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Erudition is self-education and regular assimilation of information. Higher education does not provide the knowledge of an erudite. People who independently engage in their education have extraordinary intelligence, almost always understand the exact sciences and speak foreign languages.

IQ level is not the only indicator of a person's intelligence. A person’s mental abilities must be judged by a combination of parameters. One of the most important components is verbal intelligence, denoting the ability to speak, semantic, pragmatic components.

People love riddles and answers too. Observing the movements and flow of thoughts behind gaming table"What? Where? When?" on TV, viewers also wiggle their brains, trying to get ahead of the experts. Useful gymnastics, but it’s difficult to surpass pro-erudites.

Your dog can be a genius or lazy and slow-witted - that won't make you love him any less. When completing tasks, do not even think about getting angry and punishing the dog - in terms of intellectual development, it is equal to a child of 2-2.5 years old. Try to remember yourself at this age.

Can you exchange knowing glances with your cat? How often do you talk? What, you think there’s nothing to talk about with a cat?! Yes, you are simply not able to understand her language and say thank you that they continue to love you! After all, cats have an angelic character.

Erudition is knowledge in different areas, a voluntary and conscious desire to receive and assimilate new information. Even studying in the best educational institutions does not make a person erudite; it gives professional knowledge and the fundamentals of science.

Solving problems with numerical sequences requires logical thinking. The relationship between numbers must be analyzed and applied to determine the algorithm. Such puzzles seem childishly simple to some, but become unsolvable to others.

The imagery of the Russian language is amazing - words in it often express more than they directly mean. With such wealth, many suffer from tongue-tiedness, cannot put their thoughts into a worthy form and fill in the gaps, at best, with gestures.

Logic is a capricious and confusing science, but this does not apply to basic knowledge. To master the basics, you don’t need to cram textbooks and experiment, just take note, for example, that a cause is always followed by an effect, a larger one will interfere with a smaller one, etc.

IQ (intelligence quotient) - intelligence quotient. The first test was developed at the beginning of the last century by the French psychologist Alfred Bonnet. The French government commissioned the creation of such a test to assess the intellectual abilities of children. The test became very popular in the United States and in 1917, the armed forces classified 2 million military personnel using IQ tests. Then university applicants and job applicants began to be tested - private companies and universities quickly assessed the effectiveness of the test.

After numerous studies, experts received the following results:

• 50% of people showed an IQ level of 90 to 110;
• 25% - above 110;
• 25% - below 90;
• The most common score is 100 points;
• 14.5% of those tested had an IQ ranging from 110 to 120;
• 7% of those tested scored 120-130 points;
• 3% - 130-140;
• Only 0.5% of people were able to demonstrate a level above 140 points;
• An IQ level below 70 can be considered mental retardation;
• Most American high school students score 115, with honors students having the most common score of 135–140;
• The lowest results are among young people under 19 years of age and older people over 60 years of age.

Since one of the main conditions for passing the test is a time limit, we can say that the IQ level does not indicate the ability to think original or logically, but the speed of thought processes.

The highest IQ level is for an Australian mathematician, the author of the Green-Tao theorem, his name is Terence Tao. Getting results above 200 points is a very rare occurrence, because most of the inhabitants of our planet barely score 100 points. People with extremely high IQs (over 150) can be found among Nobel laureates. It is these people who move science forward and make discoveries in various professional fields. Among them are the American writer Marilyn vos Savant, astrophysicist Christopher Hirata, phenomenal reader Kim Pik, who can read a page of text in a few seconds, Briton Daniel Tammet, who memorizes thousands of numbers, Kim Ung-Yong, who already studied at the university at the age of 3, and other famous personalities with amazing abilities.

How is a person's IQ formed?

IQ level is influenced by several factors, including heredity, environment(family, school, social status person). The test result is also significantly influenced by the age of the test taker. At the age of 26, as a rule, a person’s intelligence reaches its peak, and then only declines.

It is worth noting that some people with exceptionally high IQs found themselves completely helpless in everyday life. For example, Kim Pik could not fasten the buttons on his clothes. Moreover, not everyone had such talent from birth. Daniel Tammet gained his ability to remember huge numbers of numbers after a terrible attack of epilepsy as a child.

IQ level above 140

People with IQ scores over 140 are the owners of excellent creativity who have achieved success in different scientific fields. Among famous personalities with an IQ test score of 140 - Bill Gates and Stephen Hawking. Such geniuses of their era are known for their outstanding abilities; they make an incredibly high contribution to the development of knowledge and science, creating new inventions and theories. Such people make up only 0.2% of the entire population.

IQ level from 131 to 140

Only three percent of the population has high IQ scores. Among famous people who have a similar test result are Nicole Kidman and Arnold Schwarzenegger. This successful people with high mental abilities, they can reach heights in different areas activity, science and creativity. Want to see who is smarter - you or Schwarzenegger?

IQ level from 121 to 130

Only 6% of the population has an above average intellectual level. Such people are visible in universities, since they are usually excellent students in all disciplines, successfully graduate from universities, realize themselves in a variety of professions and achieve high results.

IQ level from 111 to 120

If you think that the average IQ level is around 110, then you are wrong. This indicator refers to above average intelligence. People with test scores between 111 and 120 are usually hard workers and strive for knowledge throughout their lives. There are about 12% of such people among the population.

IQ level from 101 to 110

IQ level from 91 to 100

If you took the test and the result turned out to be less than 100 points, do not be upset, because this average in a quarter of the population. People with such intelligence indicators do well in school and universities, they get jobs in middle management and other professions that do not require significant mental effort.

IQ level from 81 to 90

A tenth of the population has a below average intelligence level. Their IQ test scores range from 81 to 90. These people usually do well in school, but often fail to earn higher education. They can work in the field of physical labor, in industries that do not require the use of intellectual abilities.

IQ level from 71 to 80

Another tenth of the population has an IQ level from 71 to 80, this is already a sign of mental retardation of a lesser degree. People with this result mainly attend special schools, but can also graduate from regular schools. primary school with average marks.

IQ level from 51 to 70

About 7% of people have a mild form of mental retardation and an IQ level from 51 to 70. They study in special institutions, but are able to take care of themselves and are relatively full-fledged members of society.

IQ level from 21 to 50

About 2% of people on Earth have an intellectual development level from 21 to 50 points, they suffer from dementia, average degree mental retardation. Such people cannot learn, but are able to take care of themselves, but most often have guardians.

IQ level up to 20

People with severe mental retardation are not amenable to training and education, and have an intellectual development level of up to 20 points. They are under the care of other people because they cannot take care of themselves, and live in own world. There are 0.2% of such people in the world.

Knowing your IQ (IQ) is considered important for modern man. Dozens of tests and techniques enable us to lift the veil of our own abilities. In our article, let's talk about what IQ is, what are the ways to study this indicator of human thinking, and who helped us learn more about our brain. We’ll also talk a little about well-known IQ tests and what data can really be gleaned from them.

What is IQ (IQ): definition

A person's intelligence, expressed in IQ, is the ability to cognition, as well as the totality of all his cognitive abilities.

Intelligence determines the success of a person’s activities, his ability to solve problems quickly, relying only on his knowledge.

Studying IQ with Science

Since the thirties of the twentieth century, scientists have attempted to scientifically determine the level of intelligence. The problem of studying and measuring the level of intelligence throughout the twentieth century was addressed by such scientists as V. Stern, R. Stenberg, A. Binet, J. Piaget, C. Spearman, G. Eysenck, J. Guilford, D. Wexler and others . Determining what a person’s IQ is, what indicators need to be taken into account - all this was the object of study.

Practicing psychologists put forward various hypotheses and conducted experiments to study intelligence:

• determining the relationship between the processes occurring in the human brain and its responses to them;
• dependence on the size and weight of the brain;
• comparison of the level of intelligence of parents and their children;
• interdependence of the level of intelligence and social status person;
• dependence of the level of intelligence on the age of the individual.

Scientists have also developed test methods by determining the level of intelligence. Since that time, the question of what an IQ number is - a quantitative indicator that gives an idea of ​​thinking abilities - has become relevant.

Methods for measuring intelligence

Initially, the tests contained only vocabulary exercises. Today, such techniques include the following exercises: non-arithmetic counting, logical series, addition of geometry figures, recognizing parts of an object, memorizing facts and drawings, operations with letters and words.

In the scientific world, the term “intelligence quotation” was adopted and adapted. This concept was first introduced by V. Stern (1912), proposing to designate the number that is obtained by dividing the age of the subject’s mind by his. In the Stanford-Binet scale (1916), the term “IQ” was first mentioned.

The abbreviation “IQ” is widely used in Russian literature, but domestic scientists do not translate this concept literally (translated from English as “amount of intelligence”), but as “intelligence quotient.”

IQ is an indicator that is determined after an IQ test. Coefficient - a value expressing a percentage ratio mental age individual to biological. To determine what an IQ level is means to find out how much a person can use certain capabilities of his brain.

Moreover, indicators of the proper level of intelligence at a certain age are calculated based on the average statistical indicators of people of the same age as the subject.

Meaning of test results

The average IQ corresponds to 100 units. This is an average figure between 90 and 110 units, which is usually received by 50% of people tested. 100 units corresponds to half of the problems solved in the test, respectively, the maximum indicator is 200 units. Values ​​below 70 units are often classified as mental deficiency, and above 140 as genius.

IQ is a relative indicator that reflects the level of performance of a specific intelligence test. Such a test cannot serve as a comprehensive measure of intellectual ability.

Intelligence tests cannot show the level of erudition of a person, but only his ability to think, and mainly in a certain way. The more developed type of thinking of a given person is determined: logical, figurative, mathematical, verbal. By which type of thinking is less developed, one can determine the desired abilities.

Of course, a high IQ level is by no means a guarantee of success in life. Purposefulness, determination, hard work, clear goals and motivation to achieve success are of great importance in a person’s life. We should not forget about heredity, genetic data, innate inclinations and talent, as well as the significant influence of the social environment and family.

Conclusion

In our article we looked at one of most interesting questions psychology, which worries modern people - what is IQ, what are the methods for measuring intelligence and what information can really be gleaned from them.

The conclusion that should be drawn from the existing knowledge about a person’s IQ is that the digital data provided by the tests is not at all the final authority in assessing you as an individual. Thought processes are so complex that no test can provide material to fully assess their capabilities. Let’s be ourselves and never stop developing!

Recently, various tests for determining intelligence quotient or IQ tests (IQ - intelligence quotient, read IQ) have become increasingly popular. They are carried out not only for entertainment. Some employers and educational establishments included such tests in admission programs. What does this give and how to check your IQ (IQ)?

WHAT IS INTELLIGENCE

The abbreviation IQ denotes a quantitative assessment of the intellectual abilities of the person being tested in relation to the level of mental development of the average person of this age.

This abbreviation was first used at the beginning of the last century in the Stanford-Binet scale.

What is intelligence? Translated from Latin, intellectus means understanding, perception, sensation. This is the quality of our psyche that helps us adapt to new circumstances. Thanks to mental abilities, we can adapt faster, learn new things and apply knowledge in practice. Mental abilities are divided into innate and acquired.

Innate abilities play a big role in our lives. They are formed under the influence of genetics and begin to appear already in childhood. Primary intuition is not related to mental functions and does not depend on our skills. It is believed that it is formed on the basis of the architectonics of the cerebral cortex. Acquired abilities are what we will achieve throughout our lives.

IQ is influenced by:

• individual genes;
• heredity;
• external factors.

If everything is clear with the first two points, then the last point raises many questions.

Scientists have found that mental abilities can be influenced by: environment, nutrition, race and even country of residence. Most high rate among the Jews, then come the Asians, and then only the people of the white race. Therefore, some are considered smarter simply by nature, because they were born “in the right place.”

Nutrition is also a very important component of the full and comprehensive development of an individual. It has been proven that a lack of iodine in a teenager’s body reduces intelligence by almost 10 points, but breast-feeding helps increase the indicator by 7 positions. True, disputes on this issue still do not subside, since every scientist has his own opinion.

But don’t despair, there are exceptions to every rule.

It’s not difficult to check your IQ, the main thing is to know how.

HOW TO FIND OUT YOUR IQUALITY

You can test your mental abilities on your own or under the supervision of a psychologist. For this purpose, various tests have long been developed that make it possible to identify hidden resources your mind and show everyone what you are capable of. Each of them has tasks of varying complexity.

They are usually arranged in ascending order, from easy to more complex. Points are awarded for each answer option. Maximum number 180. Tests are divided by age, each category has its own scale of results.

The most common questionnaire is the Eysenck test. In addition, the methods of R. Amthauer, D. Wexler, R. Cattell and J. Raven are often used. They are more accurate. You don't have to choose just one option. To test your mental abilities, you can take all the proposed tests. The average result will most objectively show your IQ.

Tests can be found on the Internet and taken online. However, before starting the inspection, it is better to carefully read the conditions. Some resources offer to take the test for free, but to get results you will have to pay money. There are options without paying, you just need to search online.

Unfortunately, all these developments will not show 100% reliable results. A lot during the test depends on the level of reading and outlook of the person being tested. Negative influence the quality of the test can be affected by poor health or fatigue, so taking the test twice, you can get completely different results.

Every person is familiar with the term “intelligence quotient” and the acronym IQ. Many also know that IQ is assessed using special tests.

The founder of the development of special test programs, currently known as the IQ Test, was the French psychologist Alfred Binet. The test quickly gained popularity in different countries. It began to be used to determine the IQ level not only in children, but also in military personnel. More than 2 million people have been tested. Later, IQ levels began to be determined among students and employees of private companies.

IQ level allows you to determine the speed of thinking processes, and not a person’s ability to think. In this regard, the use of tests has lost relevance today.

To solve problems you need to be good developed ability concentrate attention, ability to highlight the main thing, developed memory, great lexicon and fluency in spoken language, logical thinking, ability to manipulate objects, ability to perform mathematical operations and perseverance. As you can see, these are more psychological characteristics of the individual than mental abilities.

What is an IQ test used for?

Currently, the test is the only way to determine a person's intelligence level.

There are two options for defining mental abilities. The first is intended for children 10-12 years old, with the help of the second the development of children from 12 years old and adults is assessed. They differ in the level of complexity, but the principle of use is the same.

Each test includes different tasks. To earn 100-120 points, which constitute the average IQ, you do not need to strive to complete all tasks. Half of the proposed tasks are sufficient. You are given 30 minutes to complete the task. The most reliable result for a person is 100-130 points.

IQ level of a normal person - what is considered good?

An intelligence level of 100-120 points is considered the norm, which is half of correctly completed tasks. The person who completes all tasks receives 200 points.

This test also helps determine a number of psychological characteristics: attention, thinking, memory. By identifying deficiencies in abilities, you can help in their development and increase your IQ index.

What does IQ level depend on?

Psychologists are trying to establish the dependence of the level of intelligence on heredity, physiological data, gender or race. Several areas of research are being developed.

In the 19th century, scientists conducted a number of experiments to establish the dependence of the level of intelligence on physiological data and gender. They showed no connection. Other scientists have repeatedly stated that intelligence directly depends on a person's race. These studies also found no relationship.

A number of researchers link mental abilities with musical preferences. Music affects the emotional sphere. British scientists have found that the IQ is higher in people who prefer classical music, hard rock and metal. Minimum level IQ, in their opinion, is that of fans of hip-hop and R’N’B.

What to do to increase your IQ ratio

Increasing your IQ requires constant training and brain development. One of effective ways logical problems and Mind games, chess, crosswords and poker. They help improve memory and increase concentration. Studying the exact sciences develops analytical thinking. Reading affects mental development fiction and learning foreign languages.

How much IQ does a normal person have?

The average level of intellectual development is 100-120 points. However, scientists have long proposed to determine IQ level taking into account chronological age. The test does not show the degree of erudition of a person, but evaluates general indicators. The tests are designed to distribute results around the average. The test indicates the direction in which a person should develop. An IQ level of 90-120 is considered good. However, it should be remembered that the results of the initial testing will be the most accurate; further data will be distorted.

Human intelligence is very difficult to define and almost impossible to measure. The accumulation of knowledge, abilities and skills occurs throughout a person’s life.

The basis of intelligence is made up of several determining factors; genetics, environment, and environment are important. Scientists have established a direct dependence of mental development on genes. The percentage of influence can range from 40 to 80 percent.

The level of intelligence and the IQ index are influenced by the development of the brain. The more developed a person’s frontal lobes, which are responsible for thought processes, the higher the IQ level.

Scientists pay special attention to the development of children in the first years of life and upbringing. The level of mental development was associated with the order of birth of children in the family. For a long time it was believed that firstborns have more high level iQ. Compared to younger children. Recent studies have shown that the birth order of children determines the developmental potential, ability to reason and think, and as a result determine the level of intellectual development. On average, children born first, when taking tests, show compliance with the norm for their age, but score several points more than younger brothers and sisters.

The development of mental abilities is influenced by health status. It's normal for a person to follow good habits and lead a healthy lifestyle. This allows you to maintain brain activity in good shape. Scientists have proven that among people with a high level of intelligence, there are fewer patients with chronic diseases and their life expectancy is higher.

Aikyu scale level table by points

If the IQ test results are:

• 1-24 - profound mental retardation;
• 25-39 - severe mental retardation;
• 40-54 - moderate mental retardation;
• 55-69 - mild mental retardation;
• 70-84 - borderline mental retardation;
• 85-114 - average;
• 115-129 - above average;
• 130-144 - moderately gifted;
• 145-159 - gifted;
• 160-179 - exceptionally gifted;
• 180 and above - deeply gifted.

Criticism of IQ tests

Determining the level of intelligence using the proposed tests cannot be taken as a basis, since the units of measurement are average indicators that change over time, which means they are not a standard.
A person’s intelligence depends on many factors, ranging from the time of day to the state of health.

You can’t take gender as a basis: among men and women there are people with both high and low IQ levels.