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Laying tiles on the floor is an extremely popular solution for decorating many rooms. However, not everyone knows that it is possible to lay tiles different ways, and in the process of working with for different reasons certain nuances need to be taken into account. Let's look at how to lay tiles on the floor: laying methods, technology features and the specifics of choosing a suitable material.

Many owners devote a lot of time and attention to choosing the appropriate finishing material, focusing on its color, texture and size. Of course, it is extremely important to choose the tile suitable size, so that it is commensurate with the room, but the issue of choosing the installation method should also not be left aside. Let's consider all the popular options.

Traditional method of laying tiles on the floor: rules and features

The traditional method got its name because it is used many times more often than all others. This popularity is due to the ease of installation, as well as the ability to use both square and rectangular shape. In this case, the elements are laid in even rows parallel to the floor. In this case, it is extremely important to place them as closely as possible to each other and maintain an even arrangement of rows.

Helpful advice! To give the traditional installation method an unusual look, you can use multi-colored tiles. This option will make the coating original, but at the same time will allow you to maintain a high speed of all necessary work.

Despite all its simplicity, this method, like others, has certain nuances that need to be taken into account even before installation work begins:

• all defects, unevenness and other manufacturing defects will be very noticeable if the tiles are laid in this way. Therefore, you need to either carefully examine each element and eliminate the unsuitable ones, or choose another, less demanding method;
• If the cladding is made with tiles of the same color, then the coating will look rather monotonous. This is not to say that this is a disadvantage, but it is worth considering;
• This option is only good for seamless ceramic tiles.

Although laying tiles on the floor traditional way can be done independently and in the absence of special skills, you will still have to pay attention to the issue of uniformity of the masonry, as well as the size of the seams (both vertical and horizontal).

How to lay tiles diagonally: the most beautiful way of laying

Laying tiles on the floor diagonally can rightfully be called the most beautiful of all options. But at the same time, the technology for laying it is the most complex, although at first glance it may seem that the basis is a simple traditional method. The main difficulty in this case is that it is necessary to accurately mark the diagonal axes, which will serve as guidelines for laying out the tiles.

Moreover, cutting the tiles correctly will require a lot of time and effort, which also presents additional difficulties in the process of laying tiles using this method. However, thanks to this method, it is possible to hide almost any surface unevenness. This option looks especially good when tiling the floor. small rooms.

Important! During installation, the pattern grid must be positioned at an angle of 45 degrees, so only tiles are suitable for this method. square shape. This must be taken into account before you lay tiles in the bathroom using this method.

It is interesting that the design itself is quite self-sufficient, and even if a plain tile is used, it always looks extremely interesting. But before you lay tiles in this way, you need to understand that the process always results in a lot of scraps. And this may not please the thrifty owner who does not want to overpay for beauty, but if we are talking about the need to visually expand the room or hide unevenness, then this method is undoubtedly the best.

As already mentioned, the main difficulty of this method is carrying out calculations of the diagonal scheme. In addition, it is necessary to carry out thorough preparation surfaces by dismantling the old coating, removing any remaining paint and priming the base before laying the tiles. This way you can position the tiles as evenly as possible, using less adhesive solution.

The first row is laid in the traditional way and rectangular tiles are used for this. In this case, the length of its diagonal must correspond to the diagonal square tiles, which will be used as the main ones. The second row is laid using pre-prepared tile triangles. Then everything is quite simple - the rows are laid according to the principle of diagonal layout in horizontal rows.

Technology of laying tiles on the floor with an offset (in a running motion)

Perhaps most of all, this method resembles brickwork. This solution looks original and is used quite often. In this case, a plain rectangular tile will look best, although you can often see the use of square tiles.

If, when choosing how to lay tiles in the bathroom, you preferred this option, then with its help you can solve two additional problems - hide minor defects, and also make the design of the floor interesting and original. And when correct selection color scheme, tiles laid in staggered patterns can give the room a special atmosphere. According to the recommendations of experts, this method is best suited for decorating rooms such as a kitchen or corridor.

As for the features of the technology for laying tiles on the floor, it is important to know that the tiles must be laid in horizontal rows, and each element of the next row must be positioned so that its middle coincides with the seam of the previous row.

Important! It cannot be said that the installation procedure itself is in any way significantly different from the traditional one, however, there is one feature - the thickness of all seams must be the same.

As unusual solution You can consider examples when offset laying is done diagonally, that is, at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the wall. But in this case, it is extremely important to ensure that the surface is prepared in advance and is as smooth as possible. Otherwise, the desired effect will not be achieved.

You need to start laying by placing the lighthouse slabs in the corners of the room. This way it will be possible to determine the floor level and correct existing defects. After this, the screed is moistened with water and proceed directly to laying the tiles using a solution. They do this in rows and along the lighthouse.

Then the masonry is leveled with a hammer, and the lighthouse slabs are removed. After complete drying, which can take from two to three days, the seams are filled with liquid mortar or cement.

How to lay tiles on the floor in a herringbone pattern: options and technology

The herringbone flooring method is most often used for parquet. This option looks very unusual, especially if you use tiles rather than oblong wooden elements. Naturally, only rectangular tiles are suitable for this purpose.

There are two options for laying tiles in a herringbone pattern:

• simple, which is no different from how it is done in the case of laying parquet;
• with an attachment, for which tile inserts are additionally used small size. Often they use elements of a different color or mosaic.

Saying that this method was originally intended for laying parquet, we can conclude that such a coating will look best if its surface imitates wood. But for tiles that look like stone, this option is not very suitable, as it ends up looking rather unnatural.

An example of successful use of the ceramic herringbone laying method

In order to obtain the desired result and lay the tiles in a herringbone pattern, it is necessary to rotate the elements to the right or left during the installation process, depending on the diagonal arrangement of the tiles. The amount of waste in this case will be minimal, and the visual effect will be stunning.

How to lay tiles on the floor correctly: modular installation

Modular installation – perfect solution for those who are new to working with tiles. At the same time, the method allows you to decorate the surface as the owner wishes. You just need to think about how to lay tiles on the bathroom floor, design a suitable pattern and carry out some necessary calculations.

A modular pattern will be an excellent solution for small rooms, especially since you can choose the appropriate color and pattern yourself, taking into account the features of the interior. It is advisable to make as accurate a drawing as possible, which includes an indication of the dimensions of the tiles, as well as the location of the seams.

Helpful advice! If you don’t want to develop the project yourself, you can purchase a ready-made tile set and a diagram that demonstrates in detail how to lay tiles in the bathroom with your own hands.

The simplest solution is to use a modular effect, when many small elements are depicted on one large tile various formats. In this case, the main thing is to follow the principle of the model grid - the same pattern should be repeated many times. Taking this into account, you can decide for yourself how to lay out the tiles in the bathroom in a beautiful and original way.

How to lay tiles on the floor in an original way: the “labyrinth” method

The “labyrinth” method, or as it is also called “braid,” can be performed in various ways, but in the end it always gives the impression of stripes intertwined with each other, inside of which there is a square of a different color or shade.

In order to lay out the intertwining stripes of the pattern, you need to use rectangular tiles, and for the inside - smaller square elements.

Helpful advice! In order not to make a mistake with the size of the tile when purchasing, it is best to immediately fold one of the elements of the design in the store. This way you can make sure that all the elements match each other and will look good together.

This method looks decent in any room, but if we are talking about laying tiles on the bathroom floor, then this option can be called ideal. Even if the room area is small and there is no window, a correctly selected shade of yellow in combination with such a pattern can create a lighting effect and make the bathroom brighter and more comfortable.

Related article:

Stages of preparation and laying of tiles. Complexities and features of the process. Creating a base and screed. Insulation and waterproofing of the coating.

You can also consider how to lay porcelain tiles on the floor. Using this material, this design also looks very attractive.

Laying tiles on the “Deck” floor: technology and features

The “Deck” method is unfairly used in flooring not as often as others. Indeed, in fact, this method of laying the covering perfectly imitates deck boards, which brings a certain mood to the interior. In this case, the tiles are laid offset and it is extremely important that the distance is the same across the entire floor plane without exception.

You will notice that this method is somewhat similar to brickwork. This is true, except for the fact that the displacement of elements should not be done by half of each tile, but only by a small segment of it.

It is worth paying attention to the choice of color and structure of the coating. By giving preference to tiles that imitate wood and do not have an unglazed coating, you can create a very convincing semblance of a wooden floor.

Imitation tiles natural wood often used when laying using the “Deck” method

How to lay floor tiles using the "Carpet" method

“Carpet” is one of the most sophisticated options for laying tiles on the floor, which provides the opportunity to decorate the room in accordance with the interior theme, as well as your own preferences. The essence of this method is that two, three or more colors of tiles are used, as well as a border that frames this pattern around the perimeter.

How complex and beautiful a “carpet” you can create depends solely on your imagination, as well as your skills in working with tools and materials. It is best to use this method on a fairly large area of ​​the room, for example, in a hall or a large bathroom.

How to lay ceramic floor tiles using the Kaleidoscope method

One of the most unusual ways, how to lay tiles in the kitchen - “Kaleidoscope”. Just like the previous option, it allows you to independently come up with a pattern that will decorate the room. But here it is extremely important to strictly adhere to the plan, since it is very easy to get confused in the elements. It is best to pre-mark the floor surface accordingly, thus making your work easier.

When using the Kaleidostop method, you can use multi-colored tiles with different patterns

Important! Another difficulty with this method is the need to prepare a perfectly level base in advance, since all the unevenness will be very noticeable.

As you can see, laying out floor tiles is an art that will take time and attention to detail to understand. So it's worth considering everything existing options, and having decided on your own capabilities and preferences, proceed to implement the chosen installation method floor tiles.

Before moving on to consideration of installation features tiles for various reasons, it is worth familiarizing yourself with some of the recommendations provided by experts. According to statements, by taking these simple tips into account, you can significantly extend the life of the coating, making it as durable and reliable as possible:

• preparing a level base is the main task to be solved;
• the prepared surface must be vacuumed again immediately before installation;
• the adhesive composition that will be used to fix the tiles must be selected taking into account the level of humidity in the room in which you will be working;

Before you should take care of the quality of the base

• for any method that is more complex than traditional or diagonal, it is advisable to mark the floor;
• for complex patterns, the tiles must be cut in advance and then laid out on the floor surface covered with fabric to see the result before starting to apply the solution;
• at in a simple way When laying, you can start from the corner, but in the case of most complex patterns you need to find and mark the center of the room;
• liquid preparations for pre-treatment of the base – perfect option to provide the tiles with a more reliable fixation;
• before proceeding to laying the tiles, you need to wait until the impregnation has completely dried;
• grouting of the floor tiles can be started no earlier than the period indicated on the packaging has passed for the adhesive to completely dry;
• the color should match or be combined with the color of the tile to create a single beautiful flooring.

Basics of choosing and laying tiles in accordance with the interior of the room

Choose the most suitable option tiled covering you can by looking at a few examples finished interiors using this material. It is important to understand that in residential premises, tiles are almost always combined with a heating system, since otherwise, walking on the floor in the cold season will be quite uncomfortable. You need to read and watch additional instructional videos about how to properly lay tiles in a bathroom that has a heated floor system.

If we are talking about laying floor tiles in the living room, then the ideal option may be a coating that looks like laminate. This is a suitable option for modern interior, which will harmoniously fit into a room of any size. IN large rooms It’s better to give preference to calm ones, solid colors, which will not make the floor too motley and tiresome to look at.

If you need to lay tiles on the floor of a bathtub, then due to the small area it is permissible to use brighter and more original colors. Do not forget that the chosen color and texture of the coating can influence the perception of space. For example, a glossy surface of a light shade will expand the room, while a dark one matte tiles will have the opposite effect.

Before laying tiles in the kitchen, you should make sure that the chosen material is not too easily soiled. In addition, you should not purchase slippery tiles, since in the kitchen the flooring is constantly exposed to contact with water, which can lead to dangerous situations.

How to lay tiles on the floor correctly: features of working with different surfaces

Having familiarized yourself with the various methods of laying floor tiles and choosing the most suitable option for yourself, you can safely move on to familiarize yourself with the intricacies of the installation procedure. Considering the considerable cost of laying tiles per square meter, many want to refuse the services of a specialist and do everything necessary themselves. To do this, first of all, you need to stock up on tools that may be required during the work process:

• building level;
• hammer;
• glass cutter, or grinder;
• wire cutters;
• roulette;
• notched spatula;
• a simple pencil;
• sponge and clean rags.

Helpful advice! It is worth taking care in advance of the availability of personal protective equipment and purchasing, at a minimum, safety glasses that will protect your eyes from dust particles generated during the cutting of tiles.

If during the installation process there is a need for shaped cutting, for example, to bypass a riser or heating pipe, then a tapped drill made of hard alloy, as well as a string with an abrasive coating, are used for this.

Also, in addition to the tiles, you need to purchase special crosses, which are used as dividers, glue mixture for tiles, grout, as well as sealant and silicone seal. All this will allow you to lay the tiles on the floor with your own hands.

How to properly lay tiles on a concrete floor: features of preparing the base

First point preparatory work that need to be carried out before laying the floor tiles ─ dismantling the old coating and cleaning the surface of all existing stains: oil, paint, grease, etc. Then the existing base is checked using a building level, as well as a visual assessment: if any significant damage, potholes, cracks or deviations in height, then a new cement-sand screed must be made.

It is important that before gluing the tiles to the floor, the surface is hard and as smooth as possible. Otherwise, you will have to spend more glue on installation, and tiles laid on a soft base are much more susceptible to damage as a result of stress: cracks, chips, and simply falling off.

After you are convinced of the quality old screed or they made a new one, it’s worth taking care of laying the layer thermal insulation material. This will reduce heat loss and reduce the consumption of resources spent on heating. Another option is to install a heating system, which is the best solution possible.

In the second case, the thickness of the screed should be at least 40 mm, and to further strengthen the base, it is worth using a reinforcing mesh.

If concrete base is in acceptable condition, or for some reason it is impossible to make a new screed before laying the tiles in the bathroom, and you have to work with what you have, then all the depressions can be smoothed out with cement mortar. But for protrusions, it is best to use a chisel, with which you can relatively easily knock off interfering parts of the coating.

You can also use a grinder for leveling. And in order to ensure reliable adhesion of the base to the adhesive composition, it is worth first applying a layer of primer.

All these preparation methods are relevant for concrete structures or monolithic slabs. But laying tiles on a wooden floor is also possible. Let's look at how to install it in this case.

Laying tiles on a wooden floor: surface preparation features

The same requirements apply to the wooden base on which the tiles are planned to be laid as in the case of concrete. First of all, the surface must be smooth and durable. The presence of old, worn or rotten boards is unacceptable, since it can lead to the fact that the tile covering will simply fail at some point as a result of the destruction of the base. Therefore, all imperfect boards must be replaced.

Helpful advice! If a board that seems good at first glance begins to “play” as a result of the load, then this defect can be eliminated by laying additional lags under it. Although in some cases, simply replacing the fastening elements (nails or screws) with new ones helps. In any case, it is imperative to carry out an appropriate check before laying tiles on a wooden floor.

Another way to install a durable and solid foundation for laying tiles in the case of working with a wooden floor, it is necessary to use sheets of chipboard, OSB or plywood. In this case, it is very important that the material is resistant to moisture.

When laying such an additional layer, it is necessary to leave gaps of approximately 5-8 mm between the sheets to give the material the opportunity to compensate for changes in air humidity without deforming the surface. The laid sheets are attached to the base using self-tapping screws and are opened with a layer of primer before laying the tiles on the wooden floor.

Considering the fact that ceramic coating does not allow air to pass through and does not allow air to penetrate to the base, it is worth taking care of the presence internal ventilation so that an environment favorable for the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms is not created inside. Thus, laying tiles on a wooden floor is quite possible. The main thing is to pay due attention to the issue of preparing the base, and before laying tiles on a wooden floor, treat it with special protective agents.

How to choose the right adhesive for laying tiles in the bathroom with your own hands

Regardless of the type of base, the installation method is always the same. But the choice of a suitable adhesive composition should be approached with special attention, since depending on the surface on which it will be applied, its composition should differ. For concrete floors, an adhesive made from cement based. In order to prepare it, you must add the amount of water specified by the manufacturer to the finished dry mixture.

A completely different glue is used when working with wooden base. In this case, glue solution has the consistency of mastic, which, among other things, can provide compensation for deformations resulting from changes in air humidity in the room.

Must be applied using notched trowel on the reverse side of the facing material. In this case, grooves should form on the surface. Then the tile is pressed to the floor surface and gently tapped using a rubber hammer. You can learn more about how to glue tiles in the bathroom using one or another method of preparing the mixture from the photo or video instructions.

Rules for cutting and calculating floor tiles

It is almost impossible to lay tiles on the floor in such a way as to avoid cutting and adjusting the material. One way or another, the material has to be adjusted to the required size at the edges of the room or in places where heating or water pipes are located. Particular attention should be paid to how to lay tiles in the toilet, because in this case even more complex cutting of the tiles will be required.

It is not always possible to use a regular glass cutter for fitting, since manufacturers usually use more durable material than for wall. Additionally, floor tiles are thicker, making them even more difficult to cut properly.

In this case, it is best to use a grinder, which allows you to figure cutting, albeit with an uneven edge. All imperfections caused by such pruning can be eliminated using special tongs (nippers) manually.

Most convenient option cutting tiles - using a tile cutter, since with its help all procedures can be carried out as quickly and firmly as possible, and the edges are smooth.

Important! Despite all positive characteristics With a tool such as a tile cutter, it is impossible to cut a thin strip (less than 10 cm) with it. In this case, it is better to do it manually using wire cutters.

It is very important not to forget about personal protective equipment, which must be present when cutting tiles. Sharp pieces that fly apart in one way or another can cause serious injury. Therefore, it is important to protect your eyes (or better yet, your entire face) and wear thick clothing that can provide protection.

After everything necessary elements The tiles are cut and laid using an adhesive composition; all that remains is to wait for it to dry and rub the seams. How exactly is it carried out? this procedure It is worth considering separately to take into account all the subtleties and nuances. After all, it is the final stage that will determine how long the coating will ultimately last and how hygienic its use will be.

Grouting tile joints on the floor: what is it for?

In order to pay due attention to grouting the joints between tiles, it is necessary to understand how significant a role this process plays in the matter of its further operation. First of all, it is worth noting that the seams are the gap that remains between the elements after they are laid.

There are certain norms and rules that indicate the main guidelines that you need to rely on in the process of work. So, the basic rule is that the wider the tile, the larger the seam should be. Typically it ranges from 2 to 5 mm.

The need for grouting is due to several reasons:

• Over time, walls undergo natural shrinkage, so some free space so that the tile can move without damaging the surface;
• thanks to the presence of cracks in the dense cladding, the walls “breathe”;
• usage special staff for grouting, it helps prevent the penetration of moisture, and therefore the development of mold, fungi and simply the accumulation of dirt in the cracks;
• due to the presence of grout, adhesion between individual fragments of the cladding is improved;
• grout has a significant decorative role. Properly and neatly designed seams can mask minor tile defects, such as nicks and chips. In addition, using grout you can hide the remaining mortar.

Thus, the service life of the floor covering, as well as how attractive its appearance will be, depends on compliance with the technology for using grout. That is why it is worth taking a closer look at what principle should be used to select the mixture and how to carry out everything necessary work on one's own.

How to choose the right grout mixture

In order to avoid any problems during the grouting process, it is necessary from the very beginning to select a mixture that is ideal in all respects. This seemingly insignificant nuance has important role Therefore, it is worth paying attention to the following aspects:

The color of the grout is the main criterion that most people pay attention to first. The color of the grout can have both a positive and negative effect on appearance entire coverage. A universal option that is almost always appropriate is white. But in combination with colored tiles, it will not give the feeling of a single canvas. For this. You can choose a grout shade that is as close as possible to the color of the tile. Contrasting colors are used less often, since choosing the right combination can be very difficult.

Helpful advice! To get the grout of the desired shade, you can simply add to the base mixture white the right amount of color.

The composition and properties of the grout also play an important role. Depending on what components are included in the mixture, and this can be alabaster, gypsum, epoxy resins, Portland cements and others, the characteristics will also be different. Here you need to navigate by what conditions the material will have to face.

So, for rooms with high humidity, for example, if we are talking about a bathroom, you need to choose formulations that include water-repellent components. If the surface is subject to serious loads, then you should pay attention to the wear resistance of the composition. The best decision- epoxy mixture.

The composition of the grout will differ depending on the surface for which it is intended. For example, when it comes to tiling a wall surface, ordinary grout is used, which can wear out over time under significant loads. For flooring, it is worth purchasing a more tenacious mixture, designed for constant contact with shoes, pieces of furniture, etc. The main thing is that the structure of the grout is not loose.

Technology for preparing grout for floor tile joints

Today, many people are engaged in the production and sale of high-quality grout. various manufacturers. Such a wide range allows you to choose the most suitable option for a given situation. You can find two types of grout for joints on sale: dry powder and ready-to-apply mass.

In the first case, the main difficulty is breeding required quantity mixture, since it can be difficult to understand exactly how much may be needed. That's why the best option– dilute the powder little by little, gradually using it as needed. Typically, manufacturers indicate on the packaging as accurately as possible how much water needs to be added to obtain the desired consistency, but you can adjust this yourself, determining by eye whether the result is satisfactory for you.

The second option is a mass that is completely ready for use. It can usually be purchased in jars or small buckets. The main advantage of this solution is the absence of the need to tinker with breeding yourself and the ability to carry out all the necessary work as quickly as possible.

The disadvantages of the finished mass primarily include a short shelf life. For this reason, leftovers that are not used will likely have to be thrown away. Taking this into account, we can conclude that diluting grout yourself from a dry mixture is more profitable.

If you want to save money on purchasing grout, you can consider the option homemade. To do this, you can use alabaster diluted with water to the consistency of a plastic mass. The main disadvantage of this option is the small service life, since usually such grout crumbles quite a lot. Can be added to strengthen gypsum mixture, but this will only improve the situation a little.

How to grout seams on tiles: technique for applying the mixture

In order to apply the finished grout to the seams and bring it all into proper form, you will need a container into which the solution will be poured, a brush, a construction mixer, as well as a foam sponge and a small rubber spatula. It is best to dilute the grout gradually, in small portions and in a small container.

Helpful advice! Using a mixer is only justified if you have to work with a large area. In all other cases, to obtain the desired consistency of the mixture, it will be enough to stir it for some time with a spatula.

The grout application procedure is as follows:

1. The tile seams that are to be worked with must be thoroughly cleaned of dirt, dust, and fungus. A special tool is provided for this.
2. Using a brush previously soaked in water, the seams are soaked to improve the quality of adhesion between the materials.
3. Then you need to dilute a small amount of grout in the prepared container.
4. Using a rubber spatula, apply the elastic mixture to the seam so that the gap is completely filled. In this case, additional compaction is necessary to avoid the formation of voids.
5. All excess that gets on the tile can be easily removed using the same spatula.
6. To prevent cracks from appearing in the future, at this stage the grout in the joints must be moistened with water.

Important! To ensure maximum protection from the effects of water and the formation of fungus on the surface, it is recommended to additionally treat the areas where the baseboard will be laid with a sealant.

You need to understand that the procedure for grouting joints on the floor and walls is somewhat different. And if in case wall covering While sealing joints should be done from top to bottom, the rule for flooring is from the far corner to the exit. Before starting work, watching a training video can be extremely useful. In this case, the grouting of floor tiles will certainly be done better.

In order for the grout to dry completely, you need to leave it for a day. And after that you can proceed to the final processing of the seams. For this purpose, special antiseptic agents are used that can prevent the appearance of fungus and mold, protecting everything vulnerabilities coverings.

One way or another, if we are talking about laying ceramic tiles on the floor, some moisture will accumulate on its surface and over time may begin to penetrate through the seams. To prevent this, use . Its application is the final stage of sealing seams, which ensures maximum level protection.

Final cleaning of the tile surface before use

In order to start using the coating that was obtained as a result of the work, it is necessary to give it an attractive and complete appearance. The main task is to eliminate as much as possible all traces of excess mortar and putty. And since rubbing joints is usually carried out in several approaches, since the mastic tends to partially sag as a result of drying, the surface should be cleaned only at the very end.

In order to effectively clean the surface, you will need a foam sponge moistened with water. The tile needs to be wiped so that the grout that is on the surface of the tile gets a little wet. Then, using a scraper or the same spatula, you can remove all excess. All stains can be easily washed off with a damp cloth or sponge.

Helpful advice! If relief tiles have been laid, cleaning them with a sponge will be quite difficult. In this case, it is most convenient to use an old toothbrush.

It is best to clean the surface before the grout has completely dried, since after this it will become very difficult to soften it. Of course, even in this case, it is possible to completely remove the excess, but the process will take much longer and require a lot of effort.

It is necessary to scrape off completely dried putty very carefully, since it is very easy to damage the surface of the tile, especially if the surface of the tile is glossy. Concerning relief surface, then it will be almost impossible to remove contaminants here, so you need to do this as soon as possible.

Recommendations for caring for tile flooring

It may seem that knowing how to lay tiles on a bathroom floor is all you need to achieve a beautiful, long-lasting finish. But in fact, constant care is the key to long service life of tiles.

In this case, you need to learn two fundamental rules:

1. Only regular cleaning of seams can guarantee the absence of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. At least once a month, you should clean the grout lines on your floor tiles. How exactly to do this, everyone decides for themselves: you can resort to using special detergents or soapy water, you can also use vinegar or lemon juice. Bleach is suitable for surface disinfection. In addition, a steam cleaner will do a wonderful job of cleaning.
2. If possible, you need to save the remaining grout in order to be able to carry out regular grouting, which, one way or another, will be needed. This re-grouting is done as needed if the old seams have darkened and cracked. In this case, the old putty is cleaned out, after which the seams are treated with an antiseptic and a new layer is applied. If it is also necessary to remove a layer of sealant, this can be done using a blade.

By observing these simple recommendations, and by regularly paying attention to the condition of the tile covering, you can significantly extend its service life and keep it in its original appearance. It will also be useful to read on the Internet recommendations and user reviews on how to clean the seams between tiles on the floor. You can often find on forums useful ideas and advice.

How much does it cost to lay tiles on the floor: prices for services

If, after you are fully familiar with how to properly lay tiles in the bathroom, the task still seems too difficult to you, it may make sense to seek help from professionals. Our specialists know exactly how to properly lay tiles in a bathroom, kitchen or hallway using any method and will complete the task as quickly as possible.

So, all that remains is to find an offer at the most reasonable price. Many craftsmen offer to lay tiles on the floor, but this service should not cost less than 550-600 rubles per 1 m². Of course, there are a huge number of craftsmen whose services are much more expensive, so here the choice is entirely up to the customer.

In any case, it will be useful to familiarize yourself with the pricing policy, and if such a cost seems excessive to you, then you can always read the instructions again, watch a video about laying tiles on the floor and try to do everything yourself.

Technology for laying tiles in the bathroom: video instructions

Having familiarized yourself in detail with how to lay tiles on the floor, as well as with how to properly grout the seams on the tiles, in most cases you can get to work without hesitation. However, it can also be very useful to watch a training video, which demonstrates each stage of work in detail and provides useful recommendations from experts in this matter.

Tile on the floor of the kitchen, bathroom, hallway or utility room- an ideal flooring option from all points of view. The coating easily creates the desired effect in the design, the main thing is to choose the right colors and texture. It does not require effort when cleaning, is easy to clean, cleans from dirt, and has a neat appearance. Properly selected ceramic floor tiles are not afraid of high humidity and temperature, are durable, and do not wear off like paint.

Disadvantages are a cold floor, painstaking installation work and increased hardness, due to which breakable dishes that fall on such a floor are sure to break. However, these shortcomings are not significant. The tiled floor can be insulated, the kitchen can be equipped in such a convenient way that the risk of dropping dishes is minimal, and technology correct installation Anyone can master it with the proper desire and diligence.

When choosing tiles for the floor, there are several points to consider.

1. When choosing tiles, take the time to place two or three tiles next to each other to make sure that there are no gaps between them and that they fit tightly together.
2. Floor tiles should not slip. You can check for slippage by wetting the front side with water. The surface should be rough, corundum coated or ribbed. Slippery tiles are not suitable for flooring and will be suitable for walls.
3. You should buy the material with a reserve; during installation it can be split or damaged. To do this, the area to be covered should be measured, and then compared with the size of the sample and the required quantity should be correctly determined. The remaining part of the coating after repair can be stored in the house in case of damage during operation, for replacement.
4. The required quantity should be calculated as follows: divide the floor area by the area of ​​the tile sample to find out the required quantity. You need to add another 10-15 percent for defects and stock.
5. Pay attention to moisture resistance. Look specifications, wet it. back side should not absorb moisture.
6. When choosing, you should give preference to heavier, thicker tiles (from 8 to 13 cm). It must be shock-resistant and withstand significant physical activity.
7. Based on hardness, the tiles are divided into 5 levels. Floor coverings correspond to levels from 3 to 5.
8. Pay attention to how the tiles wash and react to abrasive cleaning agents. When choosing, designers advise choosing floor tiles that contrast with the walls in color.
9. The most reliable material for tile covering is porcelain stoneware. It costs more, but does not create problems during installation and operation.
10. If the kitchen is small, it is better to choose tiles smaller in size(10 to 10). Large tile visually reduces the room. The easiest way to lay square classic tiles. If you choose a curly one, don’t forget about baseboards, borders, and corners. There are special tile shapes for such places.

Tools and materials needed during the installation process

To lay tiles yourself, you need to stock up on tools and materials.

Adhesive mixtures

A ready-made adhesive solution in bulky plastic buckets or bags is expensive, and in practice it is not very convenient to use. It is better to buy a special dry construction mixture, which can be easily converted into construction glue at home. In addition, the dry mixture can be prepared in parts, choosing a convenient schedule and pace of facing work.

Ready-made glue or dry adhesive mixture can be replaced cement-sand mortar. Working with a cement mixture is a hassle, but it will be cheap, it will help smooth out errors in the curvature of the floor, and in terms of the quality of installation, if you do everything carefully, cement mortar, prepared with your own hands, will not yield to glue.

A good composition for a construction adhesive mixture is a combination of sand, ordinary high-quality cement and a dry adhesive construction mixture. It is both reliable and economical.

Fugue (grout for joints between tiles at the junction of tiles)

Fugue - grout for joints between tiles at the junction of tiles. When choosing a fugue, you need to pay attention to the fact that contrasting grout makes the floor bright, emphasizing the shape of the tiles, and a fugue matched to the color of the tile will give the effect of a uniform, smooth coating. The width of the joint depends on the quality of the tile and ranges from 2 to 20 mm.

Before tiling, it is necessary to prepare the floor for laying tiles. If the surface is not level, then the floor must be leveled, following the guidelines construction work technologies. Minor errors can be easily corrected using cement mortar, as well as building filler made from dry building mixtures.

The tiles must be laid on a clean surface. Therefore, before work, the room must be completely emptied of furniture and belongings; the floor must be thoroughly vacuumed, washed, free of grease and dirt, and dried. The room must be ventilated and closed during work and drying, eliminating drafts.

How to lay floor tiles in relation to walls

There are three main types of laying floor slabs.

1. “Seam to seam” is the easiest, most understandable and simplest method, when the tiles are laid sequentially, one after another, in even straight rows, while the seams are the same, located evenly on top of each other, the slabs are parallel to the walls of the room.
2. “Diagonally” - the slabs are not located parallel to the walls, the corners of the tiles “look” into the walls. This is less economical and more troublesome, since you have to cut many slabs diagonally. But this is precisely the method that can aesthetically make a room more attractive and visually more spacious, due to diagonal lines on the floor.
3. “Staggered” - the slabs are placed one above the other, but the seams do not match, the fragments of the coating are laid like bricks, the border between the overlying tiles is in the middle of the seam of the underlying tile.

Video - Laying tiles

Laying tiles

The first thing is necessary determine the point from which installation will begin and where the first tile will be laid. Such a point can be located near the middle of the wall or in the middle of the room. This is necessary for symmetrical styling, as it is convenient.

Having prepared adhesive composition, apply it to the floor. For thicker tiles, use a thicker adhesive layer. Level it and distribute it evenly using a notched spatula. We make sure that when leveling the grooves are the same in depth and height.

Experienced repairmen usually fill 1 square meter with glue or cement. meter. If you have no experience, it is better to reduce the area. You need to lay the tiles quickly, before the glue becomes weathered and begins to dry out.

If cement mortar or a more reliable mixture of cement and glue is used instead of special glue, The tiles need to be soaked in a basin of water for tight “sticking” and adhesion (adhesion) to the prepared floor surface.

The tiles must be placed and pressed with your hands onto the finished fragment of the floor with the glue applied, then carefully tapped on each side with a rubber construction hammer so that the laid tiles stick evenly.

A building level is used for this. If the edge of the tile is higher than expected, lower it using pressure or tap with a hammer. If the tile "sags", it is better to add small portion glue solution.

We insert plastic dividing crosses between the tiles so that the seams between the covering fragments are identical. Crosses can be replaced with matches or narrow wooden wedges, pegs with a diameter of 2-8 mm.

Sometimes the tiles do not fit at the end of the row, in this case a tile cutter will come to the rescue, and if there is none, an ordinary grinder. Can also be used for cutting glass. This will require additional effort, but no additional costs.

While working on laying tiles, you need to keep a damp cloth nearby to immediately wipe off stains from glue and cement before the composition thickens and dries.

After laying the tiles completely, you need to wait until the glue dries completely. It is necessary to exclude the slightest drafts, close windows and doors tightly, and ensure that there is no one in the room with freshly laid tiles, including animals and children. The glue will dry in a couple of days. After complete drying, you can begin to complete the work - grouting the joints.

The seams between the tiles are rubbed with a special mortar. We remove all the plastic spacer crosses (or matches) from the gaps between the tiles, then apply the grout mixture to the seam with a small rubber spatula.

By the way, fugu can be made colored by adding dye to ready mixture. The paint is selected individually according to the aesthetic goals that you set for yourself.

If the tiled floor is in a crowded room, liquid cement mortar can be used instead of a grout; it is stronger, more resistant to physical aggression and does not wear off quickly.

After grouting the joints, the tiled floor must dry. This usually takes a day. After this, you can wash the floor and breathe easy: the repair and construction part of the work related to floor covering is completed.

Have you decided to make the long-awaited renovation in your apartment and lay the floor with ceramic tiles? All that remains is to buy a suitable tile and decide on the method of laying it.

Important! When choosing ceramic tiles consider the size and shape of the room. Prepare the surface: level all loose areas, plaster, prime. Depending on the tile installation option, calculate its consumption with a margin of 10%. Don't forget to take into account the distance between the tiles (seam).

Before you start developing a scheme for laying tiles on the floor, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with its main methods.

Video: how to choose a method for laying floor tiles

1. Traditional

This is the most common way. Provides for the arrangement of ceramic tiles parallel to the floor and close to each other in even rows. The key to quality cladding is evenness. Typically, square tiles are used to create this pattern, but rectangular tiles will also look good.

Traditional way of laying tiles

Features of the drawing. Traditional masonry will have an unusual and original look if using tiles different colors. This is the simplest and at the same time quick way when laying tiles, however, some important points should be taken into account:

• with the slightest manufacturing defect in the tiles or careless installation, all the irregularities and inaccuracies will be immediately evident;
• The cladding with this option looks a little monotonous;
• This method is optimal only for seamless ceramic tiles.

Laying technology. It is important to maintain uniformity of laying, as well as the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the seams. Does not require professional training or skill.

2. Diagonal

This is the most beautiful and complex option, despite the fact that the diagonal method is based on basic styling skills. The difficulty lies in the diagonal axes along which the floor tiles are located. Mandatory cutting of tiles requires certain skills, significant expenditures of material and time, which also creates difficulties when tiling using this method.

Diagonal method of laying tiles

The advantage of diagonal masonry is the ability to perfectly hide the curvature of the surface. It is most often used for cladding non-standard and small-sized surfaces.

Features of the drawing. When laying, the pattern grid should be located at an angle of 45 degrees to the floor. Square tiles are ideal. The pattern looks very interesting even when using plain ceramic tiles.

It is necessary to remember large quantities waste, since the tiles adjacent to the walls must be trimmed. This is the best option, hiding all the errors of an uneven floor. The room visually expands.

Laying technology. It is important to remember to accurately calculate the diagonal pattern. Before laying, you should thoroughly clean the floor surface from paint, linoleum, and wood particles, then prime it. Ceramic tiles are much easier to lay on a perfectly flat floor, and a minimum of glue is consumed.

The first row is laid in the traditional straight way using rectangular tiles, the length of which is equal to the diagonal of the main square tiles. The second row is laid from pre-cut tile triangles (hypotenuse down). All subsequent rows can be laid in horizontal rows, observing the principle of diagonal layout.

3. Offset (staggered)

This method is reminiscent of brickwork. Quite frequent and original way laying tiles on the floor. Rectangular, monochromatic tiles look best, although square ones are often used. The offset cladding method will create a historical atmosphere in your room. Suitable option to avoid overall monotony and hide minor defects.

Method of laying tiles with offset (staggered)

Photo: laying contrasting tiles with offset

Features of the drawing. Brickwork and corridor, giving the room originality. Laying “staggered” is done only in horizontal rows, and each tile of the next row is laid so that its middle coincides with the seam of the previous row.

4. Herringbone styling

The method involves laying ceramic tiles in the form of parquet. This floor looks very interesting and unusual. To lay the herringbone pattern, rectangular tiles are used. There are two options for this installation scheme:

Laying tiles in a herringbone pattern

Ceramic tiles are a popular type of flooring that is fire-resistant and moisture-resistant finishing material, made from silica, clay and sand. Ceramic tiles differ from ceramic tiles only in their glossy coating, which gives them shine and effectiveness. It is used as facing material for any surface due to its unique qualities: high service life, wear resistance, heat resistance, resistance to pollution and chemicals.

The coating is divided into several types, depending on the location of use. Floor tiles are available for:

• low traffic areas;
• residential areas;
• kitchens, bathrooms and bathrooms;
• shopping and office spaces;
• crowded areas.

Ceramic tiles have a classification, a huge color palette and a maximum number of textures. This allows you to choose a product that preserves the integrity of any interior.

Advantages of tiles compared to others flooring materials very significant:

• higher resistance to mechanical damage;
• durability;
• preservation of its original appearance for a long time;
• moisture resistance;
• resistance to deformation;
• resistance to low and high temperatures;
• environmentally friendly material;
• safety for allergy sufferers.

Along with the advantages, the product has a number of disadvantages that should be taken into account:

• quite high cost of material;
• the need to purchase related materials;
• the desirability of providing underfloor heating;
• The coating is not impact resistant.

Laying floor tiles with your own hands is labor-intensive and requires special knowledge and skills. But thanks modern technologies Doing this work yourself is quite a feasible task. Let's look at how to lay floor tiles step by step.

Tile selection

Ceramic (or tile) tiles can be single-color, multi-color, regular and shaped. Based on quality characteristics, it is divided into three grades.

Ordinary products are square and rectangular. Square ones have dimensions of 150x150 and 100x100 mm, and rectangular ones - 150x100 and 150x75 mm.

Corner elements having different shapes and purpose are called shaped. The scope of their application is the angular layout of cornices and baseboards.

You can learn a lot of additional information from the pictograms on the packaging: a foot drawn on a black background means that the material in the box is intended for the floor, a brush means walls, a snowflake means frost resistance, and a foot on a shaded background indicates the high strength of the coating.

The most important indicator for flooring is wear resistance. The abrasion class must be at least 1 or 2. Marking AA - best indicator resistance to aggressive environments.

Drawing a scheme for laying the coating

It is necessary to select the tiles so that their dimensions are in perfect harmony with the size of the room. In a narrow and long room, it is better to install the covering widthwise. This will hide the length a little and visually expand the room.

For clarity, it is better to draw on paper a diagram of how ceramic tiles will be laid on the floor. This will make it easier to see whether the ornament should be supplemented with borders and decorations. It is necessary to calculate the connection of the ceramics to existing plumbing or communication elements. And also know how and how the final row of finishing will end.

Materials and tools

To install floor tiles, you need to purchase some tools and materials. Since there are many ways to level surfaces and lay flooring, this list can be considered approximate.

Tools:

• hammers;
• chisel for dismantling old tiles;
• trowel (plaster spatula) and rubber spatula;
• plumb lines and level;
• triangle;
• wire cutters and pliers;
• polyethylene film;
• brushes;
• bucket and rule;
• grinder and tile cutter;
• floor heating;
• plastic crosses for precise placement.

Materials:

• ceramic (tile) tiles;
• bitumen mastic;
• polyethylene film;
• self-leveling composition for floors;
• anti-mold primer and antifungal solution;
• adhesive composition for tiles;
• grout for joints, preferably epoxy.

The quality of tile adhesive and grout often depends on the brand of the coating manufacturer. Often on the packaging with glue and grout there is a recommendation about which company’s products are best to use in a particular case.

When selecting a grout for tile joints, it should be remembered that it becomes lighter after drying.

Preparing the subfloor for finishing

After the tools and materials have been prepared, the coating diagram with all the additions has been drawn, you can begin preparing the surface of the subfloor. It must be clean and dry.

The wooden floor is leveled by scraping: the smallest cracks are puttied, uneven areas are covered and sanded. Or you can simply put moisture-resistant plywood, the thickness of which is 12 mm or more.

Laying floor tiles on a concrete floor should be done after correcting the surface with self-leveling mixtures. Before this, the surface must be dried and cleaned. In addition, a number of conditions must be met:

• the difference in unevenness and roughness is no more than 2 cm;
• complete absence of cracks;
• the surface must be treated with a primer;
• the mixture should not leak into adjacent rooms.

After leveling the surface, waterproofing work and priming of the floor should be carried out.

Waterproofing under tiles is carried out:

• roll materials, the advantage of which is low cost, but the disadvantages are: pungent odor, the need to use a burner, difficulty in installation, raising the floor level;
• bitumen mastics, which are easy to use, especially in difficult rooms, but they have a pungent odor and cannot be used in a heated floor system;
• cement-polymer mixtures, easy to apply and firmly adhere to the surface, but they dry very quickly (small volumes can be diluted).

The primer is applied in several layers until it stops being absorbed immediately.

We do the laying of tiles with our own hands

• To lay the tiles evenly and neatly, you should mark the prepared floor surface:
• remove skirting boards and thresholds;
• measure the middle of the walls and draw center lines;
• draw diagonal lines for diagonal laying.
• After this, you can begin laying along the outlined lines, according to the drawn sketch. You can try laying the material on the floor without glue to find the best placement.

• The glue is applied to one square meter of surface in any selected corner, which are formed at the intersection of the marking lines. For this work you should use a spatula or spatula.
• We press the tile firmly to the floor, pressing on the adhesive base. Marking lines are used as a reference point for movement. Laying is carried out over the entire surface on which the glue is applied. If you need to maintain a special distance between the tiles, then you should use plastic crosses prepared in advance.
• Following the direction created by the lines, we lay the covering, heading towards the center of the room. Carefully close one half of the room, only then move on to the second part.

Note! The same level must be maintained; in some cases, a little more adhesive base can be applied.

• Next, you need to fill the empty space between the floor and walls, where the solid tiles did not fit. To do this, the material is cut with a special cutter with an adjustable size for uniform cutting.

A product that is cut on all sides may look bad after installation.

• After installation, the glue must dry and harden. After this, if the tile is porous and not previously coated with primer solutions (see the instructions for the tile), it should be coated with a primer.

Laying tiles on the floor with your own hands is a very labor-intensive process that requires a certain amount of care. If you follow all the rules and technologies, you will be able to get a reliable and durable flooring. It should also be taken into account that self-made repairs can significantly save money. family budget.

The work ahead will be long, it will be divided into several stages, which are completely interconnected.

Tool

First of all, they are determined from necessary tool. You will need:

• Hammer and rubber mallet.
• Chisel.
• A set of simple spatulas, as well as a serrated one.
• Trowel.
• Level and roulette.
• Tile cutter
• Tile adhesive, grout and sealant.
• A set of crosses for creating even seams.
• Container for water and solution.

Of course, depending on specific situation Other devices may be needed.

Calculation of material quantity

It is better to do this at the initial stage. Many people think that calculating floor tiles is quite difficult, but in reality everything is different. This is done by to the following principle:

• Define object parameters. Its width and length. The total area is calculated.
• The resulting indicator is divided by the area of ​​the selected tile (several options can be calculated at once).
• Ten percent is added to the resulting amount. This will be the necessary supply.

For example, the floor has a size of 3*3 meters. So the area will be nine square meters. An ordinary tile has a size of 30*30 cm. The resulting tile area is converted into meters: 0.09 sq. m. Total: 9:0.09+10%=110 pieces. When calculating trimming, the size of the seams is also taken into account.

On a note! Any large hardware store, which sells tiles, offers free services for calculating the required number of products.

Working with the surface

Laying floor tiles is only possible on a well-prepared surface. First, everything unnecessary is removed from the room. The old floor covering is removed. Communication is checked. This is precisely what is worth focusing on. The fact is that all water supply and drainage connections are done in advance. You should not work on the floor until all problems in this area have been resolved. If possible, it is advisable to immediately hide the pipes.

When all technical procedures completed, the surface leveling process begins. It is much easier to carry out work when it comes to new houses and apartments that only have screed and plaster. In old premises - you will have to try. The fact is that objects built many years ago may have different foundations. Sometimes you will have to create a new surface.

On a note! When it comes to bathrooms that are located in old apartment buildings, then pay attention to the baseboards. They are made from durable cement mixture. They will have to be removed completely, along with the coating.

Preparing the floor before laying tiles

1. After cleaning, there is a lot of dust and dirt left that needs to be removed. Floor tiles do not tolerate anything unnecessary.
2. The surface is measured. This is done to determine the existing curvature. Small differences are allowed - no more than 5 mm per 2 meters. Any defects that exceed the specified parameters require a more serious approach.
3. A leveling mixture will help correct the situation. It is better to choose cement-sand compositions. This mixture is poured along the installed beacons. The result is an even and smooth base. But this procedure is carried out after all deep cracks and potholes have been sealed.
4. Wooden floors need the same treatment. The only thing is that the procedure will be slightly different. First, the reliability of the joists and boards is checked. Next, the wood is impregnated with oil paints. The cracks are sealed in advance with elastic putty. A layer of waterproofing will be laid on the dried surface. A reinforcing mesh is pulled on top. The prepared mixture is poured.
5. Don’t forget about priming with penetrating compounds.

On a note! Rooms with high humidity require more careful treatment. Required condition will - . Different materials can be used for this. Some can be laid (film, roll), others can be applied using a roller and brush (liquid).

Indeed, laying floor tiles with your own hands requires a balanced approach to the surface. Small imperfections cannot be expected to be corrected by the final coating.

Marking

There are two main ways of tiling a floor. Each has its own characteristics.

1. The simplest option is to start installation from the far corner. The movement is towards the doorway. This method is suitable for small objects, as well as for rooms with complex geometry. Ideal for those who do not have sufficient experience.
2. A more complex option can also be used. In this case, veneering begins from the middle. The surface is pre-marked - you need to get four identical squares or rectangles. The lines will run through the center, creating four corners. You should choose one, it will serve as a starting point for work. Material laid according to this principle will require trimming along the entire perimeter. Therefore, such manipulations are carried out with sufficient experience.

It is recommended to start work with a preliminary arrangement of elements. That is, laying tiles on the floor is done “dry”. This will help you calculate everything correctly right away. Especially if there is a pattern that requires adjustment. It is also important to take into account the presence of seams. This method allows you to once again evaluate the size of the trim and, if necessary, make adjustments.

Advice! When making initial calculations, pay attention to the areas that will be located along the walls. To get a beautiful floor surface, you should be guided by the principle that the tiles should not be cut into narrow strips. The size should be more than 35-40% of the total width.

Laying

Laying ceramic tiles on the floor begins with preparing the adhesive. Even if you purchased a ready-made composition, it needs to be stirred thoroughly. When using a dry mixture, you need to follow the recommendations provided by the manufacturer.

You shouldn’t immediately prepare a large supply of glue. It should be taken into account that the process may take a significant amount of time. Then the composition will begin to lose its properties. It will simply freeze.

The work is carried out according to the following principle:

On a note! The space near the walls begins to be sealed at the last stage. This approach will help reduce time, since in this case it will be possible to trim all the material at once.

1. It should be taken into account that the technology of laying tiles on the floor does not allow the presence of voids. If such a defect is allowed to form, there is a high probability of damage to the coating.
2. Immediately wipe off excess glue from the surface. Otherwise, the glue will have to be removed with a special scraper.
3. The question often arises: how long does it take for the laid material to dry? It depends on the mixture used, but it is not recommended to walk on the floor for two days.
4. At the last stage, rubbing of the seams is used. This procedure allows you to get beautiful gaps. When the need arises, additional sealant is used.

If you analyze all the requirements and rules, it will become clear that laying tiles on the floor is a difficult task, but doable.