Principal's accounting based on income minus expenses. Principal on the simplified tax system: when to recognize income. If the principal applies conventional...


The publication was prepared with the participation of specialists from the Department of Indirect Taxes and the Department of Small Business Taxation of the Federal Tax Service of Russia

Agency agreements are widespread in business practice. They are often used in the provision of transport services, in international trade and advertising business. How to calculate taxes for one of the parties to such an agreement - an agent applying the simplified taxation system? Let's talk about this.

Chapter 52 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation is devoted to the agency agreement. Under an agency agreement, one party, the principal, instructs the other party, the agent, to perform legally significant or other actions for a fee. The agent can execute the order either on his own behalf or on behalf of the principal. In both cases, the agent is paid with the principal’s funds. An agent who acts on his own behalf acquires rights and obligations arising from an agreement concluded with a third party.

The principal pays the agent a fee, the amount of which is provided for in the contract. If an agent undertakes to sell products, the amount of remuneration can be calculated as a percentage of sales volume. Moreover, the calculation can be based on both the total sales volume and the volume of sales for which payment has already been received.

Suppose an agent orders services on behalf of a principal or purchases property for him. In this case, the remuneration is expressed as a percentage of the cost of the purchased property or ordered services. Payment of remuneration may be conditional on the fact of execution of the order and set in a fixed amount.

The agent is obliged to provide the principal with reports on the execution of the order and attach to them documents confirming expenses incurred at the expense of the principal. The principal has the right to submit his objections to the report within 30 days.

Depending on the terms of the agency agreement, the remuneration is either paid to the agent by the principal after approval of the report, or is withheld by the agent from amounts due to the principal. The latter is possible if the agent acts on his own behalf (according to the model of a commission agreement in accordance with Article 997 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). This is explained by the fact that the rules provided for commission agreements apply to relations arising from agency agreements (Article 1011 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). But only on the condition that these rules do not contradict the provisions of the Civil Code on the agency agreement or the essence of such an agreement.

Let's consider the features of taxation of an agent using the simplified tax system.

Agency agreement in small business

As a rule, agency agreements are concluded for the purpose of transferring non-core activities for the company to a specialized organization. Often such an agent is a small enterprise, which fully justifies its use of the “simplified” approach. Firstly, there is a tangible economic benefit: in addition to other tax advantages, organizations that have switched to the “simplified system” do not pay VAT. For example, in the situation discussed in the article, a small advertising agency, competing with larger firms, can provide an additional 18% in its profit margin or make significant concessions to the customer when concluding an important contract. Secondly, it reduces labor costs for accounting. And finally, the third advantage: the less taxes an enterprise pays and the fewer reporting forms it submits, the less likely an error will result in tax penalties.

Agent's income

Let’s say that an agent undertakes under a contract to conclude a contract in the interests of the principal for organizing an advertising campaign and to conduct the principal’s affairs related to this assignment. As an object of taxation, the agent has the right to choose either income or income reduced by the amount of expenses. Article 346.15 of the Tax Code states that a taxpayer applying the “simplified tax” must be guided by the provisions of Articles 249 and 250 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation when determining income. Income specified in Article 251 of the Code is not taken into account for tax purposes. Therefore, funds received by the agent in connection with the fulfillment of his obligations under the agency agreement, for example, to pay the costs of producing advertising products, are not included in the single tax base.

This means that the taxable income of the “simplified” agent is his remuneration. Taxpayers using the simplified tax system use the cash method of determining income. As a rule, an agent who enters into a contract at the expense of the principal withholds the amount of remuneration from the funds received for the execution of the contract. Therefore, remuneration for tax purposes is recognized as income for the taxpayer-agent at the time of transfer of funds by the principal.

The agency agreement may provide that the agent pays for the advertising campaign from his own funds and then issues an invoice to the principal for reimbursement of expenses. In this case, the agent's income is also recognized at the time the remuneration is transferred. The amount of remuneration may be included in the amount of compensation transferred by the principal.

The moment of acceptance of the report by the principal is not particularly important, since the “simplified” agent recognizes income on a cash basis. Let's look at what has been said with an example.

The advertising agency "Alfa-Advertising" (LLC) has been using a simplified taxation system since its inception (August 1, 2005). The object of taxation is income. On August 15, 2005, the organization entered into an agency agreement with Beta LLC, according to which Alfa-Advertising LLC undertakes to organize an advertising campaign. Alfa-Reklama LLC valued its services at 12,000 rubles. To fulfill the agreement, Beta LLC transferred 112,000 rubles to the agent on August 16, 2005, including the amount of remuneration.

On August 19, 2005, Alfa-Reklama LLC paid for the production of posters with the symbols of Beta LLC in the amount of 100,000 rubles. This operation is not reflected in the Book of Income and Expenses, since it was carried out at the expense of the customer. In addition, the “Expenses” column is filled out only by taxpayers who have chosen income minus expenses as the object of taxation.

Payments to agency employees in August and September amounted to 800 rubles. The amount of insurance premiums paid to the Pension Fund in the third quarter of 2005 is 224 rubles. [(800 rub. + 800 rub.) x 14%]. The amount of insurance contributions for compulsory social insurance against accidents at work and occupational diseases is 3 rubles. [(800 rub. + 800 rub.) x 0.2%].

Temporary disability benefits were not paid. Alfa-Advertising LLC had no other operations in the third quarter of 2005. For tax purposes, the agent can only take into account the remuneration received from the principal of 12,000 rubles. This amount is indicated in section 2 of the single tax declaration on line 040 “Total income” and line 060 “Tax base for calculating the single tax.”

According to paragraph 3 of Article 346.21 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, a taxpayer who has chosen income as an object of taxation reduces the amount of the single tax by the amount of insurance contributions to the Pension Fund paid for the same period. In this case, the tax amount cannot be reduced by more than 50%. The amount of accrued single tax for the third quarter of 2005 will be 720 rubles. (12,000 rubles x 6%), 50% of this amount - 360 rubles. The contribution of Alfa-Reklama LLC to the Pension Fund for the third quarter is less. Consequently, the single tax can be reduced by the entire amount of insurance premiums. Thus, payment is due: 720 rubles. - 224 rub. = 496 rub. (lines 150 and 170 of section 2 of the declaration).

Agent expenses

The cash method is also used by “simplified people” when accounting for expenses (clause 2 of Article 346.17 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). This provision is relevant only for taxpayers who have chosen income minus expenses as the object of taxation. When determining the tax base for a single tax, the “simplified” agent must take into account the nature of the expenses he makes.

For the purposes of the advertising campaign, the agent from example 1 creates a budget for expenses associated with the execution of the order. He can make expenses at his own expense, periodically issuing invoices to the principal for reimbursement of expenses, or at the expense of the principal, participating in settlements between him and the actual performer of the work. However, when calculating the single tax paid by the “simplified” person, these amounts are not included in expenses.

The list of expenses that are taken into account for taxation is given in Article 346.16 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. These costs must be economically justified and documented. This is the requirement of paragraph 1 of Article 252 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

Agents who provide advertising services should pay attention to this point. Clause 20 of the list of expenses provides for the costs of advertising manufactured or purchased goods and trademarks. Obviously, we are talking about advertising goods owned by the taxpayer. This means that the agent does not have the right to recognize expenses for advertising the principal’s goods as expenses taken into account when calculating the single tax if the agreement provides for their reimbursement. Let us explain what has been said with examples. First, consider the situation where the agent acts on his own behalf.

Let's use the condition of example 1. Let's say that the object of taxation of Alfa-Advertising LLC has chosen income reduced by the amount of expenses.

On August 25, the society paid 5,000 rubles. for placing an advertisement about his services in the newspaper.

On August 31, the company accrued and on September 7 transferred insurance contributions to the Pension Fund for August in the amount of 112 rubles. (800 rub. x 14%). The agent has the right to take this amount into account in expenses that reduce the tax base for the single tax. In addition, these expenses should take into account contributions for compulsory insurance against accidents at work in the amount of 2 rubles. (800 rubles x 0.2%), also listed on September 7.

On September 30, insurance contributions to the Pension Fund for September were accrued in the amount of 112 rubles. (800 rub. x 14%). They were listed on October 7, that is, in the fourth quarter of 2005. According to the letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 07/06/2005 N03-11-04/2/17, taxpayers have the right to reduce the amount of single tax payable for a reporting or tax period by the amount of contributions to the Pension Fund actually paid in the same reporting or tax period. Therefore, insurance premiums for September paid in October are not taken into account in expenses for tax purposes in the third quarter of 2005.

Beta LLC approved the agent’s report on September 18, and on September 25 transferred to him reimbursement of expenses in the amount of 152,000 rubles. and a reward of 7,000 rubles. The agent had no other operations in the third quarter. The remaining reward amount is 5000 rubles. listed October 5th.

Thus, the agent can recognize income in the amount of the actual remuneration amount transferred.

In section 2 of the single tax declaration, in line 010 “Amount of income received,” the agent must indicate 7,000 rubles, and in line 020 “Amount of expenses incurred” - 6,714 rubles. The base for calculating the single tax will be 286 rubles. (7000 rubles - 6714 rubles), and the amount of single tax due for payment for the third quarter of 2005 is 43 rubles. (RUB 286 x 15%).

An agency agreement may provide that the agent acts on behalf of the principal. Let's look at this situation with an example.

Let's use the conditions of example 2 and change them. Let's assume that the agency agreement concluded between Beta LLC and Alfa Advertising LLC stipulates that the principal advances the costs of an advertising campaign. The agent's remuneration is 15% of the advertising campaign budget.

In addition to accruing and paying salaries, as well as transferring mandatory payments to funds, the agent carried out the following business transactions:

August 18 - funds were received according to the agency agreement in the amount of 230,000 rubles, including remuneration of 30,000 rubles;

August 20 - funds were transferred for the production of posters for Beta LLC - 200,000 rubles;

September 15 - funds were transferred for placing an advertisement about the agency.

Alfa-Reklama LLC did not carry out any other operations in the third quarter of 2005.

The agent recognizes income on a cash basis, so he must take into account the amount of remuneration as part of the income taken into account for calculating the single tax at the time of receiving the advance.

On September 25, Beta LLC approved the agent’s report on expenses incurred in the amount of 200,000 rubles. As already mentioned, this fact does not matter for the calculation of the single tax by the agent. The agent also does not take into account for tax purposes income and expenses associated with the execution of the order. This means that Alfa-Reklama LLC in section 2 of the single tax return on line 010 “Amount of income received” will reflect 30,000 rubles, and on line 020 “Amount of expenses incurred” - 13,714 rubles. The base for calculating the single tax will be 16,286 rubles. (30,000 rubles - 13,714 rubles), and the amount of single tax due for payment for the third quarter of 2005 is 2,443 rubles. (RUB 16,286 x 15%).

Do I need to pay VAT?

Paragraph 2 of Article 346.11 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation states that organizations and individual entrepreneurs using the “simplified tax” are not VAT payers. Therefore, when selling services, they do not have the right to charge VAT on their cost. Thus, an agent using the “simplified tax” does not have to issue an invoice to the principal with allocated VAT, and also keep a purchase book and a sales book. As a result, a company that has ordered the services of a “simplified” agent may have difficulties with “input” VAT on goods or services purchased with the help of an agent. What should I do? The simplest thing is to provide in the agency agreement a clause according to which the agent will act on behalf of the principal. In this case, the contractor will issue an invoice directly to the principal, who will, without much difficulty, deduct VAT on the services of the contractor.

If the agent acts on his own behalf, the contractor, in accordance with Article 169 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, issues an invoice to the agent within 5 days. The agent then issues an invoice to the principal based on the invoice details received from the contractor. None of the agent's invoices are recorded in the purchase ledger and sales ledger. This procedure is provided for by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 2, 2000 N 914.

Under the agency agreement, Alfa-Reklama LLC (agent) undertakes to find a supplier of branded bags for Beta LLC (principal) and produce them. The agent acts on his own behalf. Order cost - 118,000 rubles. Remuneration of Alfa-Advertising LLC (agent) - 12,000 rubles. Alfa-Reklama LLC will perform the following business operations (Table 6).

Alfa-Reklama LLC does not have the right to accept VAT in the amount of 18,000 rubles. for deduction. Alfa-Advertising LLC is obliged to issue Beta LLC an invoice in the amount of 118,000 rubles. Alfa-Advertising LLC does not issue an invoice for agency fees.

Beta LLC will be able to deduct VAT in the amount of 18,000 rubles. based on the invoice received from the agent, after actual payment for the packages and their acceptance for accounting.

/Russian Tax Courier, 09.19.2005/

Should an agent who worked under the simplified tax system (STS) use a cash register? And what kind of revenue should be reported on the cash register: only the agent’s remuneration or the total income received by the agent? The Ministry of Finance considered this issue in letter No. 03-11-06/2/40279 dated September 30, 2013. and drew conclusions.

First, let's define what constitutes an agent's remuneration? Let's turn to Art. 1005 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, which defines the essence of an agency agreement, which consists in the fact that one party (agent), on behalf of the other (principal), performs legal and other actions on its own behalf, but at the expense of the principal, or on behalf and at the expense of the principal for a certain reward. The amount and procedure for paying agency fees are determined by the parties in the agency agreement.

If the agent works on the simplified tax system (“simplified system”), then on the basis of clause 1.1 of Art. 346.15 of the Tax Code, the income of an agent does not include income taken into account in Article 251 of the Tax Code.

Based on clause 9 of clause 1 of this article, the agent’s income does not include the property (money) of the principal transferred to the agent, commission agent or attorney to carry out his duties under an agency agreement, commission agreement or other similar agreement if these incomes are not are included in the expenses of the agent, commission agent, and attorney. The remuneration of an agent, commission agent, or attorney is not included in this type of income.

Thus, an agent’s income when working for the simplified tax system is considered only the amount of his commission received.

The date of receipt of income by the agent when working on a “simplified” basis on the basis of clause 1 of Art. 346.17 of the Tax Code is considered the day of receipt of proceeds to the current account, cash desk, receipt of property rights or other property, as well as repayment of debt to the agent in another way. In this case, simplified employees use the cash method of accounting.

If it is impossible to separate the agent’s remuneration from the total amount of the agent’s income received, tax authorities adhere to the version that the entire amount should be defined as the agent’s income with appropriate taxation. In the future, the agent can adjust the revenue received by the amount of goods (services) paid to the supplier. In this case, the reward is considered to be savings from the transaction.

Does an agent need a cash register? Based on paragraph 1 of Art. 2 of Federal Law No. 54-FZ CCT is mandatory used by organizations and individual entrepreneurs for cash payments or payments using payment cards when selling goods, performing work, or providing services.

When the principal transfers funds to the agent on the basis of an agency agreement, this operation is not an operation for the sale of goods (works, services); accordingly, it does not fall under the scope of Law No. 54-FZ, i.e. The agent does not need a cash register.

Read the definition of agent remuneration using examples.

Types of intermediary agreements, defined similarly to agency agreements.

Free book

Go on vacation soon!

To receive a free book, enter your information in the form below and click the "Get Book" button.

Question

The organization is on the simplified tax system of 15%. Is it possible to include in expenses the agency fee paid by the Organization-Principal to the Agent for searching and attracting clients, agreeing with them on draft contracts and concluding contracts with them in the future on behalf of the Organization-Principal. The remuneration is calculated as a certain percentage of the amounts received by the Principal on the account from the Clients. Every month the Agent submits a report on the work done and indicates the amount of remuneration.

Answer

The principal has the right to include the amount of remuneration paid to the agent as expenses after approval of the agent’s report (clause 24, clause 1, article 346.16, clause 2, article 346.17 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). At the same time, for tax purposes, the amount of “input” VAT related to remuneration is also taken into account (clause 8, clause 1, article 346.16 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Simplified tax system for settlements with an agent on prepayment terms (in advance)

The amounts of prepayment (advance payment) transferred to the agent (withheld by him) are not included in the principal’s expenses. This is due to the fact that when applying the simplified tax system, expenses are recognized as expenses after they are actually paid. Payment means the termination of the principal’s obligation to the agent, which is directly related to the provision of intermediary services (clause 2 of Article 346.17 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, Letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 04/03/2015 N 03-11-11/18801). As of the date of transfer of the prepayment (advance payment), such an obligation has not arisen and the costs have not yet been incurred. Consequently, if the agency fee is paid in advance (in advance), the corresponding amount is included in expenses after the provision of intermediary services (clause 2 of Article 346.17 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Related questions:


  1. We sell OS. in 2014 switched to the simplified tax system (income-expenses) with OSNO OS was paid at the remaining cost. (useful life up to 15 years) in 2014 wrote off 50% of the cost in 2015......

  2. We apply the simplified tax system for income and enter into an agency agreement in which we will be an agent. How is taxation carried out in this transaction? If possible, please send a sample agency agreement.
    ✒ The principal is obliged to pay......

  3. Individual entrepreneurs using the simplified tax system (USN) pay 15% to rent out their premises to an organization. 1. Can he include the cost of housing maintenance, namely utilities, electricity. 2. Please send an application......

  4. Hello! Can an organization charge VAT on advances issued for deduction if this advance is a full or partial prepayment under a contract for the construction of a fixed asset?
    ✒ When transferring......

The fundamentals of activities in the field of tourism are regulated by the norms of the Federal Law of November 24, 1996 No. 132-FZ “On the fundamentals of tourism activities in the Russian Federation.” According to Article 9 of the said law, the promotion and sale of a tourism product by a travel agent is carried out on the basis of an agreement concluded between him and the tour operator. In this case, the travel agent acts on behalf of and on behalf of the tour operator, and in cases provided for in the agreement concluded between the tour operator and the travel agent, on his own behalf.

A travel agent can enter into agency agreements and commercial commission agreements with the tour operator. The best way of interaction between tour operators and travel agents is to conclude an agency agreement.

Agency Features

Under an agency agreement, one party (agent) undertakes, for a fee, to perform legal and other actions on behalf of the other party (principal) on its own behalf, but at the expense of the principal or on behalf and at the expense of the principal. This is paragraph 1 of Article 1005 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. In this case, the principal is obliged to pay the agent remuneration in the amount and in the manner established in the agency agreement (Article 1006 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

Agent's report

Article 1008 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation provides for the reporting of the agent to the principal. According to paragraph 2 of this article, unless otherwise provided by the agency agreement, the necessary evidence of expenses incurred by the agent at the expense of the principal must be attached to the agent’s report.

The travel agent's expenses are reimbursed by the tour operator in accordance with Article 1001 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and are subject to inclusion in the expenses of the principal (tour operator).

The remuneration is set at a fixed amount

Perhaps, under the terms of the agency agreement, the tour operator sets the agency fee in the form of a fixed amount. In this case, by selling a tourism product, the travel agent can receive additional

The contract with the tour operator may indicate that the additional benefit remains at the disposal of the travel agent. That is, a travel agent’s income is formed from agency fees and additional benefits. A travel agent can report an agent with a separate column “additional benefit” or additionally issue an accounting certificate indicating the amount of additional benefit received with reference to the receipt order or for which this income was received, and a reference to the clause of the agency agreement.

In the accounting of a tour operator, the additional benefit remaining at the disposal of the travel agent forms the income of the tour operator and is at the same time reflected in it as part of the costs of paying agency fees.

If the contract does not indicate how the travel agent should dispose of the additional benefit, he should return it to the tour operator. After all, everything received by the agent during the execution of the intermediary contract is the property of the principal, including additional benefits. The agent is obliged to transfer to the principal everything received under the agency agreement, and the principal is obliged to accept (Articles 999, 1000, 1011 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

Tax accounting

According to paragraph 1 of Article 346.15 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, when determining the object of taxation for a single “simplified” tax, the following are taken into account:

Income from sales determined on the basis of Article 249 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation;

Non-operating income determined on the basis of Article 250 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

But the income provided for in Article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation is not included in the tax base.

In this case, income is recognized on a cash basis. That is, the date of their receipt is considered to be the day of receipt of funds into accounts at and (or) the cash desk, receipt of other property (work, services) and (or) property rights (clause 1 of Article 346.17 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

In accordance with subparagraph 9 of paragraph 1 of Article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, when determining the tax base, income in the form of property (including funds) received by the agent in connection with the fulfillment of obligations under the agency agreement is not taken into account. As well as income received to reimburse expenses incurred by the agent for the principal, if such expenses are not subject to inclusion in the agent’s expenses in accordance with the conditions. The specified income does not include commission, agency or other similar remuneration.

According to the provisions of Article 249 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the agent’s remuneration is considered as income from the sale of services.

Confirms that the agent’s income under the simplified tax system includes only agency fees. This conclusion, in particular, is contained in letters dated September 4, 2013 No. 03-11-11/36394, dated April 18, 2013 No. 03-11-11/149, dated November 8, 2012 No. 03-11- 06/2/136.

Previously, the main department also indicated that when concluding an agency agreement, the amounts of money that a travel agent, on the basis of a concluded agency agreement, transfers to the tour operator on behalf of the principal (individual, tourist) are not the income of the travel agent; the object of taxation is only the amount of the remuneration received. This is stated in the letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated November 23, 2007 No. 03-11-04/2/282.

Received by a travel agent as compensation for expenses incurred under an agency agreement, when determining the tax base, are not taken into account as part of the travel agent’s income, if the expenses that are reimbursed were not included in the agent’s expenses (letter of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated March 7, 2006 No. 20-12/19605).

The additional benefit remaining at the disposal of the travel agent is taken into account for taxation as part of non-operating income. This was stated in the letter of the Federal Tax Service of Russia for Moscow dated December 14, 2005 No. 18-12/3/91935.

In some cases, contracts between a tour operator and a travel agent are concluded in such a way that they contain an instruction to sell tours at fixed prices. If a tourist product is sold at a discount, without agreement with the tour operator, the agent’s expense in the form of the amount of the discount provided is not taken into account for tax purposes. In this case, the agent’s report reflects the remuneration without taking into account the discount.

In this case, the travel agent takes into account in taxable income the agency fee received for the provision of services for the sale of tourism products, to the extent provided for in the agency agreement. This clarification is contained in the letter of the Federal Tax Service of Russia for Moscow dated December 18, 2009 No. 16-15/133970.

But if a discount is provided to the buyer under a sales contract, it reduces taxable income. That is, the agent’s income under the simplified tax system from sales is taken into account in the amounts actually received, taking into account discounts provided to buyers (letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated March 11, 2013 No. 03-11-06/2/7121).

Your client - the principal - can hire you to buy anything: an apartment, advertising or phones from China. When you agree on the terms of the transaction, he will transfer you money to pay for goods or services. In some situations, the principal pays for the purchase directly, and your task is only to find the seller and negotiate a deal with him. For the work you will receive an agency fee from the principal.

The service will calculate taxes and prepare reports for individual entrepreneurs, LLCs and employees. You can do it even if you don’t know anything about accounting.

Pay the simplified tax system only from your remuneration

The money that the principal transferred to pay for the goods or services is not your income. Therefore, tax must be paid only on agency fees.

To determine the date of receipt of income, carefully read the clause of the contract that establishes the agency fee and the procedure for its payment.

The amount of remuneration is fixed in the contract.

​The principal can transfer the remuneration in a separate amount or you yourself will withhold it from the money received for the purchase. Take the remuneration into account in the simplified tax system on the day you receive money from the principal.

For example, you place an advertisement for a principal on Yandex.Direct. He transfers you 15,000 rubles, of which you keep your reward - 5,000 rubles - yourself, and spend 10,000 rubles to pay Yandex. Take into account 5,000 rubles in the income of the simplified tax system on the day you receive money from the principal.

You do not know the amount of the remuneration in advance and withhold it from the money received from the principal.

In such a situation, on the day you receive money from the principal, take into account the entire amount in the income of the simplified tax system. When you agree on the amount of the fee and approve it with the agent's report, you can reduce your income.

For example, you are buying furniture for the principal's office. He transfers you 200,000 rubles. According to the terms of the deal, your reward is what remains after the purchase. Therefore, on the day you receive money from the principal, you do not yet know the exact amount of the remuneration and take into account all 200,000 rubles in your income. After purchasing the furniture, 20,000 rubles remain - this is your reward. You approve it with the agent’s report and on the same day make an adjusting entry in KUDiR: income of 180,000 rubles with a minus sign.

If the principal works with VAT, issue an invoice

You will be faced with VAT and invoicing if three conditions are met at the same time:

  • you buy on your own behalf;
  • the principal works with VAT;
  • The seller issued an invoice.

You need to re-issue the invoice received from the seller with the same details. Only in the buyer's data indicate the principal's details and change the invoice number according to your numbering. Provide the principal with the reissued invoice and a copy of the seller's invoice.

Register both invoices - received from the seller and re-issued to the principal - in the invoice journal. This journal must be sent via the Internet to the tax office by the 20th day of the month following the quarter in which the invoices were issued.

In Elbe, issue an invoice with the transaction type “Purchased on my own behalf as an agent for clients (principals) on OSNO goods or services with VAT.” At the end of the quarter, a task on VAT reporting will appear in the “Current tasks” section.

If you are not buying on your own behalf, you won’t have to do all this. The seller will immediately indicate the principal’s details on the invoice, and you will just hand it over.

Give the agent's report to the principal

Do not forget to report to the principal on the work done. To do this, draw up an agent report within the deadlines established by the contract - every week, monthly, or only based on the results of work.

In the report, indicate what you bought for the principal and how much money you spent on it. Attach to the report documents confirming the purchase - acts, invoices, checks, etc. Also write down the amount of your remuneration in the report. If this is not done, you will have to draw up a separate act for the agency fee.