Technological map technological map for the installation of columnar monolithic foundations using small-panel formwork. Technological map for installation of formwork for a monolithic house. Scheme for the production of reinforcement works.

Individual and industrial construction of multi-storey monolithic buildings, bridges and overpasses is carried out using formwork floors. They are easy to install and allow the construction of buildings of various shapes and sizes in various climatic zones with ambient temperatures from +45 to -40 degrees C.

Formwork on volumetric racks

Types of floor formwork

From the main ones technical characteristics of the object under construction - its withstand load, dimensions, ceiling height - the use depends various types formwork:

recommended for floors up to 5 meters high. They are the most economical of all types of formwork and are erected within a short period of time. The tripod base is quite stable and reliably supports the main stand. Moisture-resistant plywood panels are placed on beams made of wood or metal profiles.
Volumetric racks of floor formwork are erected at a height of up to 20 meters. Ease of installation is ensured by vertical racks connected by crossbars, flange systems and jacks. Depending on the installation method, they are divided into:

on wedge scaffolding - with a frame made of horizontal and vertical racks, which can be installed under different angles, depending on the complexity of the work performed on different areas construction. The scaffolding and working ladders provide the necessary level of safety for the working personnel.
with cup scaffolding - allowing you to install up to 4 structural elements at the same level.

Arrangement of volumetric racks

The main starting rack is mounted on the jack, onto which additional racks of different lengths are attached to the flanges. The same flanges are used to install horizontal crossbars that fasten sections of formwork. Additional racks and crossbars of different lengths allow the construction of sectional groups of various sizes. The top of the structure is crowned with a jack with a unifork on which wooden or metal beams decks.

The starting and additional racks are made of metal, providing the necessary structural rigidity. It can be strengthened with the help of additional special flanges installed one meter apart. Easy installation is ensured by one narrowed end of the stand. Uniform load distribution is guaranteed by wedge clamps, which also increase the reliability and strength of the entire structure.

Specifications:

Maximum height limit, m – 20.
Minimum height limit, m – 1.5.
Pitch of racks, m - 1.0; 1.25; 1.5; 1.75; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0.
The maximum limit of distributed load on the crossbar, kg – 1200.
Allowable turnover is 100 cycles.
Maximum turnover – 200 cycles.
Section height, m – 0.5.

The calculation of formwork for construction depends on the total area of the building being constructed and the load on the axles. For ease of installation, the distance between the posts is from 1 to 3 meters in half-meter increments. plywood sheet selected taking into account the trim for size adjustment on the installed sites.

Advantages of volumetric racks of floor formwork:

Safety of operation due to rigid and reliable fastening.
Possibility of moving individual units without disassembling them using lifting devices.
Easy installation and dismantling using universal fastening elements for the entire system.
Most effective when working at high altitudes.
Can be used for finishing work.
Long - up to a maximum of 200 cycles.
Possibility of developing customized design solutions in construction.

Manufacturers of volumetric slab formwork offer not only standard sizes all components, but also manufacture designs according to orders construction organizations. It is possible to purchase a ready-made set or rent it, which will significantly reduce construction costs.

Regulatory documentation for floor formwork

Each manufacturing enterprise prepares its own internal standards for the production of structural elements. All components of the formwork must comply with the requirements relating to products of hazard class 2 according to GOST R 52085 - 2003, which must be confirmed by a certificate from the regional body Rosstandart. Technological process production is strictly regulated by company specialists at every stage.

When installing the structure and working at height, safety requirements must be observed. All actions must be carried out in special protective clothing and using personal protective equipment. Workers must be familiar with the basic technical documentation and have permission to work.

How to make volumetric formwork yourself

It is much more economical to make formwork when building a private house with my own hands. But it is worth considering the following nuances:

Particular attention should be paid to the installation of support posts that bear the main load. Reliability is ensured metal supports, but working with them is a little more difficult than with wooden ones.
Ensure that the base is installed rigidly. To do this, installation is carried out on a carefully prepared site - uneven areas are compacted and wooden spacers are laid along the axes.
Longitudinal beams are attached to the racks on metal corners using bolted connections.
The transverse beams do not require fastening, but are simply laid on the longitudinal ones. This helps to facilitate the dismantling process after all work is completed.
Using braces, support posts and longitudinal beams are secured.
The plywood should be laid closely together, carefully monitoring the joints, which should be located strictly on the floor beam.
Most optimal distance between racks is 1.5 meters.
The entire structure is leveled using a level or level and plumb line.
Installation of each subsequent tier should be done after carefully securing and checking the previous one.

To make formwork, you can use existing lumber, but it must be non-rotten and thoroughly dried wood coniferous species. The beams of the racks must have a cross-section of at least 12*12 cm, and the beams must have a cross-section of 16*16 cm.

Dismantling of formwork

De installation work depend on the drying time of the concrete or the completion of the necessary finishing measures. In hot summer weather, the formwork can be removed after 3 to 4 days. All work is carried out in the reverse order that was carried out during assembly. After this, the formwork can be reused. To do this, all elements must be labeled, sorted and cleaned of all contaminants.

Installation and dismantling volumetric formwork flooring is quite a troublesome and complicated matter. Extreme attention and concentration are required during assembly, on which the life and health of workers may depend. But with some knowledge of technology and the required materials, it is possible on our own carry out all required work within the planned time frame.

GOSSTROY USSR

CENTRAL RESEARCH FACILITY
AND DESIGN AND EXPERIMENTAL
INSTITUTE OF ORGANIZATION, MECHANIZATION
AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR CONSTRUCTION
(TsNIIOMTP)

ROUTING
FOR INSTALLATION AND DISMANTLING OF FORMWORK
WALLS AND COLORS

The album contains a technological map for the production of formwork work during construction monolithic walls and floors typical floor using the example of a 16-story building in Leningrad.

Routing intended for engineering and technical workers of construction organizations.

The technological map was developed by employees of the TsNIIOMTP of the USSR State Construction Committee (candidate of technical sciences B.V. Zhadanovsky, N.I. Evdokimov, L.A. Zueva, Yu.A. Yarymov, etc.).

The technological map is intended to determine the technical and economic indicators of the construction of monolithic structures at the design stage, as well as for a comparative technical and economic assessment of constructive and technological solutions of residential buildings under normal construction conditions.

Technical and economic indicators (labor costs, wage and output per worker per shift) are compiled for formwork work when constructing walls and ceilings different thicknesses using large-panel formwork for walls or small-panel and large-panel formwork for floors based on developed technological maps for a 16-story (standard project 1-528KP-82-1v) house in Leningrad.

All indicators determined according to the current ENiR for the conditions of construction of buildings with a height of 50 m are recalculated for buildings of a different number of storeys using coefficients that take into account changes in the labor intensity of the work.


Height of the building under construction, m
	0,90	0,92	0,93	0,95	0,98	1,00	1,03
Height of the building under construction, m
Correction factor to labor intensity	1,05	1,10	1,13	1,18	1,21	1,23

When developing the map, the most characteristic monolithic structures, therefore, the data presented can be used to develop technology for the production of work during the construction of buildings of various architectural, planning and constructive solutions.

INSTALLATION AND DISASSEMBLY OF FORMWORK FOR WALLS AND COLORS

1 AREA OF USE

1.1. A technological map has been developed for the production of formwork work during the construction of monolithic walls and floors of a typical floor using the example of a 16-story residential building in Leningrad.

1.2. The work covered by the map includes: enlargement of formwork panels; delivery of formwork to the installation site; installation of formwork; dismantling of formwork.

1.3. The work is carried out in 2 shifts.

2. ORGANIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

2.1. Before installing large-panel formwork, the following must be completed: following works: breakdown of wall axes; leveling the surface of floors; checking the completeness of the delivered formwork; enlarged assembly of shields; cleaning the floor from debris.

2.2. Elements of large-panel formwork are transported in the following positions:

modular panels - by size in a horizontal position, 10 - 15 pcs. on wooden spacers;

brackets, railings, connections - in special wooden containers;

small components and parts - also in wooden containers.

2.3. Received at construction site elements of large-panel formwork are placed in the crane’s operating area.

2.4. The formwork of the walls is installed in two stages: first, the formwork of one side of the wall is installed to the entire height of the floor, and after installing the reinforcement, the formwork of the second side is installed.

2.5. For the installation of floors, small-panel formwork was used on telescopic stands and large panel formwork.

2.6. The finished formwork is checked and accepted by the foreman or workman. Upon acceptance, the following must be checked: compliance of the shape and geometric dimensions with the working drawings; coincidence of the formwork axes with the alignment axes of the structures; accuracy of marks of individual formwork planes; verticality and horizontality of formwork panels; correct installation of embedded parts and wooden plugs; density of shield joints.

Correct position vertical planes is verified by a plumb line, and horizontality by a level or level.

Deviations in the dimensions and position of the formwork elements should not exceed the tolerances specified in SNiP 3.03.01-87 “Load-bearing and enclosing structures”.

riggers 2 grades - 2

Installation of formwork is carried out using a KB 403 tower crane with a boom length of 30 m, installed according to the construction plan. Installation of formwork is carried out using clamps. Each floor in the plan is divided into two sections.

Concreting of columns, walls and ceilings is carried out using Peri formwork. The formwork kit consists of:

WALLS - made of metal panels lined with waterproof plywood 21 mm thick, withstanding the pressure of freshly laid concrete 60 kN/m 2; BFD straightening locks, which ensure cohesion, evenness and density of formwork panels in one operation; tie rods DV – 15 with a nut – spacer with a permissible load on the tie rod of 90 kN; RSS leveling strands with support, ensuring the stability of the formwork structures and designed for a load of 30 kN; consoles for suspended scaffolding TRZh 120, ensuring safety with a load on the scaffold of 150 kg/m 2.

COLUMNS – TRS metal panels lined with waterproof plywood 21 mm thick, withstanding the permissible pressure of freshly laid concrete 100 kN/m 2, column tension bolts with a permissible load per bolt of 90 kN.

FLOORS - from lattice beams GT 24 of various lengths with a load-bearing capacity - shear force in the struts - 14 kN, bending moment - 7 kNm, supports PER 30 with a load-bearing capacity of 30 kN; boards made of waterproof plywood 21 mm thick.

The formwork is delivered to the construction site in special containers by road and stored under a canopy.

See the formwork installation diagram below, it shows a diagram of the arrangement of work tables and the installation and docking of PERI carts.

Before installing the formwork on the grip, you must do the following:

Concreting a reinforced concrete slab with reinforcement outlets for columns, walls, and an elevator shaft;

Apply the marks of alignment axes on reinforced concrete slabs;

Apply the concrete-separating liquid “Pera – Klin” to the formwork panels using a spray gun;

installation of design reinforcement;

delivery of tools, fixtures and equipment to the workplace.

Formwork installation diagram.

The order of installation of formwork on the grip:

WALLS and COLUMNS:

Install the block of external formwork panels on spacers;

Install fittings;

Install a block of internal panels on ties and locks with hanging scaffolding and decking consoles.

The main axes of the building are moved to the slab from benchmarks. All other axes of the building are extended from the main axes of the measurement paths. Vertical control over the construction of a monolithic house is carried out floor by floor with theodolites using the inclined design method.

When carrying out geodetic work, it is necessary to be guided by SNiP 3.01.03 - 84 “Geodetic work in construction”.

To reduce deck adhesion concrete surface Clean it thoroughly and spray it with Peri-Klin concrete separating liquid. Cleaning should be carried out immediately after removing the formwork by spraying with water, then using a scraper with a rubber tip and a hair brush and spraying with concrete separating liquid. Apply concrete separating liquid using a hand-held spray gun. Application should be carried out at the storage site (in winter time- in a warm room). Provide measures to prevent the lubricant film from being washed away by rain.

Slinging of the formwork is carried out using a special TRIO hook, included in the formwork kit, and a transport sling with four ropes. To lift the panels, use two TRIO crane hooks ( load bearing capacity one hook – 1.5 t).

See the diagram for slinging the formwork elements below.

Lifting of small and piece items should be carried out in containers.

Slinging scheme for formwork elements.

The sequence of operations when installing wall formwork:

The position of the diaphragm is marked on site using hammer drills, and holes Ø = 25 mm and 90 mm deep are drilled in reinforced concrete slabs for installation of NKD-S M 20 anchors.

On the stand, in a horizontal position, a package of panels (3 pieces) is assembled, connected by BFP locks with RSS1 spacers attached to them.

Using crane hooks of the “Peri” system (2 pieces per transport unit), the package of panels is lifted into a vertical position and transported by crane to the installation site.

The package of panels is installed according to the risks in the design position on the outer section of the diaphragm and secured with spacers RSS1 and anchors NKD - S M20 to reinforced concrete slab. Separate panels or packages of panels are attached to the installed formwork, depending on the length of the diaphragm, and fastened together with BFD locks in the quantity specified in the project.

The entire structure is brought into a vertical position using spacers RSS1, and then the reinforcing work begins.

After completing the reinforcement work, an internal row of formwork panels is installed, connected to the previously installed panels using DW-15 ties and nut-washers, with the installation of PVC-U pipes Ø = 25 mm long per diaphragm thickness.

Then the end panels Shch-1 are installed, connected to the formwork panels with BFD locks and leveling locks TAR-85, scaffolding consoles TRG - 120 and wood flooring thickness 35 – 40 mm.

The entire structure is finally brought into a strictly vertical position and handed over for concrete work.

COLUMNS:

Reinforcement work is being carried out.

A formwork block is assembled on a horizontal stand from two panels connected by column bolts.

Using a crane equipped with slings with two TRIO hooks, the block is brought into a vertical position and installed on a horizontal platform and temporarily secured to the base with a spacer RSS1.

The third shield is being installed.

A block of three panels is transported to the installation site using a tower crane using two TRIO hooks and mounted in the design position with the RSS1 spacer secured to the floor slab.

The fourth shield is mounted and secured with spacer RSS1.

The scaffold consoles are hung and the scaffold panel flooring is installed.

The formwork is brought into a strictly vertical position using spacers RSS1. The formwork is ready for concreting elevator shaft.

The internal elevator shafts are marked on the foundation slab.

On a stand in a horizontal position, four packages of panels are assembled for the length of the inner wall of the elevator shaft, fastened together with BFD locks according to the design.

Using crane hooks of the TRIO system (2 pieces per transport unit), the package is lifted into a vertical position and delivered to the installation site by a tower crane. The package is installed in the design position with temporary fastening with the RSST spacer to the reinforced concrete slab. Then the remaining packages of panels are installed and connected with BFD locks according to the design.

Reinforcement work is being carried out.

After the completion of the reinforcement work, the outer formwork panels of the elevator shaft are installed, connected to the previously installed formwork with DW 15 ties with nuts-washers and PVC-U pipes Ø 25 mm long for the thickness of the elevator wall, leveling locks TAR - 85 and between them with BFD locks according to the project.

The RSS1 spacers are installed, the TRG-120 scaffolding consoles are hung, and the plank flooring is made according to the design.

Using spacers RSS1, the structure is brought into a vertical position and handed over for concrete work.

Produced concrete works.

Sequence of installation of elevator shaft formwork from mark +0.000

Supporting elements (support stand) are installed in the upper holes, freed from ties, to support the next tier of formwork according to the design.

Flooring is being installed in the elevator shaft and in staircase for installation and reinforcement works.

The internal formwork of the elevator shaft (assembled) is mounted using a tower crane onto the installed support elements (supports) in the elevator shaft.

Reinforcement work is being carried out on the tier of installed formwork in the elevator shaft.

External packages of formwork panels are installed with the installation of DW1 ties, PVC-U pipes Ø 25 mm with fastening with BFD locks, RSS1 spacers with fastening with NKD - S M20 anchors, TRG - 120 scaffolding consoles are hung and plank flooring is made on them according to the design.

The entire structure is brought into a strictly vertical position and handed over for concrete work.

Concrete work is being carried out.

OVERLAPPING

Installation and dismantling of the “multiflex” floor formwork is carried out according to the technological map.

DISMANTLING FORMWORK.

Dismantling of the formwork of columns, walls and the elevator shaft begins when the concrete reaches a strength of 1.5 MPa, the ceiling is 15 MPa.

The order of dismantling the formwork.

COLUMNS

A block of two internal panels is dismantled

The next block of two panels is dismantled

STEN

The inner row of panels is dismantled

End and corner panels

External panel block.

ELEVATOR SHAFT

The internal formwork block is dismantled

The outer formwork is dismantled.

OVERLAPPING

Intermediate racks are dismantled

Main pillars lowered by 4 cm

Cross beams are dismantled

Formwork panels are dismantled

The main beams are dismantled

The racks are dismantled.

The sequence of operations when dismantling the formwork.

COLUMNS

Remove the panel board

Remove the scaffold consoles

Release the column bolts on the block of two panels

Secure a block of two panels using TRIO hooks, disconnect the leveling rods from the fastening

Using a tower crane, lower it onto the storage area in preparation for the next concreting.

Sling the next block of two panels, disconnect the leveling rods and lower it with a tower crane onto the storage area.

WALLS

Remove the panel board

Remove the scaffold consoles

Strop the inner one panel block of three panels with two TRIO hooks

Remove the BFD locks from the block of panels connecting to the next block of panels, disconnect the rods and locks that level the rods

Using a crane, the block of three panels is released and lowered onto the storage area.

Repeat all operations with the following shield blocks

Attach the end shield

Free it from cords and constipations and lower it to the storage area using a tower crane

Sling outdoor unit of three shields

Remove the leveling rods, BFD locks fastening the next block of panels and lower them to the storage area using a crane

Repeat these operations with the following blocks of external panels.

ELEVATOR SHAFT

Remove tension rods and constipations.

Sling indoor unit formwork with four sling hooks and, using a crane, remove the entire block from the elevator shaft and place it on the storage area for subsequent preparation.

Sling the end block with the decoupling element and, using a crane, remove it from the shaft and lower it to the storage area

Remove the panel board and scaffolding consoles from the next outer wall elevator

Sling this block with two TRIO hooks

Remove the leveling rods and, using a tower crane, lift the unit out of the elevator shaft and lower it onto the storage area

Repeat these operations with the next block of the outer wall of the elevator.

OVERLAPPING

Dismantling of the formwork is carried out according to the technological map.

Safety precautions.

In the area where installation work is being carried out, other work and unauthorized persons are not allowed.

Structural elements to be installed must be cleaned of dirt and ice before they are lifted.

People are not allowed to remain on structural elements while they are being lifted and moved.

People are not allowed to be under the mounted elements until they are installed in the design position and secured.

The formwork blocks should be unslinged from the mounting towers H = 2.5 m (5.14 D, catalog 2617-961-89), external panels from the block decks.

It is not allowed to carry out installation work at a height of open places at a wind speed of 15 m/sec or more, during icy conditions, thunderstorms, fog, excluding visibility within the work front. Work on moving formwork panels with a large windage should be stopped at a wind speed of 10 m/sec.

During the installation of formwork, installers must be on previously installed and securely fastened structures or scaffolding means.

When installing panels with a large windage area, it is necessary to use guy ropes to keep the panel from swinging.

Every day before starting work, the foreman (master) must check the condition assembled panels and formwork blocks, working decks, overhead platforms and stairs.

Perform welding and gas-flame work wooden formwork without appropriate safety measures is prohibited.

Carry out work in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.03.01-87 “Load-bearing and enclosing structures”, SNiP 12.03-2001 part 1, SNiP 12.03-2001 part 2 “Occupational safety in construction”, SNiP 21.01 – 97 “ Fire safety buildings and structures", SNiP 2.02.02-85* "Fire safety standards".

Technological map for concrete work of a monolithic house in PERI formwork

Concreting columns, walls and ceilings should be done using clamps. Each floor is divided in plan into 2 sections. The working seam is indicated in the project. When installing the reinforcement at the boundary of the grips in the ceiling, install a woven mesh GOST 3826-82, tying it to the reinforcement with knitting wire. Resumption of concreting in places where construction joints are installed is allowed once the concrete reaches a strength of 1.5 MPa. Clean the working seams from the cement film using an air jet from the compressor. Work joints can be arranged - for columns and walls at the bottom level of the floor slab, for floors in the middle of the span 3-4 or 4-5 - parallel to the digital axes. During the initial period of concrete hardening, it is necessary to protect it from precipitation or moisture loss.

Before concreting begins, the following work must be performed on each section:

Installation and alignment of formwork

Installation of fittings

An inspection report has been drawn up hidden work for the installation of fittings, embedded parts, corrugated power supply pipes, formwork.

When concreting columns, use concrete class B 20, frost resistance grade F50; internal walls (diaphragms) – concrete class B 20, frost resistance grade F50; elevator shafts - concrete class B20, frost resistance grade F50; floors - concrete class B20, frost resistance grade F50.

The movement of people along concreted structures and the installation of formwork on overlying structures is allowed when the concrete reaches a strength of at least 15 MPa.

Concrete is delivered to the construction site in truck mixers. At the construction site, organize a place for receiving concrete from truck mixers in the form of two bunkers. To ensure uniform distribution of concrete in the formwork of walls and columns, unload concrete into funnels installed in the formwork.

Reinforcement of walls and columns performed directly on the gripper manually from individual rods and frames, having previously submitted the workpieces with a crane to the ceiling. Fixation of frames in relation to the edges of the wall in order to form a protective layer is carried out using clamps according to grades, depending on the Ø of the reinforcement on which it is placed and the thickness of the protective layer of concrete. Concrete should be laid within the work front in horizontal layers 500 mm thick. When compacted concrete mixture The depth of immersion of the vibrator should ensure that it is immersed in the previously laid layer by 5-10 cm. The step of rearranging the vibrators is no more than 1.5 of its radius of action. Vibrate until air bubbles appear on the surface of the concrete; vibrate especially carefully in the corners of the formwork.

Floor slab reinforcement made from frames and meshes manufactured at the factory (reinforcement yard of the construction site). Meshes and frames are transported by tower crane to workplace and are installed in the following sequence:

A series of lower grids are installed

Support frames are installed

The upper grids are installed.

Safety precautions.

At the same time, all embedded parts according to the design are installed in the formwork. Concrete should be laid within the designated work area to the depth of the floor thickness without breaks, with a consistent laying direction in one direction. The height of free dumping of concrete from the bunker is no more than 1 m. Perform vibration until air bubbles appear on the surface of the concrete, until laitance appears.

The concrete receiving area should be fenced on three sides, except for the vehicle access side; “Caution, possible fall” signs are installed on this side.

Climb onto the scaffolding using inventory ladders.

When compacting the concrete mixture, it is not allowed to rest vibrators on reinforcement and embedded products, rods and other formwork fastening elements.

Every day, before starting to lay concrete in the formwork, it is necessary to check the condition of the container, formwork and scaffolding.

Detected malfunctions must be corrected immediately.

Before starting work on installing the reinforcement, install a fence around the perimeter of each catch on the ceiling.

8. Carry out work in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.03.01-87 “Load-bearing and enclosing structures”, SNiP 12.03-2001 part 1, SNiP 12.03-2001 part 2 “Occupational safety in construction”, SNiP 21.01 - 97 “Fire safety of buildings and structures", SNiP 2.02.02-85* "Fire safety standards".

Concreting of columns, walls and ceilings is carried out using Peri formwork. The formwork kit consists of:

- WALLS - made of metal panels lined with waterproof plywood 21 mm thick, withstanding the pressure of freshly laid concrete 60 kN/m 2; BFD straightening locks, which ensure cohesion, evenness and density of formwork panels in one operation; tie rods DV - 15 with nut - gasket with permissible load per tie 90 kN; RSS leveling strands with support, ensuring the stability of the formwork structures and designed for a load of 30 kN; consoles for suspended scaffolding TRZh 120, ensuring safety with a load on the scaffold of 150 kg/m 2.
- COLUMNS - TRS metal panels, lined with waterproof plywood 21 mm thick, withstanding the permissible pressure of freshly laid concrete 100 kN/m 2, column tension bolts with a permissible load per bolt of 90 kN.
- FLOORS - from lattice beams GT 24 of various lengths with a load-bearing capacity - transverse force in the struts - 14 kN, bending moment - 7 kNm, supports PER 30 with a load-bearing capacity of 30 kN; boards made of waterproof plywood 21 mm thick.

The formwork is delivered to the construction site in special containers by road and stored under a canopy.

See the formwork installation diagram below, it shows a diagram of the arrangement of work tables and the installation and docking of PERI carts.

Before installing the formwork on the grip, you must do the following:

- concrete a reinforced concrete slab with reinforcement outlets for columns, walls, and an elevator shaft;
- apply marks of alignment axes to reinforced concrete slabs;
- apply the concrete-separating liquid “Pera-Klin” to the formwork panels using a spray gun;

installation of design reinforcement;

delivery of tools, fixtures and equipment to the workplace.

Formwork installation diagram.

The order of installation of formwork on the grip:

WALLS and COLUMNS:

- install the block of external formwork panels on spacers;
- install fittings;
- install a block of internal panels on rods and locks with hanging consoles for scaffolding and flooring.

When carrying out geodetic work, it is necessary to be guided by SNiP 3.01.03 - 84 “Geodetic work in construction”.

To reduce the adhesion of the deck to the concrete surface, thoroughly clean it and spray it with Peri-Wedge concrete separating liquid. Cleaning should be carried out immediately after removing the formwork by spraying with water, then using a scraper with a rubber tip and a hair brush and spraying with concrete separating liquid. Apply concrete separating liquid using a hand-held spray gun. Application should be carried out at the storage site (in winter - in a warm room). Provide measures to prevent the lubricant film from being washed away by rain.

Slinging of the formwork is carried out using a special TRIO hook, included in the formwork kit, and a transport sling with four ropes. To lift the panels, use two TRIO crane hooks (the load-bearing capacity of one hook is 1.5 t).

See the diagram for slinging the formwork elements below.

Lifting of small and piece items should be carried out in containers.

Slinging scheme for formwork elements.

The sequence of operations when installing wall formwork:

- the position of the diaphragm is marked on site using hammer drills, holes W = 25 mm and a depth of 90 mm are drilled in reinforced concrete slabs for installation of NKD-S M 20 anchors.
- on the stand, in a horizontal position, a package of panels (3 pieces) is assembled, connected by BFP locks with RSS1 spacers attached to them.
- using crane hooks of the “Peri” system (2 pieces per transport unit), the package of panels is lifted into a vertical position and transported by crane to the installation site.
- the package of panels is installed according to the risks in the design position on the outer section of the diaphragm and secured with spacers RSS1 and anchors NKD - S M20 to the reinforced concrete slab. Separate panels or packages of panels are attached to the installed formwork, depending on the length of the diaphragm, and fastened together with BFD locks in the quantity specified in the project.
- the entire structure is brought into a vertical position using spacers RSS1, and then the reinforcing work begins.
- after completion of the reinforcement work, an internal row of formwork panels is installed, connected to the previously installed panels using DW - 15 ties and nut-washers, with the installation of PVC-U pipes W = 25 mm long per diaphragm thickness.
- then end shields Shch-1 are installed, connected to the formwork panels with BFD locks and leveling locks TAR-85, scaffolding consoles TRG - 120 and wooden flooring 35 - 40 mm thick are hung.

The entire structure is finally brought into a strictly vertical position and handed over for concrete work.

COLUMNS:

- reinforcement work is being carried out.
- a formwork block is assembled on a horizontal stand from two panels connected by column bolts.
- using a crane equipped with slings with two TRIO hooks, the block is brought into a vertical position and installed on a horizontal platform and temporarily secured to the base with a spacer RSS1.
- the third shield is mounted.
- a block of three panels is transported to the installation site using a tower crane with two TRIO hooks and mounted in the design position with the RSS1 spacer secured to the floor slab.
- the fourth shield is mounted and secured with spacer RSS1.
- scaffold consoles are hung, and the scaffold panel flooring is made.
- the formwork is brought into a strictly vertical position using spacers RSS1. The formwork is ready for concreting the elevator shaft.

The internal elevator shafts are marked on the foundation slab.

On a stand in a horizontal position, four packages of panels are assembled for the length of the inner wall of the elevator shaft, fastened together with BFD locks according to the design.

Reinforcement work is being carried out.

After the completion of the reinforcement work, the outer formwork panels of the elevator shaft are installed, connected to the previously installed formwork with DW 15 ties with nuts-washers and PVC-U pipes W 25 mm long for the thickness of the elevator wall, leveling locks TAR - 85 and between each other with BFD locks according to the project.

The RSS1 spacers are installed, the TRG-120 scaffolding consoles are hung, and the plank flooring is made according to the design.

Using spacers RSS1, the structure is brought into a vertical position and handed over for concrete work.

Concrete work is being carried out.

Sequence of installation of elevator shaft formwork from mark +0.000

Supporting elements (support stand) are installed in the upper holes, freed from ties, to support the next tier of formwork according to the design.

Flooring is being installed in the elevator shaft and staircase for installation and reinforcement work.

The internal formwork of the elevator shaft (assembled) is mounted using a tower crane onto the installed support elements (supports) in the elevator shaft.

Reinforcement work is being carried out on the tier of installed formwork in the elevator shaft.

The entire structure is brought into a strictly vertical position and handed over for concrete work.

Concrete work is being carried out.

OVERLAPPING

Installation and dismantling of the “multiflex” floor formwork is carried out according to the technological map.

DISMANTLING FORMWORK.

Dismantling of the formwork of columns, walls and the elevator shaft begins when the concrete reaches a strength of 1.5 MPa, the ceiling is 15 MPa.

The order of dismantling the formwork.

- a block of two internal panels is dismantled
- the next block of two panels is dismantled

- the inner row of panels is dismantled
- end and corner panels
- external panel block.

ELEVATOR SHAFT

- the internal formwork block is dismantled
- external formwork is dismantled.

OVERLAPPING

- intermediate racks are dismantled
- the main pillars are lowered by 4 cm
- cross beams are dismantled
- formwork panels are dismantled
- formwork panels are dismantled
- main beams are dismantled
- the racks are dismantled.

The sequence of operations when dismantling the formwork.

- remove the panel board
- remove the scaffold consoles
- release the column bolts on the block of two panels
- lash a block of two panels using TRIO hooks, disconnect the leveling rods from the fastening
- using a tower crane, lower it to the storage area in preparation for the next concreting.
- rig the next block of two panels, disconnect the leveling rods and lower it with a tower crane onto the storage area.

- remove the panel board
- remove the scaffold consoles
- rig the internal panel block of three panels with two TRIO hooks
- remove the BFD locks from the block of panels connecting to the next block of panels, disconnect the rods and locks that level the rods
- using a crane, release the block of three panels and lower it onto the storage area.
- repeat all operations with the following shield blocks
- strap the end shield
- free it from cords and constipations and lower it to the storage area using a tower crane
- rig the outer block of three panels
- remove the leveling rods, BFD locks fastening the next block of panels and lower them to the storage area using a crane
- repeat these operations with the following blocks of external panels.

ELEVATOR SHAFT

- remove tension rods and constipation.
- strap the inner formwork block with four sling hooks and, using a crane, remove the entire block from the elevator shaft and place it on the storage area for subsequent preparation.
- strap the end block with the decoupling element and, using a crane, remove it from the shaft and lower it to the storage area
- remove the panel deck and scaffolding consoles from the next outer wall of the elevator
- fasten this block with two TRIO hooks
- remove the leveling rods and, using a tower crane, remove the block from the elevator shaft and lower it to the storage area
- repeat these operations with the next block of the outer wall of the elevator.

OVERLAPPING

Dismantling of the formwork is carried out according to the technological map.

Safety precautions.

In the area where installation work is being carried out, other work and unauthorized persons are not allowed.

Structural elements to be installed must be cleaned of dirt and ice before they are lifted.

People are not allowed to remain on structural elements while they are being lifted and moved.

People are not allowed to be under the mounted elements until they are installed in the design position and secured.

The formwork blocks should be unslinged from the mounting towers H = 2.5 m (5.14 D, catalog 2617-961-89), external panels from the block decks.

It is not allowed to carry out installation work at height in open areas with a wind speed of 15 m/sec or more, during icy conditions, thunderstorms, or fog that precludes visibility within the work front. Work on moving formwork panels with a large windage should be stopped at a wind speed of 10 m/sec.

During the installation of formwork, installers must be on previously installed and securely fastened structures or scaffolding means.

When installing panels with a large windage area, it is necessary to use guy ropes to keep the panel from swinging.

Every day before starting work, the foreman (master) must check the condition of the assembled panels and formwork blocks, working decks, overhead platforms and stairs.

It is prohibited to carry out welding and gas-flame work on wooden formwork without appropriate safety measures.

Carry out work in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.03.01-87 “Load-bearing and enclosing structures”, SNiP 12.03-2001 part 1, SNiP 12.03-2001 part 2 “Occupational safety in construction”, SNiP 21.01 - 97 “Fire safety of buildings and structures” , SNiP 2.02.02-85* “Fire safety standards”.

Technological map for concrete work of a monolithic house in PERI formwork

Concreting columns, walls and ceilings should be done using clamps. Each floor is divided in plan into 2 sections. The working seam is indicated in the project. When installing reinforcement at the boundary of the grips in the ceiling, install a woven mesh GOST 3826-82, tying it to the reinforcement with knitting wire. Resumption of concreting in places where construction joints are installed is allowed once the concrete reaches a strength of 1.5 MPa. Clean the working seams from the cement film using an air jet from the compressor. Work joints can be arranged - for columns and walls at the bottom level of the floor slab, for floors in the middle of the span 3-4 or 4-5 - parallel to the digital axes. During the initial period of concrete hardening, it is necessary to protect it from precipitation or moisture loss.

Before concreting begins, the following work must be performed on each section:

- installation and alignment of formwork
- installation of fittings
- a certificate of inspection of hidden work was drawn up for the installation of reinforcement, embedded parts, corrugated power supply pipes, and formwork.

When concreting columns, use concrete class B 20, frost resistance grade F50; interior walls(diaphragms) - concrete class B 20, frost resistance grade F50; elevator shafts - concrete class B20, frost resistance grade F50; floors - concrete class B20, frost resistance grade F50.

The movement of people along concreted structures and the installation of formwork on overlying structures is allowed when the concrete reaches a strength of at least 15 MPa.

Reinforcement of walls and columns is carried out directly on the grip manually from individual rods and frames, having previously submitted the workpieces by crane to the ceiling. Fixation of frames in relation to the edges of the wall in order to form a protective layer is carried out using clamps according to the grades, depending on the reinforcement on which it is placed and the thickness of the protective layer of concrete. Concrete should be laid within the work front in horizontal layers 500 mm thick. When compacting the concrete mixture, the depth of immersion of the vibrator should ensure that it is immersed in the previously laid layer by 5-10 cm. The step of rearranging the vibrators is no more than 1.5 of its radius of action. Vibrate until air bubbles appear on the surface of the concrete; vibrate especially carefully in the corners of the formwork.

Reinforcement of the floor slab is made from frames and meshes manufactured at the factory (reinforcement yard of the construction site). Meshes and frames are transported to the workplace by tower crane and installed in the following sequence:

- a number of lower grids are installed
- support frames are installed
- upper grids are installed.

The assembly of spatial frames into volumetric frames is carried out using knitting wire. The lower mesh should be fixed in relation to the floor plane in order to form a protective layer using plastic clamps (TU 6-05-160-77). Simultaneously with the installation of fittings, lay horizontal PVC pipes for passing electrical communications. Thread the wire into the tubes before installation. The tubes are secured to the fittings with binding wire. At the same time, all embedded parts according to the design are installed in the formwork. Concrete should be laid within the designated work area to the depth of the floor thickness without breaks, with a consistent laying direction in one direction. The height of free dumping of concrete from the bunker is no more than 1 m. Perform vibration until air bubbles appear on the surface of the concrete, until laitance appears.

Safety precautions.

1. The concrete receiving area should be fenced on three sides, except for the vehicle access side; “Caution, possible fall” signs are installed on this side.
2. Climb onto the scaffolding using inventory ladders.
3. When compacting the concrete mixture, it is not allowed to rest vibrators on reinforcement and embedded products, rods and other formwork fastening elements.
4. Every day before starting to lay concrete in the formwork, it is necessary to check the condition of the container, formwork and scaffolding. Detected malfunctions must be corrected immediately.
5. When compacting concrete with electric vibrators, it is not allowed to move the vibrator by the current-carrying hoses, and during breaks in work and when moving from one place to another, the electric vibrators must be turned off.
6. The placement of equipment and materials on the formwork that are not provided for in the work project, as well as the presence of unauthorized persons, is not permitted.
7. Before starting work on installing the reinforcement, install a fence around the perimeter of each catch on the ceiling.
8. Carry out work in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.03.01-87 “Load-bearing and enclosing structures”, SNiP 12.03-2001 part 1, SNiP 12.03-2001 part 2 “Occupational safety in construction”, SNiP 21.01 - 97 “Fire safety of buildings and structures", SNiP 2.02.02-85* "Fire safety standards".