cement or gypsum. This mixture is sold in 25 kilogram packages. To decorate a ten square meter wall you need one or two bags.

The mixture based on acrylic dispersions is homogeneous in consistency with the presence of small grains. The size of these grains does not exceed two millimeters. Finished plaster has a fairly significant consumption. If there is a fraction of one millimeter, the consumption is two and a half kilograms per square meter of wall or ceiling.

This plaster is usually sold in plastic packaging of 15 kilograms. For 10 meters of wall you need about two plastic packages. This amount of material will be needed to apply one layer of decorative plaster.

Structural material, which contains: marble chips or a mixture of marble and granite chips. The layer of material can be from one to three millimeters. This depends on the depth of texture required. To apply the material to a wall of 10 square meters, you will need one package of material with a volume of 25 kilograms.

If we consider the structural material, then most often it is used to decorate the fireplace. A solution of such plaster is sold in plastic packaging of 15 kilograms. To apply plaster to a ten square meter wall, you need to buy two packages of the material.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the decorative plaster “Bark beetle”. The consumption of this product ranges from 2.5 to 4 kilograms per square meter. This scatter is due to the different grain sizes in the structure of the product and the thickness of the layer.

Still, before purchasing, you should consult with the seller at the hardware store. A specialist will accurately determine the possible consumption of decorative plaster of this type. It would be a good idea to read the information about the material on the packaging.

Venetian plaster allows you to create an imitation of marble on the wall in all its splendor. In terms of consumption, it is the most budgetary. Savings result from a perfectly level surface. Considering the cost of work and the price of the material itself, Venetian plaster is the most expensive.

Application process

For plastering work you will need a set of tools. This should be sandpaper or a special machine, two types of spatulas, brushes, polyethylene film, putty and primers.

The technology for applying decorative plaster is not very complicated.

At the beginning of work, the surface is cleaned and traces of corrosion are removed, old paint or wallpaper. The entire surface is treated sandpaper. Remaining dust can be removed using a vacuum cleaner or brush. Cracks or gouges may appear on the wall. They should be sealed with putty and wait for it to dry completely.

After this, it is worth treating the surface with a primer. It must be applied twice with an interval of 3-4 hours. Completion of this stage of work is mandatory. The primer will improve the adhesion of the plaster to the wall.

During the drying process of the primer material, the entire work area should be covered with polyethylene film. It is advisable to cover the furniture and everything mirror surfaces. For reliability, the film is fixed with construction tape. Then you should start preparing decorative plaster.

For application structural material use a spatula with a wide base. The plaster is applied to the wall and then stretched using a wide spatula. The first layer can be of different thicknesses, the main thing is that it is even. You can continue working only after 5-12 hours. During this time, the plaster should thoroughly adhere to the wall and primer.

After this, the entire surface of the wall is treated with a plastic trowel. You can move in a circle or chaotically. Due to the hard granules in the decorative plaster, grooves are formed on the surface. Once the material dries, they will create the effect of natural and natural materials.

After this, you need to leave the walls to dry for at least another day. Then a special primer is applied and rollers and brushes are used. With their help, the specialist applies the first layer of paint, and then the second. The last coat of paint should be a tone or two lighter than the first. The last stage of the work will be applying a layer of wax.

When working independently, it is best to apply decorative plaster with a wide spatula. It takes quite a long time to dry, so you can apply it to all the walls at once. In order for a pattern to form on the surface, the thickness of the entire plaster must be three millimeters. In this case, it is important to apply the product over all walls or ceilings.

Without allowing the material to harden, you can proceed to the next stage of work. Brushes, stencils, stamps, rollers and a trowel will come in handy here. Thanks to uneven patterns, the plaster will acquire a certain texture. The resulting solution cannot be pressed deeper than one and a half millimeters.

If you do this, the material will not be durable and will begin to peel off very quickly.

A day after completion of work, the entire surface must be primed. Then the walls are treated with wax. It will be possible to touch and place furniture in this room two days after the completion of all construction work.

Venetian plaster is more capricious and difficult to work with. If you prepare the solution yourself, you should use a spatula with a wide base. The surface is leveled using a trowel.

You should not press the tool too hard. All movements should be chaotic. A second and third coat of Venetian plaster should also be applied. The interval between coats is eight to ten hours.

Then the Venetian plaster trowel is pressed firmly against the surface and passed over the entire wall. This should be done until a metallic sheen is achieved. At the very end, the wall needs to be waxed and gently sanded.

It is quite possible to prepare decorative plaster yourself. This will take a little more effort and time, but will save the family budget quite significantly.

Decorative plaster should always be purchased with a reserve of at least 10%. It will be needed if the material dries out or falls on the floor during application.

The issue of saving is always very relevant. This is especially true for estimates for repair work. U experienced craftsmen There are some rules and secrets that can reduce material consumption per square meter.

For rough work, they suggest using the most inexpensive cement-based mixtures. At the beginning of work, you need to try to level the walls as much as possible. The differences should not exceed five millimeters. If the walls are too crooked, you should use plasterboard. This budget option will help you quickly and economically give your walls a smooth surface.

You cannot skimp on primer material. It is best to use those products recommended by the decorative plaster manufacturer. The most important thing is to plan everything correctly before starting the renovation. Correctly calculated quantities and selection of successful consumables will help you save money and protect you from additional purchases.

When using Venetian plaster, it is worth watching video tutorials or enrolling in special courses. We must not forget about rough samples. They are best done a few days before the start of the main work. Drywall is perfect for this. Decorative plaster is a very expensive material, so you should carefully prepare for its application.

A novice master should apply decorative plaster to small areas walls These could be arches or small structures based on plasterboard. On them minor defects will not be so noticeable. But a large wall canvas will not make it possible to hide the first experience of a novice master.

An interesting design option for the corridor and part of the living room would be brick or brickwork. It will look more elegant if you imitate brickwork using decorative plaster. Imitation significantly saves space. Time for construction works It will take much less than using real brick.

There are two ways to create imitation brickwork. In the first case, the wall is drawn manually, and in the second, special metal stencils are used. Decorative plaster is poured into them.

When working independently, a novice craftsman should use a narrow metal spatula. This tool will help smooth out the edges of the “bricks” and add a little texture.

Whatever method and type of decorative plaster is chosen, it is important to treat the matter with the utmost care and study in advance all the features of applying and preparing decorative plaster. Then a wonderful result will not take long to arrive.