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A bathroom exhaust fan is its important component, as it allows you to ensure a normal microclimate in a given room, as well as reduce the absolute level of humidity. In addition to natural ventilation, it is necessary to install a forced system in this room, which will prevent the formation of mold, pathogenic bacteria, and spoilage. electrical appliances due to high humidity, and also eliminate extraneous odors. Currently exists a large number of ventilation systems for bathrooms that you can install yourself.

Why do you need a bathroom ventilation system?

The bathroom is more susceptible to natural condensation than other rooms and almost always has high level humidity in the absence of normal ventilation system. As a result, unpleasant musty odors and water from condensation on the walls begin to appear in this room, which contributes to the rapid development of fungi and mold.

Currently, there are two types of ventilation: natural (natural) and forced (artificial). If it is not possible to create normal natural ventilation (there are no windows or they do not open), then a forced ventilation system is used, which involves the installation of certain types of fans designed for these household premises.

Forced fan in the bathroom

According to its design, ventilation can be:

• Ductless. In this case, ventilation is carried out in the bathroom through openings in the wall of the common ventilation ducts of multi-storey buildings.
• Channel. It is used to supply the ventilation system to places that require the most intensive and frequent air purification.

Also, in some cases, owners of apartments and private houses prefer to install a switchable forced system, even if there is a natural type of ventilation in the bathroom. Thus, you can be absolutely sure that a normal microclimate will always reign in this room.

This is due to the fact that in many old houses that were built more than 20 years ago, general ventilation systems are no longer able to cope with constantly increasing loads, so it is necessary to choose more modern methods combating high humidity.

Criterias of choice

Most effective method do proper ventilation- this is to purchase and install a forced-type electric fan. Usually for such purposes they purchase wall-mounted axial fans different power.

Wall-mounted axial fan for forced air supply

When choosing such a device, you need to pay attention to:

• Security system. The fan is a household electrical appliance, and the bathroom is indoors with a high degree of humidity, so the device must have maximum degree protecting the housing from water and steam.
• Sound insulation. The noise level of the device should be minimal so as not to irritate people living in the apartment. If necessary, you can install a special noise suppressor and supplement it with noise-insulating materials that are placed inside the fan.
• Power ventilation device must correspond to the dimensions of the bathroom and the number of residents. If the power is insufficient, the meaning of this system will simply be lost, since it will not be able to fully perform its functions.

Requirements for forced-air fans

• Noise level in small room should be no more than 35 - 40 dB.
• The ventilation system must create a regular air change at least 5–8 times per hour and comply with SNiP standards.
• The exhaust device must have a check valve if the air will be discharged only through one branch duct.
• The housing must have a waterproof class of at least IP34.
• The 36 V motor will allow the device to operate quite silently.

Classification of exhaust systems

According to their design features, fans can be:

Many modern fans are equipped with additional functions

• Electric fans with a built-in motion sensor can recognize the human body within their “visibility” radius and turn on the motor. This system allows you to significantly save electricity.
• A fan with a timer is able to recognize a moving person and turn on the motor to start working. If movement stops within its range, the device turns off.
• Fan with temperature (humidity) controller depending on its design features cleans up hot air from the bathroom or vice versa, heats it. To install such a device, a special circuit is provided that allows you to configure optimal temperature indoor air. If the established norm is exceeded, the motor of the device begins to work, creating the necessary air exchange in the bathroom and preventing people from overheating.
• Device with check valve necessary to prevent the reverse flow of air, as well as foreign odors from the outside, when it is not working.
• The fan with louvers is also designed to prevent the flow of air from the street when the device is turned off. Only in this case the blinds open and close manually.

How to correctly calculate the power of a bathroom hood

Before purchasing a fan, you should calculate the optimal power level of the system.

To do this, we use the formula 6V or 8V, where V is the volume of the room, and the numbers are coefficients that show the number of people using the bathroom. If more than 3 people regularly use it, then we will need a coefficient of 8.

If the fan is connected to a light switch, it will start working only when a person enters the bathroom. In this way, energy will be saved, and the system will perform its functions when they are really needed. But not all people want to take a bath or shower with the sound of a humming fan motor. In this case, you can make an autonomous switch for it, which will work when the room is empty.

The performance (power) of the fan can also be calculated using another formula:

• Determine the area of ​​the bathroom.
• Multiply this number by 5.
• We add another 20% to the result.
• This gives the recommended fan power.

Installation of a forced ventilation system

First, let's look at some rules for installing a fan.

• The fan is mounted as close to the ceiling as possible and as far as possible from the opening window or door, otherwise only partial ventilation will be provided, which will not affect other areas of the bathroom.
• Should be located as far as possible from any sources of water to avoid short circuits.
• The wires that go to the fan must be buried in grooves or hidden under the ceiling (suspended or suspended).
• If there is no ventilation pipe in the bathroom, you can install PVC pipe for sewerage with a diameter of 10 cm.

Step-by-step installation

1. We will look at how to properly connect and install a fan using the example of the ERA 4S ET device, which is equipped with a protective insect net and an electronic timer. This model has a ball bearing motor with maximum protection against overheating.

   

   Fan dimensions diagram

2. Since according to the architect's standard design in the wall of everyone's bathroom multi-storey building There is a ventilation vent provided, so you don’t have to do it yourself. Maybe just increase in diameter if necessary. We will need a hole with a diameter of 10 cm.

   

   Fan mounting hole

3. We lay the cable type VVG 3x1.5 in a special corrugated pipe, which comes from the switch. To do this, before starting repairs and laying tiles, it was necessary to make a groove from the switch to the hole and lay the VVG cable for the future fan. Insulate the ends for further work with it.

   

   Hole with cable for fan connection

4. We will mount our fan in this hole.

   

   The back of the fan, which we will insert into the hole in the wall

5. You can attach the fan to the wall using self-tapping screws, which are included with the device along with dowels.

   

   Fan mounting kit

6. But it's best to use silicone sealant type “Germent”, if you do not want to drill extra holes in the new tile, since it can be seriously damaged and then you will have to change the tile.

   

   Sealant for attaching the fan to the wall

7. First, we unscrew the screw on the side of the case and snap off the front part of the device.

   

   Unscrew the front panel of the fan

8. We cut off the excess part of the corrugation, and move the wires a little to the side so that it does not interfere with air circulation.

   

   Cut off excess corrugation from the wire

9. We apply the fan to the vent and run the wire. If the special hole is not suitable for the wire, you can drill it in the fan housing itself.

   

   Wall cable for fan

10. We apply dense layer sealant along the entire perimeter of the hole for the fan, press and fix it well. We check the correct location and leave the sealant to harden for about 2-3 hours. You can additionally secure it with masking tape and then remove it.
11. To connect the fan's power, we pre-installed a wire with three cores, which we stretched from the switch to the installation site. The fan is supplied with phase from the switch, ground and ground.
12. Below is a diagram of connecting the device to two-button switch so that you can turn on the light with one key and the fan with the second.
13. The second circuit option will allow you to connect the device to single-key switch. Simultaneous inclusion of light and fan.

    

    Connecting the fan to electrical wires

14. In order to connect the fan electrician to the wires “as expected”, it is necessary to insert a cable with 4 cores (phase, ground, neutral and controlled phase). Since we have a plastic device case, there is no need to ground it. Therefore, we use the third wire to connect the timer control system
15. Below is a diagram of connecting a device with a timer to a two-button switch.

    

16. For the fan to operate, we need to have a 220 V network at terminals L and N, and the timer will be controlled by the phase that is supplied from the switch to the third terminal “T”.
17. After we have connected all the wires, we need to snap the front cover back and tighten the screw.
18. When installing electrical wiring, we will use distribution panels in a minimal way, and simply make connections in the socket boxes.

    

    Connecting a fan with a timer

19. As a result, it turns out that a VVG 3x1.5 wire goes from the panel to the socket box.
20. We connect the white wire to the common terminal of the switch (schematically indicated in red). We connect the blue conductor to the ground connection in the socket box (to turn on the fan and light), and connect the yellow-green conductor to the protective light conductor. For a convenient and durable connection of all wire cores, we used special terminals.

    

    Fan connection terminals

21. We connect the outgoing cable in this way: we connect the white core to the common terminal of the switch; blue - we connect zero to zero wires; yellow-green - to one of the switch outputs
22. As a result, we can turn on the lighting with one key and control the timer with the second.
23. In the fan we connect the output wire as follows: the white wire to the “L” terminal; blue vein to the “N” terminal and yellow-green to the “T” terminal.
24. If necessary, we can connect a fan with a timer to a single-key switch according to the developed circuit presented below.

    

    Fan connection diagram

25. After connection, we check the operation of the device. When the fan is running, the blue “Network” indicator light is on.

Diagram of fan operating modes

How to connect a regular fan with a cord

Connecting a fan with a cord is much easier, since it does not require special knowledge of electrical circuits.

1. We install the fan in a vent under the ceiling, as in the first case, but we just do not connect any wires to it, since it will work from a 220 V power supply using a regular wire with a plug.
2. We “sit” the fan on the sealant so that it is tightly fixed. We plug the wire into the outlet, and that’s it. Now, when we need to turn on the fan, we simply pull the cord and the engine starts. After the room is completely ventilated, we will also need to pull the cord and turn off the fan.

The disadvantage of such a system is not only the manual activation of the device, but also the need for close proximity electrical outlet, since otherwise you will have to use an extension cord so that you can connect the fan, which is located on the wall opposite the outlet.

Checking work

In order to check the correctness of the selection and connection of the ventilation system, we can carry out a simple test: take a sheet of paper and apply it to the grille of the exhaust system. If the air circulates well in the room and is removed through special ventilation ducts, then the leaf will firmly “stick” to the grille.

The fan should be turned upside down. Then a design without zigzags would look more aesthetically pleasing to the cable channel. I watch the video for learning purposes)))

Michael

https://www.asutpp.ru/elektrika-v-kvartire/ventilyator-dlya-vannoj.html

Kantovius: And the mold problem is unlikely to be solved by a fan. Just the same, a fan solves this problem with 100% probability. Of course, if you have mold, you install a fan and do nothing else, then the mold will remain in its place. First, the mold must be removed and the area treated. And you won't have it again. Kantovius: A cheap model will serve its purpose for several years and install a new one just like it. There is one good saying. We are not rich enough to buy cheap things. Why buy a new one of the same type when you can pay twice as much at once and use it for 10–15 years without problems. Moreover, I would highly recommend paying attention to the fan noise level. Think for yourself.

Pavlusha1 Neophyte Poster

https://forum.onliner.by/viewtopic.php?t=10468459

Video: how to install a bathroom fan in a private house

Thus, using modern systems forced ventilation, we can quickly and effectively solve the problem of high humidity in the bathroom. By selecting exhaust systems, which are equipped with a timer or motion sensor, you don’t have to worry about saving energy, since the device will only work when necessary. Installing a fan yourself without involving specialists is not difficult.

Everyone knows that there is always high humidity in the bathroom, for this reason fungus, mold on the walls and other unpleasant factors form. This is why every family needs a bathroom.

Installing a fan in the bathroom is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. You don't have to be a jack of all trades to install it correctly, but you still need to know a few important points.

Installing the device will not take much time. It is, of course, advisable to install a fan during repairs, but there are cases when existing ventilation means are not up to the task. This can be easily determined by fogged mirrors in the bathroom, or when it becomes difficult to breathe during bathing procedures.

Tools and materials needed to install a bathroom fan

1. The first thing you will need is the device itself (fan). You need to select it by first measuring the width and length, and depth of the opening prepared for installing the device.
2. Hammer or drill - needed to drill holes.
3. Dowels with a diameter of approximately 3 mm. But this also depends on the design of the fan itself.
4. In order to connect the device to the electrical wiring, you must also purchase wires and cable ducts.
5. Putty - needed to re-cover the places where the plaster will fly off when installing ventilation.
6. Sealant.
7. Decorative lattice.

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Types and systems of ventilation

It is very important that in rooms with high humidity was good ventilation, human health in particular depends on this. It is for this reason that certain requirements are imposed on ventilation in the bathroom, which are specified in SNIPs.

There are a lot of types of ventilation, but existing ventilation does not always cope with its immediate task.
According to air exchange, ventilation is divided into two main types:

1. Natural - fresh air comes from the windows and doors in the bathroom.
2. Artificial, also called forced, works due to the installation of ventilation devices.

According to purpose, ventilation is divided into 3 types:

1. Exhaust - air exchange occurs due to the exit of air from the room through the shaft.
2. Supply air - air exchange occurs through ventilation duct.
3. Mixed - in this case, two principles work: the release of old air through the shaft and ventilation.

In cases where you need to replace the old hood with a new one, you just need to unscrew the screws from the old ventilation means with a screwdriver and screw the fan you previously selected into the same place. But when to apply forced ventilation, it is necessary to create an additional hood using a hammer drill, which will be connected to the ventilation duct. To connect the device in the bathroom, you can use a light switch or bathroom light. In this case, the ventilation will work when the bathroom is lit. There are times when it is not always necessary for the fan to work when the light is on, then you just need to purchase an additional switch. An additional hood will eliminate the unpleasant odor.

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Types of bathroom exhaust fans

There are several types of bathroom fans. They are all different in functionality and design, so everyone chooses what they need:

1. Axial - considered one of the most popular, because it is very simple. They must be installed directly into the wall: into the openings of the ventilation shaft. Compared to other devices, they have a fairly high efficiency - more than 100 cubic meters per hour. There is a small drawback: axial fans are very noisy, their noise reaches up to 30-35 dB.
2. Radial - a master should definitely work with it, since it will be very difficult without special knowledge and experience. Radial fans save energy – 20%. They are considered silent.
3. Centrifugal - despite their power, these fans are silent. They are mainly used when the room is larger than 15 m². Centrifugal fans appeared in the 70s, but almost immediately became known throughout the world due to their ease of use. Most often, such fans are installed under the ceiling, then hidden under drywall. Installation of such fans does not take much time.
4. Roof fans – installation of these fans is carried out by special specialists. This type of ventilation is installed on the roof of residential premises. This optimal choice for those who are afraid of ruining the renovation they just made. pros of this device is that it does not take up space in the room and does not disturb with noise.

The choice of ventilation can be approached not only from the outside functional features, but also from the design side. Having done unusual renovation in the bathroom and by choosing a stylish and modern fan, you will help transform the bathroom even more.

To normalize the level of humidity, prevent the development of mold and to create optimal air circulation, you need to ventilate the bathroom. To do this in ventilation pipe hoods are installed. It is best to arrange the ventilation of this room at the stage of its renovation. This way you can think through and calculate everything in advance. You can do it yourself in the bathroom, there’s nothing complicated about it.

The validity and necessity of installing a fan in the bathroom

The need to install a forced ventilation system in the bathroom arises in cases where conventional system There is not enough air exchange. You can tell that there is a need to install an exhaust fan by looking at foggy mirrors, the presence of condensation on the walls of the room, constant dampness, and an unpleasant odor. In a bathroom with poor air exchange, it begins to smell bad, pathogenic microorganisms actively multiply, reducing the service life of equipment, furniture and decoration in the room and harming people's health.

If the listed problems occur in your bathroom, then you first need to check the ventilation for serviceability. This is done very simply. It is enough to light a match and bring it to the air exchange grille. If the fire goes out or at least begins to deviate towards the grille, then everything is fine with the ventilation duct in your bathroom, and there is no need to install an additional fan.

If the flame barely flutters or does not react at all, you will have to clean the air ducts and install a fan. Cleaning is done using a cone-shaped weight. It goes down into the ventilation duct on the roof.

You can, of course, use the old proven method, according to which a couple of centimeters of the bottom of the bathroom door are cut out. But the effectiveness of this method does not stand up to criticism. This solution does not help in all cases. And if the doors are expensive and modern, you definitely won’t want to cut them. A budget door after such manipulations it will simply become distorted. Therefore, it is better to take the time once and mount the fan.

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Basic requirements for forced exhaust

In order for the fan in your room to fully fulfill all its obligations, you need to ensure compliance with a number of rules. First of all, the ventilation duct must work properly. If it is clogged, then even the most powerful fan will not be able to function normally. Therefore, you first need to check the channel for clogging and, if necessary, clean it.

During operation, the fan takes exhaust air from the room. Instead, a new one should go into the bathroom. Quite often, to do this, you have to create a 2 cm thick gap under the door to the room. It is better to foresee this moment in advance and purchase a door of the appropriate size, rather than sawing and damaging the canvas in the future.

The fan has a number of main characteristics, namely:

1. Performance level.
2. Noise qualities.
3. Functionality and safety.
4. Overall quality and cost.

Choose a unit that is suitable for the conditions of your specific bathroom and will meet your personal preferences.

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Preparing to install the fan

It is not difficult to connect and install the fan yourself. A waterproof model with a hydrostat is best suited for the bathroom. It will control the level of air humidity in the room. The advantage of such a fan is that it will turn on independently when the humidity in the room increases above the permissible value.

In progress self-installation you will need to do a number of operations, namely:

1. Lay the cable.
2. Expand the ventilation channel if necessary.
3. Connect the hood to the power supply.
4. Install the device into the channel.
5. Seal voids and cracks with foam.
6. Putty if desired polyurethane foam after hardening.

You can do all this yourself. If there is any doubt about own strength, you can turn to specialists for help.

In order for the air exchange system to be as efficient as possible, it is necessary to arrange on one side of the room exhaust ventilation, and on the opposite side – the inlet one. If the entrance and exit are located too close, this will reduce the ventilation of the bathroom. To ensure an influx fresh air into the room, you can mount a grille at the bottom of the door. These grilles are sold in construction stores. Installed without any problems, you can mount it yourself. If desired, you can purchase a door with a pre-installed grille.

During this process you will need the following:

1. Directly the fan.
2. Impact electric drill.
3. Screws, dowels.
4. Drill.
5. Pencil.
6. Screwdriver.
7. Insulating tape.
8. Pliers.

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Connecting the fan to the electrical system

How convenient and efficient a fan will be depends, first of all, on its functionality and range technical characteristics. The inclusion method also affects these indicators. There are several available schemes connecting exhaust units in the bathroom. You will need to think carefully when choosing a specific solution. Consider the features of the most common inclusion methods.

First of all, it is switched on using a cord. Many fan models are equipped with a switch built into the housing. And in most cases, this is a cord coming out of the case. The user pulls this cord and the fan turns on/off.

But such models are not always convenient. Most often, fans are installed under the ceiling or in various other hard to reach places. And if the renovation in the room has not yet been completed, then instead of a cord you can install a switch anywhere. To do this, separate wiring is laid from the fan and hidden under the facing material.

There are models that connect to a light source. They will turn on when the lighting in the bathroom is turned on. Turn off with him too. That is, two devices are simply connected to one switch. But such devices have a number of disadvantages. For example, the fan may not have time to sufficiently refresh the air while you are in the bathroom. In addition, if someone needs to go to the toilet at night, the noise of the device will wake up everyone in the household.

If your bathroom is not constantly damp and exhaust fan is installed solely to normalize air humidity after taking a bath or shower, the fan can be connected to a separate switch. It is very comfortable. The on/off button can be located next to the switches for the bathroom lighting sources.

The most convenient to use are fans with an automatic on/off system. Similar models equipped with an air humidity or motion sensor.

The fan turns on when the air humidity in the bathroom rises above the permissible value or when people enter it. Shutdown is triggered by a timer. The technique is very convenient, but relatively expensive, and therefore not as popular as the analogues described above.

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Instructions for laying electrical wiring

When installing the unit and connecting the device to the electrical network, it is imperative to follow safety precautions. Firstly, before starting work, check that the electrical circuit is turned off. Secondly, it is better to connect the wire contacts not with “twists”, but with special terminal blocks. They provide more reliable contact.

Copper wiring is supplied to the installation site of the unit. If you are not going to change the tiles in the bathroom, then the wiring will have to be run over it. To hide the wire as much as possible, you can send it in a special plastic box. The installation of the unit begins after it is connected to the power supply network.

This article will discuss connecting exhaust fans installed in bathrooms.
As practice has shown, the main difficulty when installing an exhaust fan is its connection diagram. There is really something to think about here - the ventilation in the bathroom can turn on different ways: together with lighting; from a separate switch (or from a separate key of a two/three-key switch); through a motion sensor; via a humidity sensor. Yes, and they can turn off in different ways - either immediately after turning off the light, or after a while (when the time relay is triggered). It is necessary to make a choice even before purchasing a fan, and even more so before carrying out finishing works in the bathroom (very often everything happens quite the opposite).

Everything is simple here: to connect you just need to supply 220 V power. The fan is turned on and off using a built-in switch (for example, a “cord”, like a sconce)

When using this scheme, the fan is turned on and off using a switch located (as a rule) in front of the entrance to the bathroom. It is much more convenient than in the first case, but for the circuit to work it is necessary to install an additional switch and lay two new cables from the distribution board. boxes (to the switch and fan) and make the appropriate connections.

A special feature of such fans is the fact that they do not turn off immediately after pressing a key on the switch, but after some time. This happens thanks to a timer that automatically turns off the fan after a specified time (adjustable from 2 to 30 minutes)
As for the connection, almost everything here is the same as in diagram 2. The only difference is that you need to connect another phase wire to the fan (directly from the junction box).

The most common connection method: in this case, the exhaust fan is turned on and off simultaneously with the lighting or from a separate key of a two/three-key switch. In addition, by slightly changing the circuit, you can connect a fan with a timer:

In conclusion, it is worth saying that to implement any of these schemes, you will need to purchase an appropriate exhaust fan and, if necessary, make a series of electrical installation work- installation of a switch, gating, cable laying, etc.
Issues directly related to the installation of exhaust fans will be covered in one of the upcoming articles.

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Usually, natural ventilation in old-built houses does not stand up to criticism. She can't support required level humidity, does not guarantee the absence unpleasant odors and cannot properly organize air circulation. In such conditions the most rational decision is the installation of exhaust fans.

There are several types of such devices, which differ in the design of the working parts and small additional devices. A common type of appliance is an exhaust fan with a timer. The built-in timer allows you to turn on the device simultaneously with the lighting in the bathroom and turn it off after a certain time after it is turned off. Thanks to this, there is no need to monitor the hood, optimal conditions indoors will be maintained automatically.

Main features of timer fans

The fan should be connected to a separate distribution box or lead directly to the switchboard.

To connect, you will need to lay additional wires leading to a fan with a timer from the lighting control switch.

The timer only needs to be set once to the appropriate operating mode, and it will work in this mode constantly, without requiring further adjustment of the parameters.

The timer itself is a simple device and it does not significantly increase the cost of the entire device.

The principle diagram of the fan operation is as follows: a person entering the room where the device is installed turns on the lighting, along with which the fan itself turns on. When leaving the room, the light turns off, but the fan continues to operate and operates for exactly the same amount of time as was specified when setting the timer.

In order to connect the fan, you need to connect 3 wires to the device: the constant phase of the main power supply, this phase will not be interrupted by any switches, except circuit breaker V electrical panel; control phase wire that comes from the switch; neutral conductor.

With this connection method, the fan turns on when the second phase wire, at the same time the lighting will turn on. When turned off, the phase from the second wire disappears and the light turns off, but the fan continues to work thanks to the presence of the first permanent phase wire, which remains connected until the timer opens it.