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A flat roof is still an unusual decoration for country cottages. It is believed that flat roofs are intended only for urban development or industrial buildings. But that's not true. The roofs of houses in historical neighborhoods are often pitched. And a private house can have a flat roof.

Now we will look at what it is, what are the advantages/cons and how to make a flat roof with your own hands.

Types of flat roof

Structurally, flat roofs are divided into two main types: those on beams and those with a concrete slab at the base.

Flat roofs are never completely flat; there is still a slight angle (within a few degrees). This is necessary for water drainage. Otherwise it will stagnate on the roof.

Most often, internal drains are installed on flat roofs: funnels are mounted in the roof, and risers from them pass through the interior. Funnels are placed on the lower part of the roof, at the rate of one riser per 150-200 square meters.

The waterproofing around the funnels is reinforced; cable heating is also recommended (so that the water in the riser does not freeze). If the roof is flat without a parapet, and the angle is decent (from 6 degrees), the drainage system can be a standard external one, as for pitched roofs: gutter and pipes.

Roofs are divided according to functionality, roofing structure and type of coating. Here are a few main varieties:

• The unused roof is flat. It is built solely for the sake of originality and saving material. Does not require structural reinforcement.

• Operable flat roof. It can be used for any purpose, from placing an outdoor swimming pool to constructing a parking lot.

The type of floor depends on the intended purpose: it is obvious that for high expected loads, the base should be a concrete slab. But this does not mean that the entire building must be brick or concrete. For example, a flat roof in a wooden house can also be used. Of course, it cannot be used as a helipad, but setting up a solarium, laying out a garden or putting up a gazebo for tea drinking is fine. Of course, you can’t make a sparse sheathing, only a continuous one.

• Traditional roofing. Classic performance roofing pie: waterproofing layer on top of the insulation, base – concrete, for water drainage – expanded clay concrete (inclined screed).

• Inversion roofing. Here the insulation lies on top of the waterproofing and protects it from damage. The floor can be finished with paving or ceramic tiles, you can also plant a lawn here. A mandatory requirement for an inversion design is an angle of 3-5 degrees.

Roofs can be attic or non-attic. Both types have their advantages: the presence of an attic allows you to place all the necessary communications on it (ventilation pipes, expansion tank heating, etc.), a roofless roof can be made usable.

One of the options for a non-attic design is a flat combined roof: the attic floor is combined with the roof, the lower side is the ceiling in the living room.

note

The design of these roofs differs from simple attics; they cannot be used for use.

When the height of the house is ten meters or higher, as well as on roofs in use, a parapet must be installed. For those in use - no less than 1.2 meters.

If the roof is not in use and the cottage is not high, you can make a flat roof without a parapet or install fencing bars instead, or even do without them.

General structure of a flat roof

It is obvious that in exploited roofs for various purposes the device will be different:

When constructing a swimming pool, pay special attention to waterproofing;

“Green” roofing is also a thorough waterproofing plus soil filling, etc.

The most common covering is flat roofing. It is cheap, simple and high speed installation, excellent waterproofing. Most cheap material, which can be used to cover a flat roof - roofing felt.

Disadvantages of rolled materials (and roofing felt in particular) - low durability, low mechanical strength. For “high traffic” roofs, tiles are preferable.

Flat roof made of and flat roofs made of corrugated sheets can only be made in a non-operational version and if there is required slope. When choosing a material, you need to read the instructions for the model: some types of corrugated sheets and metal tiles allow installation on roofs with a slope of less than 11 degrees.

Some brands of corrugated sheets can also be used as a base for an unused roof, instead of plywood or a concrete slab.

There are other coating materials for unused roofs:

• Polycarbonate;

Pros and cons of flat roofs

Advantages:

• Original look. Flat roofs on cottages are rare.
• Possibility of operation.
• Flat roof – easy installation and savings on materials. But it depends on how you plan to use the roof. Otherwise, construction will cost even more than an expensive pitched roof made of ceramic tiles.
• Laying covering, maintenance, and repairs on a flat roof are easier to perform than on a slope.
• Flat roofs are wind-resistant, pitched roofs have windage.

Minuses:

• A flat roof leaks more often than a pitched roof. Constant monitoring of the condition of the waterproofing layer is necessary.
• The need to clear the roof of snow.
• Rolled flat roofing requires more frequent repairs and replacement of the covering than metal profiles, tiles and other pitched ones.

So which roof is better, flat or pitched? Purely a matter of taste.

Building a flat roof

Let's consider the option when a corrugated sheet is used as the base of the roof:

1. Sheets are laid on the beams (rafters). The pitch between the rafters depends on the profile. For example, for load-bearing profiles with a corrugation height of 6-7.5 centimeters (H60, H75), the step between the beams is 3-4 meters.

2. Laying a vapor barrier film. The film is laid with an overlap, the joints must be sealed with mounting tape.

3. Thermal insulation. Mineral wool slabs are usually used for this purpose. Please note that the depressions of the corrugation also need to be filled with insulation.

4. Waterproofing. Polymer film is suitable for this purpose. If the insulation is mineral wool, you can also use built-up waterproofing, because cotton wool is a non-flammable material.

5. Finish coating. You can also use a welded one. The roll is slowly rolled out on the roof, heating it with a burner along its entire length. The deposited coating is pressed against the roof and smoothed.

6. On flat roofs, a fused roofing can be laid in several layers.

In other cases, a flat roof on wooden beams is arranged more traditionally: a solid plywood or OSB sheathing is nailed onto the beams, a roofing pie is laid (vapor barrier + basalt wool), direct the waterproofing layer and roll roofing.

If you are interested in a flat roof with a more complex structure, please contact us: we will complete roofing of any complexity quickly and efficiently. affordable price.

One of the practical and fairly simple structures to install is a flat roof. Despite many years of construction experience, such roofs still remain exclusive on the market. Flat cover has many advantages, including ease of DIY assembly.

What types of flat roofs are there, what is their difference?

Flat roofs are:

• exploited and unexploited;
• traditional and inversion;
• breathable;
• green.

Let's take a closer look at each type.

1. Operable roof. main feature coating - prevent defects in the waterproofing layer using corrugated sheets or concrete screed. As insulation, you should select a material that can withstand high compressive loads. When using an insulator that is not rigid enough, you can achieve the required strength by creating another layer of screed. In conditions of shortage of free space, flat roofs are widely used for arranging summer cafes, parking, and recreation areas. The structure of the roof in use is presented:
   
2. Unused roof. It differs from the previous type of structure in its simplicity of arrangement, low requirements for the base and insulation. The only disadvantage of such a roof is its short service life.
3. Traditional roof. The coating consists of several layers, which includes a vapor barrier laid on top of the base. This film protects the insulation (foam or mineral wool) from moisture.

   In a traditional roof, all layers are in the usual order

4. Inversion design. A distinctive feature is the laying of insulation over the waterproofing film, which guarantees its protection from sources of negative influence. The insulation is selected that does not lose its properties even when the humidity level increases, for example, panels made of extruded polystyrene. An inversion roof can be used as a functional roof - it can be a green lawn or a pedestrian area.

   In an inversion roof, the insulation is laid on a waterproofing layer

5. Roof with breathable coating. This type of roofing prevents the formation of steam in the heat-insulating layers and does not require dismantling the old covering, since it can be installed as an additional main carpet.

   Breathable roof covering prevents condensation

6. Roof with landscaping. The lack of lawns near the house can be compensated by arranging a lawn or a whole park on a flat roof. The planning of such a covering is carried out at the design stage of the building, which is explained by the need to calculate the reinforcement under the load exerted by the soil layer. Green roof installation diagram:
   

By type of use green roof can be extensive when seated only lawn grass, and intense, when flowers, shrubs, and trees grow on the roof.

Identifying the advantages and disadvantages of using flat roofs

With proper installation and laying of the waterproofing layer, a flat roof has positive qualities:

• allows you to save on building materials due to a smaller construction area;
• erected much faster than other types of roofs;
• Maintenance and repair are quite simple;
• provides the creation of additional space for, for example, sports complexes, recreation areas, flower beds;
• allows the use of paving stones or paving slabs.

The special structure makes the roof more vulnerable to negative climatic conditions, giving it a number of disadvantages:

• the formation of leaks during the melting of a large volume of snow cover;
• need to create drainage system;
• problems arise in the operation of the drain: blockages form, it freezes in winter;
• need for snow removal;
• the need for periodic inspection to prevent moisture from penetrating into the insulation layer;
• the need for quick repairs in case of roof leakage.

Video: what is good about a flat roof

What you need to know when installing a flat structure

There are certain rules for installing a flat roof:

1. Horizontal laying without a slight slope is not allowed. The minimum angle value is 5 degrees, which will ensure independent precipitation. To create a slope, in addition to the coating itself, a bedding made of expanded clay or slag should be used. You should not make a slope of 10 degrees or more - it will not allow the heat-insulating layer to be laid evenly.
2. For vapor barrier, a bitumen-polymer membrane with fiberglass reinforcement or a vapor barrier film is used.
3. At the edges, the vapor barrier is attached above the insulation with mandatory sealing of the seams.
4. Thermal insulation material is placed on top of the vapor barrier film, and above it is a bitumen waterproofing carpet. When using expanded clay as insulation, it is necessary to pour a cement screed with further installation of a two-layer waterproofing.

There cannot be a perfectly flat roof on a residential building; it must be equipped with a slight slope

Sequence of roof installation on wooden beams

After completing the assembly of load-bearing walls, you can attach the main floor beams to anchor bolts taking into account a gap of 0.5–1 m. They are selected according to the calculated weight of the roof and average annual value precipitation. Beams can have a section of 150x150 mm or 100x100 mm.

The process itself takes place in several stages:

1. On top of the supporting structure it is equipped continuous sheathing(without cracks or gaps) from edged boards 20–25 mm.
2. At the next stage, polymer waterproofing is laid so that each top layer is overlapped with the previous one and taped.
3. Then the thermal insulation is installed. The most the best option The use of insulating mats made of fiberglass or sheets of extruded polystyrene foam is considered. To avoid the appearance of condensation and destruction of this layer in the future, the material should be tightly fastened together. In addition, unsewn cracks can become a source of cold bridges.
4. Installation of moisture-resistant plywood or OSB boards. On top of this coverage roofing material is laid. You can choose any, for example, soft tiles.

Features of the rafter system

The purpose of the truss structure is to distribute the roof load across the support points. A flat roof can be erected on rafters of three types of fastening:

1. Hanging rafter system. It is suitable if there is no support between the side beams. The structure is assembled on the ground and then transported to the log house. Pine, reinforced concrete and metal elements. The rafters are taken with a section of 5x15 cm, the lathing - 5x5 cm
2. Layered system. The rafters are laid at an angle to external walls at a distance of 60–140 cm from each other. The upper part of the structure rests on a beam reinforced with racks and struts. As a rule, such a structure is suitable for the construction of outbuildings.
3. sliding truss structure. Installed on houses that undergo shrinkage during the first year of operation (for example, made of timber). Assembly is carried out to the ridge log so that the rafters are overlapped or end-to-end. To avoid sagging of the roofing system and deformation of the log house, the rafter legs are loosely fixed to the mauerlat.

The larger the roof size, the greater the slope of the rafters should be.

Video: covering a flat roof

Performing calculations

When performing installation work, as with any construction project, it is necessary to operate with basic data.

Snow load

For the calculation there is a generally accepted formula: Q=G*S, where Q is the snow load, G is the mass of snow in kg/sq.m (the value can be taken from the snow cover level table), S is a coefficient determined from the angle of inclination of the roof:

• when tilted up to 25 degrees S=1;
• at a tilt of 25–60 degrees S=0.7;
• with a slope of 60 degrees or more, you can not take into account the level of snow load, since precipitation is unlikely to be retained on such a slope.

An example of calculating the amount of snow load when a house is located in Russia with Q equal to 180 kg/m 2.

The roof slope is 23 degrees, which gives a maximum snow load Q=180*1=180 kg/m2.

To lay the foundation correctly, you need to know the entire mass of the snow cover using the formula M=Q*S, where M is the mass of snow, S is the area of ​​the roof.

In this example, the area is 150 m2.

When calculating the total load from precipitation in winter time it turns out M=180*150=27000 kg or 27 tons.

Roof area

Flat roofs, as a rule, coincide in area with the area of ​​the house or the under-roof part.

Water intake funnels

One funnel can serve up to 200 m2 of roof, the distance between them must be more than 50 cm, and the diameter of the drainpipe must be from 10 cm. Regardless of the roof area, there must be at least two funnels on it, otherwise flooding or clogging of the system is possible.

To correctly determine the number of water intake funnels, it is necessary to operate with data on the intensity and frequency of precipitation.

Structure of a flat roof roofing pie

Construction of the structure is allowed in two ways:

Installation of roof waterproofing

Waterproofing work, regardless of the type of flat roof, is the same and is carried out taking into account a number of requirements:

• the roof structure should have a slight slope for free flow of precipitation;
• the waterproofing layer is laid in the form of a solid and homogeneous sheet;
• the throughput of the drainage system should be as high as possible;
• The waterproofing near the communications outlet must be slightly raised.

To arrange a flat roof, you can use different materials:

Video: DIY flat roof waterproofing

Laying insulation on a flat roof

Selecting insulation from the practical and inexpensive materials presented today will not be difficult:

Any craftsman can independently insulate a roof, regardless of the material chosen, according to the presented diagram:

1. Selection and calculation of insulation. During installation, the slabs are cut into pieces the right size, so it is recommended to take extra material.
2. Preparing the base for insulation: cleaning, laying vapor barrier.
3. Laying the material. To avoid the formation of condensation, it is recommended to install the insulation at a distance of 2 cm from the film or use anti-condensation material. Suitable for attaching thermal insulation material to the base. bitumen mastic, special glue, liquid nails, although regular nails can also be used.
4. Sealing joints. In order to eliminate inter-tile cracks and gaps, you will need polyurethane foam.

Treatment of wooden roofs against fire

Creation fire retardant coating on roofing structures is carried out using the following methods:

• constructive - involves the use of fire-resistant heat insulators, screens, partitions;
• mechanical processing method - applying special compounds to wooden elements to slow down or prevent the combustion process. As a rule, such products also have antiseptic properties.

The main tasks of fire retardants are:

• making structures resistant to fire;
• creating clear boundaries of flame spread;
• reducing the level of smoke formation and the release of toxic substances.

There are two types of impregnations:

1. Intumescent - when exposed to heat, they swell and create a kind of hard, fire-resistant shield.
2. Non-intumescent - highly fire-resistant varnish-painting compositions, which, due to their thin layer, prevent the roofing material from catching fire.

All wooden elements of a flat roof must be coated with fire retardant impregnations.

For processing wooden elements It is recommended to use salt impregnations (the protection lasts for about 2–4 years) or organic mixtures (the fire resistance effect lasts about 17 years). If it is necessary to emphasize the natural structure of wood, protective varnishes and paints can be used. Due to coating with impregnations and agents on water based the wood does not ignite, but chars.

Maximum protection is deep roof treatment performed under high pressure, as a result of which a new surface is formed that is not susceptible to the destructive effects of flame.

One of the dangerous consequences of fire is deformation and collapse metal structures, so applying protective agent especially necessary in crowded places. Thus, steel roof parts are plastered or painted with intumescent agents. Due to the layer of plaster, the metal does not heat up, maintaining its load-bearing capabilities. The disadvantage of this method is the fragility of the coating and low resistance to mechanical damage. A higher quality analogue is considered to be painting, when the coating creates a thick layer under strong heating that does not allow the roof structure to heat up for 0.3–2.5 hours.

Metal roofing material is fire resistant

When choosing a treatment method, you should take into account the characteristics of roofing materials. So, if tiles are laid on the roof, then at the time of a fire only smoke will appear, and the covering will crack. Roofing material based on bitumen-polymer is dangerous due to rapid flammability and the spread of fire to nearby surfaces.

Thus, despite the simplicity of this work, when installing it yourself, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the region in which the roof is used, its rafter system and the roofing pie. If all recommendations are followed, the design will be durable and resistant to negative influences in the form of climate change, precipitation, mechanical loads, fire.

Ventilation features

Regardless of the design, the roof must be well ventilated, otherwise problems cannot be avoided that can cause damage to the roof. Ventilation is a system that allows you to keep each layer of the roofing cake from moisture. In this case, you must follow certain rules:

1. For proper air exchange, an aerator is used - metal or plastic pipe, which is located at certain points throughout the entire roof area.
2. It is necessary to install cone-shaped umbrellas that protect the roof from precipitation. Unnecessary moisture is removed due to the pressure difference.

Installation of aerators

The main function of these devices is to remove excess moisture and remove moist air outside. They can be installed both during the construction of the roof and during operation. In some cases, installing an aerator is a preventative measure to prevent rotting of the roof's outer covering.

The flat roof ventilation system must be equipped with aerators

The number of these parts on the roof depends on its area, the volume of condensate and moisture, and the condition of the roof. It is necessary to increase them in the case of installing a roof over specific premises, such as a bathhouse or a swimming pool.

The ventilation process itself is ensured by special pipes. These are also polyethylene aerators with a diameter of 6 to 12 cm. Their special feature is the presence of umbrellas.

The aerator installation process is as follows:

1. You must first check the condition of the insulation. If this is necessary, the material must be replaced.
2. Lubricate the lower part of the aerator with mastic and then attach it to the base of the roof. Carefully secure the skirt with several self-tapping screws.
3. The junction of the aerators must be sealed with waterproofing material.

Ventilation duct for a flat roof with a superstructure

In the case of a flat roof with a superstructure, the ventilation outlets must be mounted vertically. This way they will be able to direct air flows, create draft, and protect the roof ventilation system from rain and snow. The peculiarity of a flat roof with a superstructure is that its ventilation system does not have connections using adapters. Additionally, you can install an electric fan. It works so silently and efficiently that you will not hear any sound from it.

Aerators can be equipped with electric fans

Lightning protection mesh down conductor

Every home needs lightning protection. In the case of a flat roof, all work is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. An air terminal is used in the form of a mesh, which can be made of round steel with a diameter of 6–8 mm.
2. The tap is a metal conductor made of wire with a cross-section of 6 mm, which must be connected to ground. It is recommended to make the underground part from rolled steel with a diameter of 10 mm. You can also use pipes and fittings as a down conductor. If there are several of these parts, then they need to be installed at a distance of 25 m from each other.
3. If the flat roof is covered metal material, then the lightning rod system can be supplemented with a steel sheathing, which just needs to be connected to the roof. This system relevant only for seam roofs.

A mesh lightning rod is suitable for a flat roof.

The mesh lightning rod system can be installed both during the process of arranging the roof and during the laying of the covering. The first option is recommended when using non-combustible insulation. In this case, the mesh is placed under the waterproofing. The second option has no restrictions, but such a lightning rod affects not only the appearance of the house, but also the necessary specifications roofs. To do this, simply lay the mesh on the roof surface and secure it with special holders. Remember the need ventilation gap if you use flammable materials.

Rules for the construction of lightning protection mesh:

• the branches must be folded perpendicularly, and cells with equal sides should be formed;
• the distance between them should be a maximum of 12 m; when installing a roof over a garage, this parameter is 5 m;
• When installing devices that rise above the level of the lightning rod, they must contain additional rods in their design.

It is better to fix metal parts by welding.

It is advisable to connect the receiver branches to each side of the down conductor.

A down conductor must be on every roof

Drainage

The drainage system for a flat roof consists of pipes, connecting elements and funnels. It can be external or internal. For a flat roof, the second option is often chosen. All gutters should be installed at an angle greater than 3 degrees towards the center of the house. It is recommended to lay drain pipes on top of the insulation, and funnels under the waterproofing layer.

The drainage system consists of gutters and funnels

A flat roof should have at least three funnels. One of them is the main one, the other two are connected to the riser and storm drain.

The internal system can have a different design:

• gravity flow collects water from the entire roof and only then discharges it through pipes; it has a slope;
• siphon means the use of special devices that, thanks to rarefied pressure, absorb water and direct it into the sewer riser.

There are certain rules for installing a drainage system for a flat roof:

1. Gutters should be located in the lowest places of the roof.
2. The slope from the funnel should be at least 5 degrees at a distance of 50 cm; for this it is recommended to reduce the thickness of the insulation or use a leveling screed. To install drainage funnels, it is recommended to take a wooden beam, which must be fixed to the base of the roof, and then treated with antiseptic solutions.
3. The diameter of horizontal pipes should be no more than 7.5 cm.
4. If the funnel is located above the freezing level, an electric heating device is required.

Protects the cornice from the negative effects of water.

The drip prevents negative impact moisture on the roof eaves

The drip line is mounted along the edges of the roof, while it is directed downwards. Additionally, this element can be coated with polymer.

The installation process is as follows:

1. Install the flashing parallel to the eaves, placing it under the sheathing board. For fastening, you can use nails or screws.
2. You can also install a dropper on the front board. This method is suitable for roofs with a minimum slope, but remember that such a system may not withstand snow loads.
3. The drip tip and the gutter should be as close as possible to each other.

Roofing options

For a flat roof, it is necessary to choose materials that meet increased requirements, in particular, this applies to:

• strength;
• light weight;
• good warm sound insulation;
• resistance to solar radiation, frost, high temperature, fungi and mold, fire;
• long service life;
• efficiency;
• ease of care.

Corrugated sheet

Installation is carried out directly on the floor beams. Allows you to reduce financial expenses for laying reinforced concrete pavement thanks to the use of the own load-bearing capacity of the profiled sheet. In some cases, concreting can be completely abandoned.

The reliability of such a roof can be increased if the voids between the waves are filled with any non-flammable porous material.

Laying corrugated sheets does not require sheathing

Ruberoid

This type of roofing requires a special roofing pie:

1. First you need to perform a rollover. Gravel is ideal for this purpose.

   Roof slope can be done in different ways

2. Next, you can install a drainage system.
3. The insulation layer is protected with a vapor barrier membrane, on top of which the thermal insulation material is laid. You can put mineral wool or expanded polystyrene under the roofing felt.

   The easiest way to install slab or roll insulation

4. Place sagging waterproofing material on the insulation.
5. You can mount a solid plywood base, flat slate, wood or concrete. This sheathing must be coated with a primer.
6. Now you can lay the roofing material. There are two ways to install roofing felt. Lap laying involves laying the material so that it ends on a vertical surface. The next canvas must be laid in a manner adjacent to the previous one. The amount of overlap varies between 10–15 cm. The next method is to install roofing felt in a fork. In this case, the material is attached to the rail, the connection point is covered with metal aprons.

The number of layers depends on the area and slope of the roof (the smaller it is, the more layers are needed). You can use a gas torch for installation, but be careful not to burn the material. To do this, it is recommended to direct the flame down the roll, which results in the formation of molten bitumen protruding beyond the edges.

Can be used not only for building houses, but also for arranging roofing structures. Moreover, this can be either the construction of a new house or the replacement of the roof of an old building. The material from which the walls were built does not have any role; the panels can easily be mounted on absolutely any structure. The main advantages of sip panels:

• no need for insulation and vapor barrier;
• good sound insulation properties;
• high energy efficiency;
• increased strength.

We also need to remember the disadvantages:

• a ventilation system is required due to the tightness of the cracks;
• Before laying the protective material, it is necessary to seal the external joints.

A roof made of sip panels does not require insulation

The masonry of sip panels is carried out parallel to the Mauerlat. The angle of inclination of such a roof must be at least 5 degrees, but only if there is no attic.

The construction of sip panels requires additional covering with other roofing materials, for example, metal tiles or ondulin.

Video: is it possible to make a roof from sip panels

PVC roofing

PVC membrane is a plasticized polymer that can give special strength to the roof due to reinforcement with ether fiber.

PVC roofing has good waterproofing properties

The advantage of this material is its elasticity and resistance to constant temperature changes. But it should not be used with bitumen-based materials.

Installation is carried out in several stages:

1. It is necessary to remove the old waterproofing, and then lay new material in compliance with all rules.
2. Now you can install the membrane film; this can be done on any base.

There are three mounting methods:

1. The first is to use warm welding, that is, with heated air. This guarantees the strength of the seam. This procedure can be made special welding machine, with which you need to process the edges of the film, after which the roofing material can be fixed on the roof. You can also use special tapes with a double-sided adhesive base.
2. The second type of fastening is suitable for roofs with a slope of no more than 15 degrees. Fixation occurs only around the perimeter and at junctions. After this, ballast weighing more than 50 kg per 1 m 2 is used. To do this, you can take pebbles, crushed stone, concrete block, paving slabs and any other heavy object.
3. Mechanical method. It can be chosen when the presence of additional load on the supporting structure is unacceptable, as well as in cases where there are no drains and parapets. The fastening proceeds as follows. Telescopic fasteners are installed along the perimeter, which can be plastic umbrellas with a large hat and a metal anchor. If the roof slope is greater than 10 degrees, disc holders can be used. The elements are placed at a distance of 2 m. It is recommended to use two rows of fasteners at the junction points.

Video: do-it-yourself PVC flat roof

Cellular polycarbonate

For furnishing residential premises, it is recommended to choose material with the greatest thickness. The peculiarity of installation is that there is a need to install rafters in meter increments. A frame is also required, which can be made of carbonate or metal profiles. They, in turn, are recommended to be protected from dust and dirt. The profile can be fastened with self-tapping screws directly to the rafters.

Now you can attach the polycarbonate sheets. To do this, you can use fixing profiles and simple self-tapping screws. It is recommended to drill a hole in advance that is larger than the diameter of the screw. It is not recommended to screw these elements in too tightly, otherwise there is a risk of damage to the material due to changing temperature regime.

Polycarbonate can be classified as a fragile material, so it is recommended to be quite careful when working with it. Certain rules must be followed:

1. The leaf channels should be parallel to the slope.
2. Work must be carried out on a smooth surface using sharpened tools.
3. The film can only be removed after cutting.

Main nodes

The reliability of the structure largely depends on the correct arrangement of the junction points with building structures. This applies to parapets, walls, pipes, ventilation elements.

Cornice knot

The eaves are a roof element that can provide a long service life by increasing the strength of the edges. It must be covered with roofing material on top, and siding or wood can be used to finish the bottom. When the cornice is located at the very bottom of the slope, the following functions are assigned to it:

• giving harmony and logical completeness to the architectural appearance;
• ensuring the protection of walls from high humidity, the blind area of ​​the foundation from the flow of melt water.

The minimum width of the cornice should be 50 cm. This parameter depends on the amount of precipitation in a particular region.

The cornice is designed to protect the edge of the roof

Cold roof units

Their purpose is to ensure insulation of the transition from a horizontal to a vertical surface, as well as sealing seams.

To create nodes cold roof need to:

1. Install the strip at the junction points, using a sealant. This is necessary to prevent dust and moisture from entering the roofing pie.
2. Make a groove in the wall into which you need to insert the strip into the groove, then secure the system with dowels and a layer of sealant.
3. Now it needs to be connected to the roofing material using self-tapping screws. If the roof is covered with corrugated board or slate, then you need to screw the fasteners into the most protruding point of the wave.

Connections to the parapet

The junction with the parapet requires enhanced waterproofing through the use of rolled roofing, it must be laid onto a vertical surface, and special support must be provided. If you install roofing material without it, a cavity may form, which will cause mechanical damage and violation of the tightness of the coating. Therefore, it is necessary to provide support at an angle of 45 degrees between the base of the roof and the parapet. It could be cement-sand screed or a wooden block.

The parapet performs a protective function

The waterproofing layer must be glued to the base of the roof, to this side and to the parapet, using heated bitumen mastic.

Before it dries, insert the edge of the waterproofing layer into the prepared groove. This part of the material can then be secured with a metal strip and dowels. Treat the joint with sealant.

Features of flat roof maintenance

There are certain requirements for the installation of a flat roof.

Heating

There come times when the sun's heat is not enough to turn snow and icicles into water. Therefore heating is required. There are several options for arranging this system for a flat roof:

• use of self-regulating cables;
• installation of resistive heating elements.

Their difference lies in the operating principle of the adjustment and heating elements. In the first case, these are two copper conductors connected to each other plastic plate, which is the heating element. Such a system independently regulates the amount of heat emitted. The lower the air temperature, the lower the resistance connecting element, which means more current and more heat generated.

Heating a flat roof prevents snow retention and icing

When using resistive heating elements, heat is transferred through its conductive core. The main advantage of such a system is its affordable price, but it is worth remembering that there is no automatic temperature control.

Snow removal

If the angle of inclination of the slopes is insufficient, there is a high probability of snow deposits, which can lead to roof leakage, faster wear, and the formation of icicles on the eaves.

You need to remove snow from a flat roof in a timely manner

IN winter period Snow removal must be carried out regularly, since even during a thaw, with a sharp drop in temperature, the gutters can freeze, which will lead to deformation and damage to the system.

There are several ways to get rid of icicles:

• ultrasound;
• laser device;
• chemicals.

The advantages of these methods are that the presence of a person on the roof is not required, which makes the process of removing snow and icicles safer.

As preventive measures, you can use special compounds that prevent roof icing:

• synthetic rubber;
• organic silicon;
• fluoroplastic mixture.

These products reduce the adhesion of ice to the roofing material.

The roof is the most important element house design, which is why its installation requires certain professional skills. Installation errors are unacceptable; they can be too expensive.

A house with a flat roof, in a row of similar “boxes” with a pitched roof, looks fresh and unusual. Therefore, every year the number of suburban residents who are seriously considering the construction of such a house for permanent residence is increasing. Fans of “cubic” design are captivated by the wow effect and increased attention from neighbors. Someone wants to place it on the roof engineering equipment, or lay out a lawn and arrange seating areas. Still others believe that building a house with a flat roof is cheaper and easier than with a pitched roof. Is it really? Let's consider the main pros and cons of these buildings and draw a conclusion whether they are suitable for our country. To do this, we will answer the following questions:

• Why is it difficult to choose a suitable plot for a “cubic” cottage?
• Is it true that flat roofs are not suitable for our climate?
• Why does a flat roof leak?
• A flat roof is simpler and cheaper than a pitched roof - this is a myth
• Why is a flat roof difficult to repair?

1. House with a flat roof and domestic realities

Most country residents look at cottages with flat roofs with skepticism, calling these houses “boxes”. Why? Houses with flat roofs came to us from abroad. Traditionally, they were built in countries with a warm climate, where there is practically no winter, heavy snowfall, severe frosts with sudden thaws, prolonged rains, but strong winds blow. For example, somewhere on the Mediterranean coast. Then these houses turned into fashion design The erotic trend is “not for everyone” in Western Europe, and from there they have already come to us.

Tretin User FORUMHOUSE

I see that we mainly build houses with a pitched roof. But is this really necessary? In Germany and Switzerland, designs for houses with flat roofs have long been offered. What could be the disadvantages of a flat roof, besides the supposed unaesthetic appearance?

Indeed, how can anyone be left indifferent by a cottage with panoramic windows in the photo below?

Or this high-tech house with a flat roof in the forest.

Or a cottage with an observation deck on the roof, a lawn and a place to relax.

Now imagine these houses here. Harsh winter. In an ordinary - not elite village, where roads flow in spring and autumn, and areas are fenced with corrugated sheets. Most houses are finished with siding or lined with facing bricks. Pitched roofs are covered with slate, metal tiles or, less commonly, a more expensive solution - flexible tiles. The picture doesn't add up. Something's missing, isn't it? I no longer want to sit on the flat roof of a house, as I dreamed of, with a cup of tea or coffee. After all, the view from there is not of the ocean, sea, mountains or untouched nature, but of dense village buildings or, at best, fields overgrown with grass.

A house with a flat roof, in a high-tech style, looks advantageous only on a spacious isolated area, for example, on a slope, with beautiful view to a forest, lake or river. A cottage with a flat roof is lost without landscape design, and among good-quality, but similar houses, it looks like a “black sheep.”

This is where it lies the first “pitfall” - dreams of a stylish house with a flat roof are shattered when you realize,how much will the plot cost?, on which the cottage will look just right.

Having conceived the construction of a house with a claim to a non-standard foreign design, select an appropriate site for it.

2. Reliability of a flat roof in our climate

When you look at beautiful houses, which are hundreds of years old, ask yourself why they were built this way and not otherwise. Why do houses built in a coastal area somewhere in Norway, Sweden or Scotland do not have roof overhangs and the usual drainage? They are simply not needed due to strong winds that turn rain into a horizontal stream of water hitting the walls. The same goes for houses with flat roofs. They were built in warm climates, where there is little precipitation but strong wind load.

A flat roof is more wind resistant than a pitched roof.

Dmitrievich-50 User FORUMHOUSE

Our ancestors - smart people. They considered the design of the house from the point of view of practicality, based on the climatic conditions of their residence. Why were flat roofs built in Central Asia? On the Central Russian Upland are they sloped? In the Baltics, not just pitched ones, but with a sharp ridge angle? A pitched roof with a slope of 45 degrees, in the Moscow region or Saratov, will provide reliable protection from rain or snow for 20-25 years, even if covered with cheap corrugated board or slate.

Flat roof, with the right approach to construction and using modern materials, it will also provide reliable protection of the house from precipitation and will not leak.

The only question is how much 1 sq. m. will cost. m of such a roof with a guarantee that it will not leak quickly during frequent crossings of 0. Icing. Night freezing and daytime thawing of snow cover. Lingering downpours. And most importantly - how to make a roof so that it lasts a long time in our climate?

The second difficulty in building a cottage with a problem-free flat roof is the harsh Russian operating conditions.

3. The main problem of building a reliable house with a flat roof in the Russian Federation

link82 Member of FORUMHOUSE

The company built me ​​a house with a flat roof. We made 6 pieces along the edges. heated funnels and led out to the sides, through the parapet, and drain pipes. Is it correct? Maybe it was necessary to make a slope to the center and, with a small roof area, install two funnels instead of six? And put the pipe inside the building. Discharge in the basement and then into the storm drain? I am afraid that the knee that is being taken out of the funnel into the street will freeze. Ice has already formed on the pipes. What if the pipe bursts due to frost? How to fix it? Throw in a heating cable? So much money has already been spent on this roof!

The house with a flat roof was built in 2013.

In addition to problems with drainage, another one was added. When link82 I came to check the house and discovered that the roof was leaking in several places. Water came from the second floor to the first. All the drywall floated. Now you have to quarrel with the builders. Trying to take the money and completely redo the roof. According to Mikhail-snabss(a user of the portal is a professional in the construction of flat roofs) this example contains a whole bunch of errors. The main one is builders who simply don’t know how to make flat roofs correctly.

When building a house with a flat roof, do not go cheap. Every step of builders and stage of work needs strict control. More careful than when constructing a pitched one. Mistakes will be costly!

The roof was most likely made of a built-up waterproofing material - glass insulation. The tree played and the fiberglass tore. Repairing this roof with a special roofing membrane will cost from 130 to 200 thousand rubles.

The third factor complicating the construction of a cottage with a flat roof in the Russian Federation - lack of highly qualified builders who know exactly how to build just such houses correctly. How to use and combine materials with each other. What tools are needed for this? Even if the future owner of a house with a flat roof has a detailed design, and he should be, then everything can be ruined by “specialists” who work on the principle: “we always build this way and no one has complained yet!”

Flat roofing should only be done by professionals.

4. Is a flat roof cheaper and simpler than a pitched roof?

Usually, when it comes to the advantages of a flat roof, you can hear the argument that it is cheaper than a pitched roof. Why? Smaller area- less consumption of materials. It’s easier to make an overlap, because no need for a classic rafter system. There is no need to equip the attic floor, etc. And that's true, but as they say, the essence is in the details.

If we take a simplified look at the “pie” of a flat roof, then the following are laid on the base, for example concrete floor slabs:

• vapor barrier;
• thermal insulation;
• waterproofing.

Or the so-called inversion flat roof, where the layers go like this:

• waterproofing;
• thermal insulation;
• finishing layer.

In an inversion flat roof, the waterproofing layer is located under the insulation and “works” in more gentle conditions, because from above, from negative influence weather phenomena, it is protected by crushed stone, tiles or soil with a lawn. Those. a ballasted flat roof is installed.

But, when building a flat roof it is necessary:

• Arrange slopes for water drainage - about 2 cm per 1 linear meter. Slopes are usually made with concrete screed or wedge-shaped insulation elements.
• Lay several layers of insulation. If stone wool is used rather than extruded polystyrene foam, install aerators to remove water vapor from the insulation.
• Put water inlet funnels with electric heating, otherwise, due to the ice that has formed, they will not drain water from the roof.

One water intake funnel, with a diameter of 110 mm, drains water from an area of ​​up to 300 square meters. m.

• Mount drainpipe with a slope of 3 cm per 1 linear meter.
• Make high-quality waterproofing from PVC, TPO or expensive EPDM membranes. TPO membranes are less elastic than PVC membranes, but have higher strength. Welding TPO membranes requires professional installers with special equipment. The advantage of EPDM membranes is a large format, and the smaller welds, the more reliable the flat roof.

When installing a flat roof, you will have to take into account many nuances.

Calculate the snow load depending on your region of residence. For example, Moscow and St. Petersburg belong to the third climatic region. The snow load on a flat roof, with a slope of 2%, in the Moscow region will be 180 kg per 1 sq. m. m. In the fourth climatic region, the snow load is 240 kg per 1 sq. m. m, and in the fifth there are already 320 kg. Do not forget that the weight of 1 m 3 of loose, freshly fallen snow is on average 50 - 100 kg. Already compacted 350 kg. A cube of wet or melting snow weighs approximately 400-600 kg.

There is no need to remove snow from a properly designed flat roof in winter. The excess is blown away by the wind, and the loose snow becomes a heat insulator.

But the load on a flat roof must be taken into account with a greater margin than on a pitched roof, taking into account force majeure circumstances. For example, the water inlet funnels became clogged, the heating cable burned out, and the water did not drain from the roof. A month's worth of snow fell in a couple of days, but there was no wind to blow it away and it lies on the roof. Additional weight on the roof puts pressure on the walls, which in turn transfer the load to the foundation, which redistributes it to the soil foundation. The further north you go, the greater the load. Add a lot of crushed stone or soil with grass if you are installing a ballasted flat roof.

From here - the optimal design for a cottage with a flat roof is not a frame or wooden house, and the stone structure, calculated by the designer and built from aerated concrete, brick, warm ceramics, monolithic technology. Because “Cubic” design involves large unsupported spaces, then it will no longer be possible to block a span of more than 6 m with a tree. Required trusses, I-beam wooden beams, hollow reinforced concrete floor slabs, monolithic ceiling or prefabricated monolithic floor. Don’t forget to add expensive façade finishing solutions to the cost of a house with a flat roof.

You can't finish a house like this cheap anymore.

Planken, burnt wood, hand-molded bricks are used, wet facade, combined facades made of wood and stone. And you can’t install standard windows in a house with a flat roof. Large or panoramic are required. Add to this the additional areas of parapets, which also need to be insulated and finished. This increases construction costs.

The fourth factor - a house with a flat roof cannot be called budget construction.

Consider the costs not only for the roof, comparing the final estimate with flat and pitched ones, but for the total cost of the entire “box” with finishing.

5. Low maintainability of a flat roof

sv2321 User FORUMHOUSE

I have a house with a flat roof. Waterproofing - membrane. I'm struggling with the roof. As they say, water will always find a hole. I like the flat roof, but I think I’ll give it up and convert it to a pitched roof, although I’ll have to change the entire architecture of the house. And that's why:

• There is no absolute guarantee that all joints of a flat roof will be airtight. Enough microcrack and off we go. If there is a slope, then small defects are not critical;
• Snow lingers on a flat roof. He's melting. Water fills microcracks. It was frosty at night. The water is frozen. With frequent daily freeze-thaw cycles, microcracks enlarge and then rupture. They are getting bigger. The pitched roof has no welded areas and there is nothing to tear there. In the worst case scenario, a small temporary leak will appear without progressive consequences. It is easy to find and repair;
• The most unpleasant thing. On a flat roof, you will never know exactly where the defect occurred. There is a leak in one place, and water is dripping from the ceiling in another. The craftsmen will come, check the joints and find one of the defects, but the rest will remain. If the roof is inverted or loaded with gravel, then defect detection is an even bigger problem.

According to the user, optimal roof for our climate - pitched. The angles of the slopes compensate for the crooked hands of the builders and changes in the properties of materials over time, and the overhangs protect the walls and finishing from precipitation.

So, fifth - low maintainability. The quality of a flat roof is greatly influenced by the human factor.

If a pitched roof with a cold attic is leaking, then finding and repairing the defective area is not difficult. As a last resort, you can dismantle the coating and perform local repairs or get close to problem area from the inside. In the case of a flat roof, finding a leak and repairing it becomes more difficult due to the complex “pie”. Many layers in the structure, especially in the so-called. "green roof". Presence of concrete screed, etc.

conclusions

Houses with a flat roof certainly look beautiful and stylish. Make a flat, problem-free roof that will serve for many years in our climate also possible. The only question is the total cost of all decisions and its feasibility. Anyone who has been involved in roof installation or repair in our climate knows that in the summer, a hot roof in the sun is the last place you would want to sit with your family or friends. It's hot and stuffy. I want to quickly go into the shadows. If there are small children in the house, then a used flat roof is an extra headache for parents. You can also organize a shaded private place to relax with barbecue on a small area. It’s nice to sunbathe in the garden on the grass, throwing in a towel or laying out a sun lounger, and not in full view of all the neighbors and passers-by on the roof. In the countryside, you simply want privacy, and not stick out your private life for everyone to see. Let's add our changeable weather. Rain. The wind, which at altitude is felt completely differently than below. In total, how many days a year will there actually be left to relax on a flat roof? Let's add the need to arrange a place to access the roof directly from the house. Do not climb onto a flat roof using a ladder that is attached to the facade. What's left? Unusual “fashionable” design to attract attention. Therefore, let everyone decide for themselves whether to build a house with a flat roof or not, and FORUMHOUSE offers you proven solutions for this.

• how to properly build a house in our climate with a roof without overhangs and a hidden drain, and what are its advantages.

Stone house with a flat roof: a harmonious combination of exterior and interior. The video shows the design features of a monolithic stone house with a flat roof and unusual facade decoration.

How quickly time flies! It's been 4 years since I built an unusual country house with my own hands. The house uses many non-standard technical solutions, which were previously practically not used in individual construction in Russia. Firstly, the house is heated using, and secondly, the house has a flat roof.

From the very beginning of construction in 2012, I was constantly told that a flat roof is not for our climate (what kind?), that it will definitely leak (why?), and in general, with such a roof, the house looks like a transformer booth (poor Europeans, they have to live in transformer booths).

But most often they tried to prove to me that snow needs to be constantly removed from a flat roof (I wonder why?). Of course, if anyone wants, you can clean it up, no one is stopping you. But on houses with a flat roof there is no need to remove snow. For example, now I have a snow cover more than 80 centimeters thick on my roof! And somewhere there she hid under the snow.

2. Snow on the roof is an additional and completely free insulation.

By the way, as it turns out, many people do not know that a flat roof is not a plane in the direct sense, but a surface with a slope of approximately 2-4 degrees (in fact, a roof is considered flat if its slope angle is from 2 to 20 degrees). And any flat roof must have a drain. It is more correct to make an internal drain for a flat roof, but you can get by with a classic external one. At the time of construction, I did not have sufficient knowledge to design and implement an internal drain, so I made an external one. The advantage of internal drainage is the absence of pipes on the facade.

3. Summer 2013, just made. A flat roof is significantly cheaper than any pitched roof (at least because its area is on average 1.5 times smaller than that of a pitched roof). With it there is no loss of space and such useless space in the house as the attic. It is simpler and easier to insulate - everything is in the same plane.

Let me remind you of the design of my roof pie (from bottom to top):
1. Prefabricated monolithic floor filled with aerated concrete blocks - 250 mm;
2. Insulation using extruded polystyrene foam - 150 mm;
3. Insulation and creation of a slope using wedge-shaped slabs of extruded polystyrene foam - 0-150 mm;
4. Cement screed - 50 mm;
5. Two-layer built-up waterproofing (top layer with sprinkling).

4. Another huge plus of a flat roof is that it is not afraid of hurricanes. Look at the chronicles of hurricanes and how easy it is to tear off the covering and break the rafter system on classic pitched roofs.

5. In the summer of 2016, I finished all the other work on landscaping the surrounding area and decided to do it.

6. By the way, if anyone doesn’t know, then any concrete floor by default has bearing capacity not less than 400 kg per square meter(usually 600-800 kg/m2). While the snow load for the Moscow region is only 180 kg per square meter. This is the maximum calculated snow load, which in reality is rarely achieved, but it is obvious that any ceiling has a huge margin of load-bearing capacity.

7. Another important advantage of a flat roof is that it has completely sealed seams. While the seams on a pitched roof are not airtight, and if the pitched roof is filled with snow and it begins to melt from below (due to insufficient insulation), the pitched roof will leak (especially at the junction of two slopes - the valleys). Look at the neighboring houses with pitched roofs - amazingly, there is snow on them too!

Why doesn’t a flat roof made using technology leak? Everything is very simple. Because it is insulated!

It is the insulation that determines the durability of the roof. It is known that the roof accounts for an average of 40% of the heat loss of the entire building. If the roof is not insulated, or is not insulated well enough, then the heat will rise, and the snow lying on the upper roofing carpet will melt. When frost sets in, the melted snow will freeze again, and when it freezes, as is known, water expands in volume. These multiple thaw-freeze cycles will eventually break the waterproofing (after 2-3 years) and the flat roof will begin to leak.

8. In the last century, when building houses, they did not think about energy efficiency and saving energy resources, so they usually did not insulate the roof. This led to the fact that the roof waterproofing was constantly being destroyed and the roof was leaking.

If the roof is well insulated, then it has only one “enemy” left - the sun and its ultraviolet radiation. But to protect against this, waterproofing is used with a package, or with special additives (in the case of using). And the most effective method protect the waterproofing from damaging ultraviolet radiation - make a lawn on the roof, fill it with pebbles or lay tiles. By the way, a more promising waterproofing solution today is a polymer membrane.

A flat roof is even easier to use than a pitched roof. From a flat roof, snow will never fall on your head or tear off your gutters. There is no need to clear the snow, and if you have a lawn, there is no need to keep the gutters clean (all water is filtered through geotextiles and they will not become clogged with fallen leaves).

Therefore, a flat roof is the most reasonable roofing option, especially for a house made of. The main thing is not to violate technology and not to skimp on insulation.

And cleaning snow from a flat roof is not only useless, but also harmful - you can accidentally tear the waterproofing with the sharp edge of a shovel and the roof will begin to leak.

With all reports dedicated to construction country house with your own hands in chronological order can be consulted .

Construction of a gable or hip roof not always rational and expedient when it comes to outbuildings, industrial and commercial facilities, and sometimes private houses in a modern style. The high consumption of material and the complex rafter system make the construction of these structures an economically unprofitable and protracted undertaking. While flat roofing projects significantly reduce construction costs, are quick to build and suitable for almost any structure.

A house with a flat roof is reliably protected from increased wind loads. However, without slopes, it cannot quickly drain rain and melt water from the roof surface.

The situation is complicated by the fact that the surface of roofing materials has a rough structure, which does not allow moisture and snow to slide off freely. Therefore, the installation of a do-it-yourself flat roof must meet the strict requirements of building codes for waterproofing, slope and construction technology.

The structure of the roofing pie

The need for a high level of protection from moisture makes it necessary to place roofing materials flat roof in layers, one above the other, forming a so-called “pie”. If you look at its cross-sectional structure, you can see the following layers:

1. Flat base made of concrete slabs or sheets of profiled metal. It provides rigidity to the structure and bears the weight of the roofing pie, transferring it load-bearing partitions and, ultimately, the foundation. The base of the roof in use must be as rigid as possible.
2. Vapor barrier. A layer that is necessary to protect a flat roof from the penetration of vapors from internal heated rooms into the thickness of the insulation. When water settles on the thermal insulation in the form of condensation, it irreversibly reduces its insulation properties by more than half. The simplest vapor barrier is polyethylene film or bitumen-based coatings.
3. Insulation. For thermal insulation of a flat roof, backfill materials are used, such as expanded clay, perlite, slag, rolled materials, for example, mineral wool, and in the form of slabs, in particular polystyrene foam. By the way, insulation is used not only to regulate the temperature, but also to tilt a house with a flat roof. The main requirements for insulation are low hygroscopicity and thermal conductivity, light weight.
4. Waterproofing. Flat roofing can be used as a covering to protect against moisture roll materials: bitumen, polymer and bitumen-polymer. In addition to high waterproofing qualities, they must have resistance to temperature changes, elasticity, and a long service life.

Types of roofing and nuances of their installation

The construction of a flat roof is determined by the design and nature of its use. Some types that require a special approach during construction include the following:

Roof installation for unheated buildings

If a flat roof is being built with your own hands for an unheated utility room, for example, a barn, gazebo, shed or outbuilding, the slope is organized using support beams.

They are installed at an angle of 3 degrees, which is 30 mm for each linear meter of beam length. Then a base of unedged boards, securing them with nails or screws.

Roofing felt, the most affordable material, is used as a waterproofing agent. It is produced and sold in roll form. The waterproofing is cut by cutting strips so as to lay them in the direction of the slope of the flat roof.

Strips of roofing felt are laid step by step with an overlap of 10-15 cm and fixed wooden slats or steel strips every 60-70 cm in the direction of the drain, so as not to block the path of flowing moisture. Flat roof unheated room can be easily installed with your own hands, even by one worker without the help of assistants.

Roof installation for heated structures

If they build a private house with a flat roof, which they plan to connect to the heating system, then the work takes place in the following order:

To build a house with a flat roof, the length of which exceeds 6 m, a beam with a cross-section of 150x150 mm or more, or a steel I-beam, is used to make support beams.

Monolithic concrete roofing

Another option for building a flat roof with your own hands is to use monolithic concrete. The process looks like this:

Leaning process

– arrangement of a small angle of the roof surface to organize drainage. Before building a house with a flat roof, it is better to decide in advance which drain you will install, internal or external, and make a drawing.

If provided, water should flow into water collection funnels using a slope, which are located 1 per 25 sq.m or more often. If you make an external drain, then moisture should enter the gutter. The slope is formed using the following methods:

A flat roof without proper slope is an unreliable shield between you and bad weather. Moisture that has no outlet will accumulate on the roof surface, causing roof destruction and leaks.

Video instruction