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What to do if you don’t have enough energy or time to build a full-fledged bathhouse? In this case, the principles of modular construction can be applied. They formed the basis of the technology for constructing a barrel bath. You can make such a design yourself, and with proper skill and the availability of tools, even without a partner.

As the name suggests, the body of the bathhouse is a cylindrical structure made of boards with groove connection. To strengthen it, tensioning elements are installed on the surface. metal plates(analogous to clamps). At first glance, the design will be ideally suited to the functions of the bathhouse. Inexpensive construction cost, the possibility of purchasing ready-made modular elements and high speed the buildings speak for themselves.

However, upon closer analysis, the following shortcomings become visible:

• Low thermal insulation of walls. IN winter period Heat losses can nullify all attempts to increase the temperature in the room to the desired level.
• Small area. Most factory models and standard drawings include a small dressing room and steam room in the design. Together their area can be up to 12 m², i.e. actually bath procedures can accommodate up to 3 people at the same time.
• Water supply and sewerage connection. Performing these procedures is difficult, since in winter there is a high probability of freezing of pipes and the formation of an ice plug in them.

If we remember that the premises are planned as a budget option baths, you can ignore all these disadvantages. The most important advantage design is the possibility of its transportation, which cannot be done with.

Design and selection of materials

First you need to develop at least a basic project documentation- drawing of the building and list of materials for its manufacture.

Now you can find many standard drawings of a barrel bath. Despite the apparent diversity, they all include the following basic elements:

Base

It is made of boards, the thickness of which should be at least 5-6 mm. At the first stage, a recess is made on each of them into which the boards will be installed. To strengthen the structure, the edges are covered with fixing formwork.

Assembly elements – edged boards with groove connection

It's best to choose quality material– larch or cedar. Their length must correspond to the overall size of the finished structure. Mounting recesses are made on the surface for installing partitions. It is not recommended to divide the components by length, as this will lead to loss thermal insulation properties designs.

Partitions

On wooden base the boards are stuffed and then cut so that the end result is a round structure. Its diameter should be less than the outer bath by the thickness of the wall boards. If an internal partition and an external entrance are being made, space should be left for the doorway.

Additional items

These include grated flooring and flooring. They are also made from wood.

Next, the installation site for the structure is equipped. To do this, select any place on plot of land, but it is recommended to install the bathhouse on a hill. A small hole is dug with a depth of up to 0.5 m and dimensions exceeding the size of the bathhouse by 40-50 cm. Sand and gravel, which is carefully compacted. After final alignment, you can begin assembly.

The bottom row of boards is nailed onto the installed frame. It is necessary to monitor the location of the mounting recesses - they must form one common groove. After this, the partitions are installed and secured. Their plane must be strictly perpendicular to the level of the sand flooring.

After this, the remaining wall boards are nailed. A correction rail is installed between the first and last. It should be wedge shaped. With its help, it will be possible to adjust the gap in case of swelling or thermal expansion of the boards. Next, the entire structure is tightened with metal tape. To remove water, holes are drilled on the floor surface. This is done in at least 3 places. At this point, the construction of the barrel sauna body is completed.

On final stage flooring, flooring and doors are installed. Particular attention should be paid to safety precautions when installing the boiler. This area needs to be covered fire-resistant material. For convenience, holes are made in the wall of the bathhouse for supplying water and electricity. The resulting structure, if necessary, can be transported by any in a convenient way– on a trailer or in a truck.

Sometimes the construction of a capital bathhouse on suburban area is considered inappropriate and quite costly. In this case, a practical and cheap option for a structure that can be made with your own hands in the shortest possible time is a barrel sauna. At the same time, the finished structure can organically combine medicinal properties classic bath, beneficial effects natural wood, mobility of design and ease of use.

Advantages and disadvantages of a barrel bath

Many homeowners dream of a private bathhouse, because it does not require special permission or construction separate foundation, log house and roofing system.

Like a stationary structure, a barrel-shaped bathhouse has its pros and cons, which should be taken into account before construction begins.

• Mobility, compactness and convenient design. Compact dimensions and relatively low weight (up to 1.5 tons) allow such a structure to be installed on any type of foundation and easily transported over long distances. The average does not exceed 12 square meters. m, so the mobile structure can be used in the country or on frequent trips.
• Fast warm-up. The heating rate of a bath in a barrel is twice as high as that of stationary structures. To obtain the first steam it will take from 20 to 35 minutes, while the air is heated to a comfortable and safe temperature for the human body of 95 degrees.
• High heat capacity. This design prevents heat losses, so it will require much less fuel to warm it up. So, if 14 logs are used to light a traditional sauna, then for a barrel-shaped sauna - no more than 9.
• Cost-effective and durable. To build a round sauna, you will need less finance compared to the construction of a stationary steam room of the same size. In addition, it does not require the construction of a foundation. It is enough to install massive beams connected to each other, which will form a solid foundation.
• Ergonomics. Round design allows for efficient use of each square meter area. Here you can equip a full-fledged steam room, a dressing room (locker room) and a shower. The capacity of a medium-sized sauna ranges from 3 to 8 people.
• Year-round operation. Thanks to the small area and efficient work heaters, in a round bath you can maintain a constant temperature even in winter. Thus, the steam room can be used throughout the year.
• Ease of maintenance. Another advantage that makes such a design stand out against the background of stationary structures. Easy to clean thanks to minimum quantity corners and hard-to-reach places.
• Affordable price. The construction of a round bathhouse will cost several times less than the construction of a full-fledged stationary steam room.

The main disadvantage of mobile structures is the need for mandatory insulation for operation in winter, which ultimately increases the cost of the finished project.

Main types of round baths

Depending on the size, design features and purpose, barrel-shaped baths are divided into three main types. Short review each of them:

1. Russian steam room. Wet hot steam and a traditional attribute - a birch or oak broom. This structure consists of two functional zones– steam room and washing department.
2. Finnish sauna. High temperature regime and dry steam. It is advisable to have a hanging bucket or font at your disposal for conducting contrasting water procedures.
3. Japanese ofuro. A spacious wooden vat equipped with a heater.

Russian steam room

The most popular type of bathhouse, which can be organized on your own site. Bath procedures include a set of activities taking place in the steam room and washing room.

The steam room has a sauna stove, which provides fast warm-up structure and promotes the formation of thick and wet steam. The washing room is used for contrasting water procedures after warming up the body in the steam room.

Since bath procedures require a large amount of water, the design of the bath must provide for a special drainage system.

The heating stove is mounted between two functional areas so that the chamber with the heater is located in the steam room, and expansion tank and the firebox is in the washing room.

Since Russian round sauna is small-sized heating equipment must be compact and safe. Inner surface walls should be covered with fireproof panels.

Dry sauna

A Finnish sauna made from a barrel of dry steam can be located in one room. Distinctive feature buildings - the presence of a font for contrasting procedures. Setting up a round dry sauna is much easier than building a full-length stationary sauna.

Such a structure must be airtight, practical, safe and durable. In a dry steam room, unlike a Russian one, there is no drainage system. The main requirement is to provide ventilation openings with valves in the wall and floor base. The sauna is also equipped with comfortable benches and a compact heating stove.

The round barrel sauna can be mounted in a horizontal or vertical position. It is important to remember that the horizontal position provides for a significant increase in the total area of ​​the building.

Ofuro

Types of wood for a barrel-shaped sauna

The most popular material for the construction of a round bath is. For these purposes, it is better to use bath tree species: larch, oak, cedar, linden and aspen.

• Oak buildings– wear-resistant and durable. They are inert to rotting, cracking and deformation. The wood cut has an attractive texture and pleasant aroma. The disadvantages of such wood are the high cost and complexity of pre-processing.
• Linden buildings– practical and safe. Linden baths have a beneficial effect on the human body, promoting rejuvenation and cleansing. Linden lumber is easy to process and assemble; in addition, it has high heat capacity, but is short-lived and susceptible to rotting.
• Aspen buildings– accessible and cheap. In terms of its performance characteristics, aspen is not inferior to linden, but at the same time it is resistant to overheating, cracking and deformation.

You should not use coniferous wood containing a large number of resins that are released when lumber is heated.

The exception is cedar lumber, which has a powerful healing effect on the body. The cedar bath is especially useful for people suffering from diseases of the respiratory system.

Important! Coniferous wood (spruce, pine) is suitable for assembling the frame, and hardwood is suitable for interior decoration.

For the manufacture of bath equipment and furniture, more than cheap material– alder, fir and birch. But they are absolutely unsuitable for building a bathhouse.

Assembling the base for a round bath

A frame barrel sauna does not require a foundation. It can be installed on any flat surface– concreted, asphalted, covered with crushed stone, covered with turf or tiled.

For the base, high-quality edged boards with a thickness of 5 mm or more are used. Crossbars are mounted in increments of 150 cm, so the number is determined by the dimensions of the building.

Round grooves are made on the crossbars that correspond to the contours of the bathhouse. For this purpose, special patterns are used from durable material. The width of the rest of the lumber is 10 cm.

The parts are connected to each other with screws, and are used to reinforce the finished structure. metal corners, which are fixed in the corners and at the joints of longitudinal boards and crossbars.

Technology for constructing a home barrel bath

To assemble a simple barrel-shaped bath structure, you will need the following tools and materials:

• Electric jigsaw and drill.
• Screwdriver.
• Hammer.
• Plane.
• Building level.
• Roulette.
• Steel clamps.
• Window and door structures.
• Heating equipment.
• Supporting wooden blocks.
• Roofing material.
• Material for stove insulation.
• Pipes for water supply and chimney.
• Fastening elements.

The main material used is a sauna board of arbitrary width, 6 cm thick. Fixation method: tongue and groove.

To determine the required number of boards, the circumference is divided by the width of the board.

Example. The circumference is 7.5 meters, the width of the board is 9 cm. Number of boards = 7500 mm/90 mm = 83.3. To work you will need 83 boards.

The lumber is carefully sanded at the ends and treated with antifungal impregnations.

To make a high-quality assembly of a bathhouse with your own hands, it is recommended to prepare a working drawing future design indicating the dimensions of all elements.

Stage No. 1. Construction of the base for the barrel

The number of supports is determined by the length of the building. The beams are sawn to a length equal to the diameter of the bathhouse. If the diameter is 2.5 meters, all supports must be the same length. The supports are installed in 1.5 meter increments.

Small recesses are made on top of the beams for installation bath design, the remaining parts of the supports should protrude 10 cm on each side.

The supports are installed on a prepared site, maintaining a slight slope for drainage.

Stage No. 2. Fixing the floorboards

The first board is mounted in the middle of the future structure. On both sides of the first element, boards are installed sequentially with a groove connection. All recesses in the support beams must be covered with floorboards.

Stage No. 3. Installation of partitions and walls

The number of partitions depends on the number of functional areas in the bathhouse. They are installed in in the right places according to the working draft. Next, external walls of the required length are installed, and door and window openings are formed.

The finished bath structure must be airtight and reliable.

Stage No. 4. Screed with steel clamps

To ensure additional strength and wear resistance of the bath, finished design strengthened with steel clamps. Holes are made at the ends of the tie to secure it to wooden frame fasteners, preferably bolts and nuts.

The screed will not only ensure the strength of the frame, but will also prevent heat loss during the operation of the building.

Stage No. 5. Installation of door and window structures

Pre-ordered structures are installed in prepared openings, the joints are carefully caulked and sealed with sealant.

Stage No. 6. Roof installation

To decorate the roof of a round bathhouse, you can use soft or hard roofing material, and the installation process itself is much simpler and more affordable than in traditional buildings.

Arrangement of a mobile barrel bath

At the final stage, work is carried out on the internal arrangement of the bathhouse:

1. A drain hole is made in the floorboards with the connection of drainage pipes.
2. Performed wood flooring for ease of use of the steam room - a removable grate with technological gaps between the boards of 1.5 cm.
3. Shelves are installed along the perimeter of the walls, if available free space the table is installed.
4. Thermal insulation of surfaces is carried out - walls, ceilings and floors using heat-resistant materials. Heating equipment, a chimney with outlet to the street and an expansion tank for heating water are installed. The ceiling opening for the chimney is protected with thermal insulation material.
5. A heating stove is being installed. It is more convenient to operate an electric heater with a power of 5 kW or more in a mobile sauna.
6. The water tank is connected to the stove. Water pipes are being installed.
7. If the design includes a shower, a tray and the necessary set of plumbing equipment are installed.
8. The electrical wiring is laid in a waterproofing box with a connection to the distribution board.
9. A font for contrast procedures is installed.

Wooden structural elements and surfaces are treated special composition based on linseed oil to protect against rotting and deformation.

For safe operation of the barrel sauna in winter, it is recommended to make high-quality thermal insulation of the structure from the outside to prevent heat loss and reduce fuel consumption.

Construction mobile sauna- a responsible undertaking that requires minimal experience in working with lumber and compliance with all stages of the technological process.

Building a permanent bathhouse is not cheap and takes a long time. But there is an option that you can do yourself in a few days (if you have at least some experience construction work). A barrel bath is a budget option for a small bath/sauna. Moreover, the building itself has an unusual and attractive appearance, so there is no need for exterior finishing.

The dimensions of the barrel bath can be from 2 to 6 meters. The smallest ones consist of a single room - a steam room with a stove installed in it.

Facilities bigger size They may also have a washing room and a rest room; sometimes a porch with a canopy is attached to the bathhouse. There are, in fact, a lot of options.

To make a barrel sauna, you can use wood of different species, but since it will be used in the most unfavorable conditions (precipitation, sun or frost outside, steam, high temperatures and humidity from the inside), then it is best to use wood varieties that are resistant to moisture. These include, first of all, cedar and larch. Although they cost a lot, the costs are recouped due to long term operation of structures made of these rocks.

When making a barrel bath, an edged board with a tongue-and-groove connection is used.

Some companies can produce special type a recess in the form of a part of a circle. This connection is convenient to use when assembling a round structure.

If you use a conventional type of connection, then you need to take boards of small width so that they “fit” into the circle.

The weight of the structure is not very large and the structure does not require a special separate foundation. All you need is to find a flat, solid area on which to install the bathhouse, and make a base that will support the round structure. That's all.

As a site, you can use a concreted, asphalted area, lined with paving slabs, or simply a well-compacted and leveled area covered with turf.

The base is made from edged boards High Quality, thickness not less than 5 mm. The supporting cross boards should be installed at a distance of no more than 1.5 meters, so their number depends on the size of the bathhouse. A rounded recess is cut out on the transverse parts, which follows the contours of the future bathhouse. The contours are applied using a pattern cut from dense material. The remaining part of the board must be at least 10 cm wide.

The prepared parts are connected using screws; additional rigidity of the structure will be given by metal corners screwed at the corners or at the junction of the longitudinal and transverse parts of the base (depending on the design).

Important! Do not forget to treat all parts with impregnation or other protective agent before starting assembly. After installing the barrel, this will be very problematic.

Assembly of bath partitions

The next step is assembling the partitions. The end wall boards are attached to several base bars. When assembling partitions, do not forget to leave an opening for installing a door (doors, if there are several rooms) and a window. All boards must be treated with a special impregnation for the bath.

Everyone chooses the diameter of the barrel themselves, based on the composition of the family or those who will take a steam bath. Please note that it is uncomfortable to be in very small rooms, and heating very large ones will take a lot of time.

Several boards of the required length are laid on the prepared base, connecting them using the tongue-and-groove method. When a certain part has been assembled, sufficient to install the end partitions, they are installed and secured. Then they continue to assemble the boards around them, completing the circle.

Nuance! To make partitions easier to install, on longitudinal boards in certain places with inside cut grooves equal to the width of the partition board. A ready-made partition is then installed in them.

To ensure structural rigidity finished barrel It is advisable to tighten them with iron hoops. Iron clamps are used to connect the parts of the hoop (preferably on both sides). Then, during use and drying of the wood, the clamps can be tightened, making the gaps minimal.

Video about how to assemble a barrel sauna with your own hands: a man assembles it and his wife helps him.

Internal equipment of a barrel bath

The main thing in such a bathhouse is comfortable shelves. They are recommended to be made from linden or aspen. What else needs to be done in such a bathhouse is the floors. They need to be laid at a slight angle so that water flows into the designated area. To improve air circulation, you can place on the floor wooden grate, with a distance between the boards of at least 1 cm. In this case, your feet will be warm and dry, and the water will drain without obstacles.

Where to drain the water depends on each specific case. If there is a sewerage system on the site, organize the drainage of water into the pipe branch (so as not to leak bad smell, put special valve), if there is no sewage system on the site, you can arrange drain hole, into which water will be discharged.

If you will only use the bathhouse when warm time, then there is no need to insulate it. If year-round use is expected, then it is better to insulate with modern roll materials, but then it is necessary to take additional care of vapor barrier and interior decoration the entire room.

And one more important nuance: what kind of stove to put in a barrel sauna. There can only be two options: either an electric heater or a small wood-burning stove. When installing the oven, be sure to carefully and securely protect wooden walls, the floor and ceiling near it, the place where the chimney exits (when using a wood-burning stove).

Exterior decoration of the barrel bath

Last necessary stage- roof installation. You can simply make a soft roof, or assemble a simple one rafter system, onto which the roofing material is then mounted.

When installing soft roof, top part the barrels are covered with waterproofing material, on which soft roofing material (roofing felt or roofing material) is laid on top bitumen shingles). For the manufacture of rafters, bars with a cross section of 50x50 mm are used, and as roofing material You can use corrugated sheets or metal tiles (laid on the sheathing).

The outside and inside of the bathhouse can be treated linseed oil, Can i . Everyone decides what to process for themselves, based on their views and preferences.

The barrel sauna can be assembled in a few days at most, but it can delight you and give you health for years. A very good option for country use and more.

Drawings of a barrel bath, a small and compact structure. The proposed model is easy to use, but difficult to manufacture - it cannot be done without special woodworking equipment. But if you still decide to build it, be sure that such a structure will decorate any garden plot in the country or near the house, and this building will fully perform the functions of a traditional bathhouse.

Let's consider one of the options

The total area of ​​the building is 9.35 (m²).
Built-up area personal plot– 10.35 (m²).

Area of ​​premises along the central axis:

1. The rest room is combined with a locker room - 3.95 (m²).
2. The steam room is combined with a sink - 4.15 (m²).
3. Open vestibule – 1.25 (m²).

The barrel sauna consists of two main elements, which have serious technical requirements:

1. Lamella.
2. Wall (partition).

LAMELLA

Made from planed timber measuring 50 x 118 (mm) in cross section. Suitable for these purposes: cedar; oak; aspen; Linden.
The barrel consists of 72 identical lamellas.

Reference:
Are subjected to mechanical processing wooden blanks, with humidity no more than 12...15%.

WALL

It is made from dried tongue-and-groove boards 50 (mm) thick, which are assembled into a square board, then cut to a given diameter. The end around the entire perimeter is ground down to a thickness of 44 (mm).
Three walls are built into the barrel: the front with front door; central with the entrance door to the steam room; the rear is solid with windows.

STAND

The inner diameter of the stand must strictly correspond to the outer diameter of the barrel.

Assembling a barrel begins with building a foundation and installing stands on it. site is necessary taking into account the established requirements in the legislation.

The slats go around the walls, which are fixed in grooves.

The assembly procedure is described in detail in the video.

The lamella tie can be made from corrosion-resistant steel tape GOST 3560-73. The principle of operation is the same as the reinforced large diameter bolt clamp shown in the figure below.

For small summer cottages the most topical issue is the lack of usable space. If the owner of the land also wants to build a bathhouse here, then he will have to work hard to choose suitable project. The most popular in such a situation will be a barrel sauna, assembled or installed with your own hands.

This invention is attributed to Finnish sauna lovers. It allows you to minimize the cost of installing your favorite Sabbath holiday attribute.

Design advantages

This building has a lot of positive properties:

• There is no need to install a capital or expensive foundation for such a construction project. Before you make a sauna barrel with your own hands, you just need to select and level the required area.
• A small piece of land will go under it.
• Drawings of a barrel bath allow you to change any elements with your own hands if necessary, as well as quickly assemble/disassemble the structure.

Some designs even allow you to create 2 rooms - a steam room and a dressing room

• Due to its mobility, a do-it-yourself sauna barrel like the one in the photo can be easily transported to any distance, because the mass of all elements rarely exceeds a mass of more than one and a half tons.
• The maximum useful use of the available volume can be achieved due to the absence of corners in the design.
• Thanks to its versatility, you can mount the stove on wood or use electric heaters high power.
• The unusual appearance will enhance any garden plot.

The main advantage of the bathhouse is its mobility. At any time, the building can be transported from place to place or even transported to another locality.

It is worth mentioning the negative aspects of a barrel sauna constructed with my own hands from boards. It lies in the fact that in standard design There is no provision for insulation in winter. Therefore, for those who want to use it in winter, it is necessary to take care of thermal insulation. Although this process can increase the final cost of construction.

Material selection

Physical characteristics depend on the material used. In the case of ordinary baths, you can use any material, and then line it inside the right tree, then this will not be possible here.

When choosing, you should not rely on conifers, except cedar. This type of tree can be included in the series possible materials for assembling a barrel sauna with your own hands as in the video. These blanks allow you to create an aromatherapy effect indoors, providing therapeutic and prophylactic properties. It is resistant to moisture and harmful microorganisms.

Linden is also suitable for making a barrel sauna with a stove with your own hands. It will form healing air and have a beneficial effect on the respiratory tract. The disadvantage of this material is its low durability and tendency to rot in a humid environment.

Preparatory work

Before you build a sauna barrel with your own hands, you need to adjust the size wooden elements. At self-processing You can use a board with a section of 90x50 mm. If not technical feasibility If you want to customize the boards, you can turn to specialists to form the desired interface.

When preparing materials, it is necessary to create all boards of equal dimensions.

The quantity is calculated depending on the desired diameter of the building. It is enough to take a sheet of paper yourself and display all the values ​​​​on it on a certain scale. Usually they mean 2.5 m in height and 6 m in length.

It is important to consider boards for such procedures:

• bottom installation;
• installation of partitions;
• blocking the end parts.

The tightening is carried out with metal hoops, which resemble the classic hoops on traditional barrels. To lay the roof you will need to choose a hard or soft roofing material.

The procedure for assembling from separate boards with metal hoops

Installation procedure

Do-it-yourself assembly of a barrel sauna is carried out on a prepared site. An asphalt surface is suitable for this, a place on paving slabs or just flat ground with compacted turf.

Under the base, a shaped board up to 5 cm thick is used and with a figuratively cut hemisphere to look like a barrel. They are mounted every 1.3-1.5 m. Sawing is carried out according to a single pattern. Holders with semicircular holes are attached to the base frame with a construction angle and self-tapping screws.

All wooden elements of the base of the barrel sauna are impregnated with a protective solution with your own hands, as in the video.

VIDEO: The whole truth about the barrel sauna

Rear walls

Both surfaces must be fitted as closely as possible to minimize the occurrence of cracks. The back side usually contains one or two windows. The front room has a door. The places under them are fixed with special wooden spacers.

We fit the dimensions of the door into the circle so that it touches only the corners of the inner perimeter of the circle. We make cuts in the window area with a jigsaw.

Preparing boards for walls

Making a barrel sauna with your own hands requires a sufficient number of boards with certain keys. They are formed by radius processing of timber along two long sides. The first radius will be convex, and the second will be concave. During their pairing, a reliable fixation will occur.

The radii are selected based on the width of the board (r=b). This way it will be possible to securely connect all the boards of the wall.

High-quality dried workpieces, even over a relatively long length, will not rotate and will reliably fit in the locking joints.

Assembly of elements

The base is laid with a slight slope. It will drain excess moisture. At the lowest point we form a drain hole and bring it to it sewer pipe. The first board is placed in the prepared arcs. Preliminary fixation is carried out using internal partition and crossbars. Next, all the boards are assembled as a simple construction set, and the fixation is completed with metal hoops.

Adjusting the hoops

The roof can be covered either with rafters or by laying soft roofing material. You can also cover a barrel-shaped bathhouse with your own hands using metal tiles and corrugated sheets.

Due to the economical design, such a bath is heated in 30-40 minutes, and the heat lasts up to 3 hours. This is quite enough for small company or family.

VIDEO: How to assemble a barrel sauna