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General of the infantry Shakhovskaya 1st Ivan Leontievich (1777–1860) Descended from the ancient princely family of Rurikovich. Received a good home education. At the age of 8 he was registered as a sergeant in the Izmailovsky Life Guards Regiment, and at the age of 16 he was transferred to the Semenovsky Life Guards Regiment. From

Photo from the 1940s. Millions of young people like Ivan Zolin fought for their homeland.

Seven from the company

It remains for us to remember this wonderful man with dignity. I had a chance to talk with Ivan Mikhailovich ten years ago. A recording of this conversation has been preserved. Here's an excerpt:

We, born in 1926, were “picked up” by the war when the turning point had already arrived, but the rage and victims did not decrease. We were loaded into trains in batches. Today they brought it, and tomorrow half of it is gone. I remember that our unit had fought so hard that there were 120 people in the company, and then there were seven left. And these seven had to perform the same tasks as the 120. We have neither a company commander nor a platoon commander left - one sergeant for all. And I myself commanded a squad, I was a junior sergeant. We, alive, once had to lie among the dead. On the right - killed, on the left - killed. By morning we were gray. And how many times have we seen this death? Here he is a man - alive, and now he is no longer before our eyes. Of course, you think: now I do too. Although I wasn’t very afraid of this death. Of course, I wanted to live, but I didn’t know much fear...

Ivan Mikhailovich spoke sincerely. I believed him because I knew the history of the Zolin family. When he went to the front as a 17-year-old boy, he already knew that his father Mikhail Zolin died near Rzhev on June 24, 1942. He was buried in a mass grave where 10 thousand soldiers lay.

Imagine several large villages in one grave,” Ivan Mikhailovich said bitterly. - How many such graves are there...

Mom didn't wait

Ivan left, knowing that his father was no longer there, that they would not have to meet on the roads of war. Alas, he never saw his mother again. Maria Zolina, having lost her husband, sent her eldest son to war. I stayed at home with my four youngest children. She got sick, but lived to see the Victory. But I never saw my son Vanechka again.

Ivan Mikhailovich carefully kept his mother’s photograph all his life. His face was similar to her.

One thing consoled me: my mother knew that we had won and that I did not die. But we didn’t have a chance to meet.

Guardsman

He studied in Chebarkul at the school for junior commanders. And he became a real warrior when he joined the 107th Guards May Day Red Banner Order of Suvorov Airborne Division, in the 352nd Regiment, where he received his baptism of fire. This was the 3rd Ukrainian Front. Ivan Zolin’s military road ran through Ukraine. To the state border of the USSR, and then further across Europe. He was wounded and shell-shocked and could not speak. In the hospital, I chanted the words “Katyusha” - this was the technique, and after a few months the speech returned.

I was young, my body coped with it. There was enough courage and audacity. Sometimes they even behaved like hooligans. Once the guys and I climbed into a German tank, started it, and drove off. And our artillery began to hit the tank, it caught fire, we barely had time to jump out, our hands were burned.

In Austria, at a German airfield recaptured from the Nazis, we rode on the concrete on an enemy plane with bombs attached. Ivan Mikhailovich laughs:

Well, the officers arrived in time and dispersed us.

Neither tanks nor planes were alien to the soldier. Before the war, Ivan worked as a tractor driver. I became acquainted with airplanes in airborne units and jumped with a parachute more than once. It happened that we literally fell on the enemy, straight into battle. Fearlessness was especially needed in the battle at Lake Balaton in Hungary.

Fury of the Tanks

Ivan Mikhailovich said that he had never seen such fortifications as at Lake Balaton. And so many tanks - ours and others. The intensity of the fighting was such that people did not feel reality. The tanks were going to ram, and the infantry was fighting between them.

In war films I saw only pieces of the truth. “No one was able to show the real war,” said Ivan Mikhailovich.

He said the same thing about war heroes, for example, about Rokossovsky.

I saw him nearby, close. And even after the war I saw it, because for another five years I served in the Central Group of Forces, where Rokossovsky was the commander. In the movies, the artist doesn’t look like him. Konstantin Konstantinovich was better. Prominent, handsome, strict with officers, kind with soldiers. They loved him very much, they were proud of him...

In peacetime, Ivan Mikhailovich attended meetings of fellow soldiers more than once.

Did you enjoy these meetings? - I asked him.

Oh, my dear, we ate from the same pot, slept under the same overcoat, were not divided by nationality, we were all like brothers.

Live to bloom

The Zolin archive contains many photographs from regimental meetings: in Kerzhach, in Lukov, in Pervomaisk, in Poltava, in Akhtyrka, in Solnechny. Only soldiers know what stands behind these names. One of the photographs taken in the Ukrainian town of Akhtyrka shows a mass grave. Two and a half thousand soldiers lie in it, almost all without names.

And fate gave Ivan Mikhailovich long life, good family, five children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren. He was lucky to live in a village that was not affected by devastation. His entire peaceful life was spent in Sholaksay. And this is the phrase that ended our conversation: I want to live to see the flourishing of Kazakhstan. He said this as a citizen, as a patriot, as a soldier.

Z Olin Ivan Leontyevich – deputy squadron commander of the 242nd Bomber Aviation Regiment of the 5th Reserve Aviation Group of the Southern Front, senior lieutenant.

Born on July 7 (20), 1907 in the village of Klyuchi, now Suksunsky district, Perm Territory, into a peasant family. Russian. Graduated from 3rd grade. In 1929, he was one of the first to join the collective farm, was elected secretary of the Komsomol cell, and then secretary of the Kishert district committee of the Komsomol. Member of the CPSU(b) since 1932.

In the Red Army since 1933. Graduated from the Orenburg Military Aviation School. Participant of the Great Patriotic War since 1941.

Deputy squadron commander of the 242nd Bomber Aviation Regiment (5th Reserve Aviation Group, Southern Front), Senior Lieutenant Ivan Zolin, completed twenty-eight successful combat missions.

On September 23, 1941, I.L. Zolin’s plane was hit over the target. Brave pilot sent a burning bomber to the enemy crossing of the Dnieper and destroyed it at the cost of his life, inflicting significant damage to the enemy in manpower and military equipment.

U of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 6, 1942 for the exemplary execution of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against German fascist invaders and the courage and heroism demonstrated by senior lieutenant Zolin Ivan Leontievich was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Awarded the Order of Lenin.

The bust of the Hero was installed in the park bearing his name in the urban village of Suksun, Suksun district of the Perm Territory, and in the village of Klyuchi of the same district - Memorial plaque. A local school is named after the Hero. In the city of Berislav, Kherson region (Ukraine), a monument to the crew of I.L. Zolin was erected.

“It was the third month of the war. For the third month, the earth shook from the roar of guns and groaned under the tracks of tanks.

...At the field airfield, located near the Dnieper, very close to the front line, echoes of the battle were clearly heard. It continued all night, and now, in this early morning hour, when Ivan Zolin was awake, the battle seemed to be approaching again.

Ivan Zolin was older than many in his squadron. Older in age, older in rank. 27 missions under my belt.

The day came... The sun was shining brightly, and, strangely, nearby, very close, near the dugout, birds were singing.

A reconnaissance plane was returning from the northwest. Without entering the circle, he immediately sat down and taxied to the checkpoint. The lieutenant flying on reconnaissance told the chief of staff as he walked:

They approach along the highway. Tanks and motorized infantry. The head of the column is about to enter the bridge.

The maps rustled on the tablets. This is the front line. There's this curly red stripe. Our infantry is fighting to the death here.

Zolin makes notes on the map.

Strike in thirty minutes,” said the commander, “check the time... By planes!”

That’s how senior lieutenant Ivan Leontievich Zolin went on his twenty-eighth combat mission to bomb the crossing of the Dnieper. It was September 23, 1941 on the Southern Front.

We approached the bridge. Anti-aircraft batteries to the right and left of the crossing struck immediately.

Zolin's car was suddenly thrown upward. The engine sneezed, then again. A flame burst out from under the hood and immediately spread to the wing.

The instrument needles began to tremble feverishly. And the plane first went up and suddenly, like a shot bird, began to fall.

A burning torch rushes towards the bridge. There are only a hundred or two meters left. Even less. More... And there is an explosion. Column of fire and smoke. And when the smoke cleared, there was no bridge on the Dnieper.

Commissar of the Air Force of the Southern Front Alekseev, putting his signature on award list on Ivan Zolin, wrote a postscript: “A real Bolshevik fighter.”