Help on Tele2, tariffs, questions

Great Stand on the Ugra River ( Kaluga region) took place in 1480 and is considered the end of the Mongol-Tatar yoke.

In 1480, the troops of the Great Horde Khan Akhmat settled on one side of the river, and the Russian troops, led by the Grand Duke of Moscow Ivan III, were located on the other side of the Ugra River. Akhmat did not dare to attack the Russians and went home. This is how the 300-year Mongol war ended Tatar yoke.

A memorial stone in honor of the Great Standing on the Ugra was installed near the Ugra River near the village of Dvortsy, Kaluga Region. (GPS coordinates: 54.62373912334442, 35.98668336868286).

Finding this place is not so easy. If you go by car, there are many signs in advance informing you that the site of the Great Stand on the Ugra will soon be there. But when you approach the place itself, there are no signs and you can drive past. You need to go to the village of Dvortsy and drive through it along a dirt path to the Ugra River.

There is a memorial stone here and wooden fence, decorated with crossed swords and shields.

The place is picturesque, there is a wide field around, and the Ugra River is nearby.

The worship cross in memory of the Great Standing on the Ugra River is located next to the memorial stone (about 300 m) near the Ugra River. The worship cross was erected in 2002 in honor of the patronage of our Most Holy Lady Theotokos of the Russian Land. The foundation of the cross is laid with soil from the Kulikovo field.

The Vladimir skete of the Kaluga Monastery of St. Tikhon's Monastery is located not far from the memorial stone (about 700 m) in the village of Dvortsy. There is an asphalt road leading to it highway, there is free parking nearby.

On the territory of the Vladimir monastery there is a museum complex-diorama “The Great Stand on the Ugra”. The diorama was created by a group of artists from the studio named after. M.B. Grekov under the leadership of Pavel Ryzhenko. Pavel Ryzhenko painted the canvas, 6 meters high and 26 meters long, in two months.

The building of the museum complex also has an observation deck overlooking the Ugra.

On the territory of the complex there is a Temple in honor of the “Vladimir” Icon of the Mother of God (upper). The lower limit of the Temple was consecrated in honor St. Sergius Radonezh. The temple was consecrated in 2011.

Monument to the Great Stand on the Ugra

Kaluga region, federal highway M3-Ukraine, a little short of the bridge over the Ugra (when driving from Moscow).

In this place in 1980, on the 500th anniversary, a memorial sign was erected. The modern sculptural composition was installed in 1988. The sculpture is installed on an embankment and represents a group of four armed Russian warriors, with spears and swords, who stand with their shields closed. The height of the monument is 6 meters. The monument is made of decorative concrete With marble chips

at the Kaluga Sculpture Factory.

Kaluga St. Tikhon's Hermitage. Address: 249842 Kaluga region, Dzerzhinsky district, village. Lev Tolstoy, st. Sovetskaya, 19. The monastery was founded in the second half of the 15th century. Venerable Tikhon of Medyn, Kaluga Wonderworker.

In the late autumn of 1480, the Great Stand on the Ugra ended. It is believed that after this there was no more Mongol-Tatar yoke in Rus'.

Insult

The conflict between the Grand Duke of Moscow Ivan III and the Khan of the Great Horde Akhmat arose, according to one version, due to non-payment of tribute. But a number of historians believe that Akhmat received tribute, but went to Moscow because he did not wait for the personal presence of Ivan III, who was supposed to receive the label for the great reign. Thus, the prince did not recognize the authority and power of the khan.

Akhmat should have been especially offended by the fact that when he sent ambassadors to Moscow to ask for tribute and quitrents for the past years, the Grand Duke again did not show due respect. In the “Kazan History” it is even written like this: “the Grand Duke was not afraid... taking the basma, spat on it, broke it, threw it to the ground and trampled under his feet.” Of course, such behavior of the Grand Duke is difficult to imagine, but a refusal to recognize Akhmat’s power followed.

The Khan's pride is confirmed in another episode. In Ugorshchina, Akhmat, who was not in the best strategic position, demanded that Ivan III himself come to the Horde headquarters and stand at the ruler’s stirrup, waiting for a decision to be made.

But Ivan Vasilyevich was concerned about his own family. People did not like his wife. Having panicked, the prince first of all saves his wife: “Ivan sent Grand Duchess Sophia (a Roman, as the chroniclers say) along with the treasury to Beloozero, giving orders to go further to the sea and ocean if the khan crosses the Oka,” wrote historian Sergei Solovyov. However, people were not happy about her return from Beloozero: “ Grand Duchess Sophia ran from the Tatars to Beloozero, but no one chased her.”

Brothers, Andrei Galitsky and Boris Volotsky, rebelled, demanding to divide the inheritance of their deceased brother, Prince Yuri. Only when this conflict was resolved, not without the help of his mother, could Ivan III continue the fight against the Horde. In general, “women’s participation” in standing on the Ugra is great. If you believe Tatishchev, then it was Sophia who persuaded Ivan III to make a historic decision. The victory in the Stoanion is also attributed to the intercession of the Mother of God.

By the way, the amount of the required tribute was relatively low - 140,000 altyn. Khan Tokhtamysh, a century earlier, collected almost 20 times more from the Vladimir principality.

No savings were made when planning defense. Ivan Vasilyevich gave the order to burn the settlements. Residents were relocated inside the fortress walls.

There is a version that the prince simply paid off the khan after the Standing: he paid one part of the money on the Ugra, and the second after the retreat. Beyond the Oka, Andrei Menshoy, brother of Ivan III, did not attack the Tatars, but gave a “way out.”

Indecisiveness

Grand Duke he refused to take active steps. Subsequently, his descendants approved of his defensive position. But some contemporaries had a different opinion.

At the news of Akhmat's approach, he panicked. The people, according to the chronicle, accused the prince of endangering everyone with his indecision. Fearing assassination attempts, Ivan left for Krasnoe Seltso. His heir, Ivan the Young, was with the army at that time, ignoring his father’s requests and letters demanding that he leave the army.

The Grand Duke nevertheless left in the direction of Ugra in early October, but did not reach the main forces. In the city of Kremenets, he waited for his brothers to reconcile with him. And at this time there were battles on the Ugra.

Why didn't the Polish king help?

Akhmat Khan's main ally, the Grand Duke of Lithuania and the Polish King Casimir IV, never came to the rescue. The question arises: why?

Some write that the king was concerned about the attack of the Crimean Khan Mepgli-Girey. Others point to internal strife in the land of Lithuania - a “conspiracy of princes.” “Russian elements”, dissatisfied with the king, sought support from Moscow and wanted reunification with the Russian principalities. There is also an opinion that the king himself did not want conflicts with Russia. The Crimean Khan was not afraid of him: the ambassador had been negotiating in Lithuania since mid-October.

And the freezing Khan Akhmat, having waited for frost, and not for reinforcements, wrote Ivan III: “And now if I go away from the shore, because I have people without clothes, and horses without blankets. And the heart of winter will pass for ninety days, and I will be on you again, and the water I have to drink is muddy.”
Proud but careless Akhmat returned to the steppe with booty, ravaging the lands of his former ally, and remained to winter at the mouth of the Donets. There, the Siberian Khan Ivak, three months after the “Ugorshchina,” personally killed the enemy in his sleep. An ambassador was sent to Moscow to announce the death of the last ruler of the Great Horde. Historian Sergei Solovyov writes about it this way: “The last khan of the Golden Horde, formidable for Moscow, died from one of the descendants of Genghis Khan; he left behind sons who were also destined to die from Tatar weapons.”

Probably, the descendants still remained: Anna Gorenko considered Akhmat to be her ancestor on her mother’s side and, having become a poetess, took the pseudonym Akhmatova.

Disputes about place and time

Historians argue about where Stoyanie was on the Ugra. They also name the area near the Opakov settlement, the village of Gorodets, and the confluence of the Ugra and Oka. “A land road from Vyazma stretched to the mouth of the Ugra along its right, “Lithuanian” bank, along which Lithuanian help was expected and which the Horde could use for maneuvers. Even in the middle of the 19th century. The Russian General Staff recommended this road for the movement of troops from Vyazma to Kaluga,” writes historian Vadim Kargalov.
Not known and exact date the arrival of Akhamat to the Ugra. Books and chronicles agree on one thing: this happened no earlier than the beginning of October. The Vladimir Chronicle, for example, is accurate down to the hour: “I came to Ugra in October on the 8th day of the week, at 1 o’clock in the afternoon.” In the Vologda-Perm Chronicle it is written: “the king went away from the Ugra on Thursday, the eve of Michaelmas” (November 7).

Anyone, even the most distant person from history, knows that once upon a time, for more than two centuries, Rus' was under the yoke of the Tatar-Mongol yoke. This period began in 1243 and ended in 1480. Everyone also heard about the significant event, when the troops of the Moscow Prince of Rus' Dmitry Donskoy defeated the Horde troops led by Khan Mamai.

However Rus' was finally freed from the yoke only a century later. In 1480, the so-called Standing on the Ugra River or “Ugorshchina” took place. According to Wikipedia, the Standing on the Ugra River is a military action between Khan of the Great Horde Akhmat and Grand Duke Ivan III. Historians believe that this event is the last confrontation that finally liberated Rus'.

How did the Standing begin?

Prerequisites:

In 1471, Akhmat gathered all his troops to head to the Moscow Principality. Near the city of Tarusa, when trying to swim across the Oka River, the khan's troops failed, since Russian troops did not give them the opportunity to swim. After this, the Horde burned the city of Aleksin and killed local population.

In 1476, Prince Ivan stopped paying tribute to the Horde, but historians argue about exact year cessation of payment of tribute. There is also an assumption that this happened already in 1471 before the battle in Aleksin.

Until 1480, Khan Akhmat fought with the Crimean Principality. But in March 1480 it became known that Akhmat’s troops were preparing to attack Moscow. A clear sign that Prince Ivan should expect an attack to Moscow, reconnaissance began with the Horde army on the Oka River.

The reason why only after so many years the khan decided only in 1480 to attack the Principality of Moscow was that Prince Ivan was in a quarrel with his brothers, who were dissatisfied with his power. They threatened to join the troops of the Polish-Lithuanian king Casimir, with whom Rus' had strained relations. And the khan also wanted to replenish the empty treasury, rob Moscow and achieve payment of tribute, which had not been paid for several years.

In fact, this entire year before the Standing on the Ugra, both Rus' and the Horde were preparing for battle. But one boyar advised Ivan to flee, while others advised him to fight decisively for the principality. Ivan chose the second option and sent one brother to Tarusa and the other to Serpukhov. And in June he himself went to Kolomna to await further events.

Standing on the Ugra River

Before decisive battle Khan Akhmat's troops moved through the Principality of Lithuania towards Moscow. The Great Horde never received military support from King Casimir. Akhmat decided to invade through the Lithuanian lands, since he knew that the troops could not get through the Oka, guarded by Russian regiments. According to history and maps of that time, the Polish-Lithuanian principality was located west of Rus'. Therefore, the khan decided to make his way from the western side through the Ugra River, located in the territory present-day Smolensk and Kaluga regions.

Prince Ivan III learned of this intention and began to prepare for an attack from the Ugra, and also sent his brother Andrei and his son to Kaluga and the Ugra. M. Khodarkovsky suggests that the Khan of the Great Horde did not have such a goal as to appear unexpectedly and intimidate. He really wanted to suppress the Prince of Moscow precisely because he had huge troops, and not by surprise.

Prince Ivan learned that his brothers had suppressed the rebellions, and he forgave them and sent them to the Oka. The prince himself with his detachment went to the city of Kremenets on October 3, and sent his regiment to the Ugra. Russian troops stretched along the coast for a great length.

On October 8, Khan Akhmat tried to get through the Ugra, but Ivan the Young (son of Ivan III) was able to protect the river bank. Then for several more days the Horde tried to get through, but each attempt ended in failure and shelling from Russian troops. The Khan retreated from the river, and the regiments of Ivan III stood on the opposite bank, ready for the appearance of opponents. The so-called Standing began.

All the advantages were on the side of Ivan III: the help of the brothers, the epidemic that unexpectedly struck the Horde, the Crimean Khan attacked Podolia in the Principality of Lithuania, so Casimir could not have helped the Horde in any way. Khan suggested to Ivan that he or his entourage come to him. Ivan sent one person as ambassador. Khan suggested that they pay off the debt for not paying tribute for the past few years. Negotiations passed, Khan was unable to achieve anything.

Having received a refusal to pay tribute, Khan Akhmat decided to wait for the cold weather to cross the river on ice. On October 22, the Ugra began to become covered with ice. Ivan no longer waited, but decided to change defensive tactics and make a decisive attack on October 28. The prince's sabotage detachment made its way to the rear of Khan Akhmat in Borovsk. The khan himself learned that they wanted to capture the capital of the Horde, but decided not to pursue the Russian detachment, since there were no advantages, there were no longer enough provisions. On November 11, the Horde sent back to the Horde. It happened final defeat Tatar-Mongols and the liberation of Rus' from the yoke.

It is known that on the way back, Akhmat’s troops plundered 12 Lithuanian cities to take revenge on Casimir, who did not provide them with military support.

Results

For many years, Rus' was oppressed by Tatar-Mongol rule. But gradually the situation changed. Russian rulers behaved more and more independently. In 1476, Grand Duke Ivan III stopped paying tribute to the Great Horde. Great Khan Akhmat did not immediately move his army to pacify the rebellious ruler - he was busy fighting. In 1480, the Russian state refused to completely submit to the Horde.

Akhmat Khan

Having gathered an army, Akhmat went to Moscow. The Russians understood that if Khan reached Moscow, then victory would be his. And therefore they decided to meet the horde in advance. But these events were preceded by heated debates among the Russian nobility. Part of the elite advised the Grand Duke to flee, but the Grand Duke, perhaps under the influence of the Muscovites, decided to give battle to the Khan.

Ivan III began to gather an army near the Oka River, while he himself remained in Kolomna. The Vladimir Icon was brought to Moscow Mother of God, whose intercession was associated with deliverance from Tamerlane’s invasion.

Khan Akhmat walked through the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, accompanied by Lithuanians loyal to him, to Vorotynsk. It was here that he waited for help from King Casimir IV of Poland. But the king had his own concerns. The allies of Ivan the Third, the Crimeans, raided Podolia. Therefore, Khan was forced to act alone. Having learned about the troops gathered on the Oka, he moved towards the Ugra. The Grand Duke also sent his troops there.

It is unlikely that Akhmat’s plans included the suddenness of his military maneuver. Rather, he resorted to the traditional Mongol tactic of intimidation by numbers.

In the fall, Ivan the Third arrived from Kolomna to Moscow for a council with the boyars and clergy, at which they decided to give battle to the khan. Russian squads stood along the Ugra for about 60 versts; attempts by the Tatars to cross the river were stopped by them.

Khan Akhmat withdrew his troops inland from the river, the Russians stood on the other bank. Thus began the great stand on the Ugra. The opponents still did not dare to fight. Akhmat demanded the obedience of the Moscow prince, expecting his son or brother as envoys with the tribute that the Russians owed him for the previous seven years. But the boyar’s son was sent to him for negotiations, which simply delayed time.

The situation was in favor of the Moscow prince. There were allies on the approaches, the Crimean Khan was ravaging the Lithuanian lands with might and main, preventing the Polish king from coming to the rescue of Akhmat.

Failed battle

There was another one important point. The Horde used sheep as food, since the army was mounted, the horses destroyed all the supplies around the site. The Russians received provisions from the Grand Duke's warehouses. And the main army was on foot. And most importantly, the Horde began to be decimated by a disease, which was later identified presumably as dysentery. The Russian army was not affected by the disease.

And the main strategic point is that Ivan the Third benefited from the absence of a clash, while for Akhmat the battle was vital.

The clergy also supported Ivan - Archbishop Vassian sent the prince a message of parting words. Akhmat, having gathered a huge army, left almost no reserve in the horde itself. Therefore, he sent the governor Vasily Nozdrevaty on a raid through enemy territory. The Crimean prince Nur-Devlet and his horsemen accompanied Vasily on this raid.

The coming winter changed the prince's strategy. He decided to retreat deeper into the territory, to more advantageous positions. Khan Akhmat, having learned about the raid of Prince Vasily with the Crimeans, as well as about their intentions to take the capital of the Khanate, decided not to accept battle with the squads and began to withdraw the army. Lack of food also played a significant role in this decision.

On the way back, he began to plunder Lithuanian settlements in revenge for Casimir's betrayal. In just two days, both troops left in different directions from the clash. If this was a victory on the part of the prince, then the khan definitely lost this failed battle.

Many contemporaries attributed the Khan's retreat to the intercession of the Mother of God, hence the second name of the Ugra River - the belt of the Mother of God.

Moscow greeted the prince with jubilation and celebrated the return of its troops as a victory. The Khan was greeted quite differently in Sarai, the capital of the horde. In early January, Akhmat, who left Sarai due to fear of assassination attempts, was killed by the Tyumen prince Ibak in a poorly protected headquarters, most likely at the instigation of Ivan the Third.
The Greater Horde began to be torn apart by hostility and struggle for power between the khans.

The stand on the Ugra revealed new diplomatic techniques used by the rulers of the principality. These are successful alliance treaties, which largely freed up his hands to act behind enemy lines, and the raid of Prince Vasily himself, which forced Akhmat to retreat. And, in fact, the very avoidance of a collision, which the Russians no longer needed - the days of the Horde were numbered.

It is “standing” that is considered the final point in Tatar-Mongol yoke, where Rus', having received not formal, but actual sovereignty, began its path as a great power.

The last invasion of Horde troops into Russian lands

The stand on the Ugra also had far-reaching consequences - part of the Lithuanian lands went to the Moscow principality. The Grand Duke was an extraordinary diplomat - he avoided conflict with the Horde until the last. Even in 1502, he calls himself a “servant” of the Horde, although in the same year it was defeated by the Crimean Khan Menli I Giray.

The concept of “Tatar yoke” was introduced by the historian Karamzin. A number of historians, mostly foreign, deny the significance of the “standing on the Ugra” event, considering it an ordinary diplomatic event. As evidence for this version, it is said that the payment of tribute, although it decreased significantly, did not stop. Arguments were also given in favor of this that in the records of contemporaries there is no evidence of liberation from the Tatars.

Other historians believed that the council of boyars and the fierce confrontation between the two parties was clear evidence that the events were more significant than a simple diplomatic clash.

The Grand Duke modestly writes about this event: “Akhmat Khan attacked me, but the all-merciful God wanted to save us from him and did so.”

The stand on the Ugra was of great importance because it was the last invasion of the Horde troops into Russian lands. In honor of the quincentenary, in 1980, a monument was unveiled at the site of these long-standing events.

This historical event, described in all textbooks on the History of Russia, has a special memorable relationship with the Russian Orthodox Church. That is why, on the territory of the Vladimir monastery, opened not far from the Kaluga St. Tikhon’s Hermitage, a diorama museum dedicated to this event was opened, and the first monument in Russia to Grand Duke John III was erected.

In May 2007, in the village of Dvortsy, Kaluga Region, 20 kilometers from the city of Kaluga, 175 km from the city of Moscow, the construction of the Vladimir Skete began in memory of a great event from Russian history, which is referred to as the “Great Stand on the Ugra River of 1480” . The monastery was created on the initiative and efforts of the Monastery of the Dormition of the Blessed Virgin Mary of the Kaluga St. Tikhon Hermitage, which is located nearby, at a distance of about 3 kilometers.

Today, on the territory of the skete there is a temple in honor of the icon of the Mother of God "Vladimir", a museum-diorama dedicated to the Great Stand on the Ugra River, a monument to Grand Duke John III. The opening of the monument took place on July 8, 2017 and it preceded the opening of another monument to this great king, who in the History of Russia is referred to as Ivan III Vasilyevich. The Church traditionally calls him John III in Old Slavonic.

We wrote about the opening of the monument to Ivan III in the city of Kaluga in front of the administration building of the Kaluga region in the article Monument to Ivan III Vasilyevich in Kaluga.

We approach the museum and see such beauty.

Opposite the main entrance to the territory of the Vladimir monastery there is a monument to Grand Duke John III. Having captured the monument in the photo, we hurried on the excursion. A tour of the diorama museum is held every hour; an adult ticket costs 300 rubles.

In the first hall of the museum there are paintings by the artist Pavel Ryzhenko. One painting depicts the Monk Tikhon of Kaluga. This holy elder was a direct participant in the events of the Great Stand on the Ugra River. It was he who was the founder of the monastery, which was later named the Kaluga St. Tikhon's Hermitage in his honor.

This painting depicts the Reverend Father Sergius blessing Dmitry Donskoy for the Battle of Kulikovo. A detailed explanation of the picture can be seen in the photo below.

In this painting, the artist depicts Grand Duke John III, who is holding a sword in his hands and, apparently, is preparing to fight the Tatars. On the faces of his interlocutors one can see both agreement on the need for the upcoming battle and uncertainty about victory.

Photography is allowed in this room. But in the next room, where the diorama of the battle itself is located, photography is prohibited. General form dioramas can be seen on the museum's website. The diorama was made by the studio of military artists named after M.B. Grekova. Honored Artist of Russia Pavel Ryzhenko depicted 155 characters on a huge canvas measuring 23.6 meters wide and 6.7 meters high, picturesquely showing the spirit and life of a Russian military camp.

The guide said that the artist completed his work in two months!!! He was very passionate about his work and was in a hurry to get it done quickly. But, unfortunately, after finishing the painting, the artist died, the cause of death being a stroke. He was only 44 years old. I thought that maybe he was overtired. Because 2 months is simply an unrealistic period. Artists have been painting for years. Very sad news.

The diorama is best viewed from upper tier, so the entire overview of the battle is better visible. In the background is the Ugra River, which makes a loop in this place. The troops of John III were stationed on one bank, and the troops of Khan Akhmat on the other. Countless tents of the Tatar army are visible across the river. The Russian camp is located in the foreground. Here you can see warriors, artisans, priests, and captured Tatars. In the painting, the artist depicted St. Tikhon, as well as himself, viewed from behind.

In the very foreground, the composition of the diorama is complemented by human figures, which makes it possible to clearly imagine the theater of military operations in three-dimensional form. When watching, the announcer's voice is heard, gun shots are heard, the clatter of hooves, people's voices, birds singing, bells ringing, and the smell is felt autumn foliage. In general, all human sensory organs are involved.

After finishing viewing the diorama, we moved to the second floor of the museum, where we could see exhibits related to the events of that time.

In this photograph we see a bird's eye view of the Ugra River and the place where historical events took place, in our modern times. The landscape of the area has probably changed since that time, but it is unlikely that it has changed significantly. We see that the place where the Russian troops stood was protected by the Ugra River like a belt. Therefore, apparently, the name “Ugra - Belt of the Most Holy Theotokos” arose.

Here you can see the clothes and ammunition of soldiers of that time.

On the pedestal there is a plaster model of the monument to John III, installed in front of the museum building.

From the window of the hall you can also see the original monument to the Grand Duke.

The diagram shows a plan of a military company.

As well as a map of memorable places associated with this event.

The next hall of the museum is dedicated to the artist, creator of the diorama, Pavel Ryzhenko. He was born in the city of Kaluga on July 11, 1970. Finished Russian Academy painting, sculpture and architecture, studied with Professor Ilya Glazunov. He completed his postgraduate studies at the Academy, receiving the title of associate professor. He died suddenly on July 16, 2014 in Moscow.

Having finished our excursion, we went to the monastery teahouse, where we tasted delicious monastery tea with gingerbread.

We also watched a film about the construction of the Vladimir skete, a diorama museum and about the artist Pavel Ryzhenko.

The tea room is beautifully decorated and all the treats are incredibly tasty.

After drinking tea, I walked around the yard and looked at the rest of the buildings.

Another main attraction of the Vladimir monastery is the temple in honor of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God. The temple is also very beautiful; I did not go inside the temple.

In this building under construction it is planned to open a museum dedicated to Russian statehood.

In the tower of the museum building there is an observation deck, by climbing onto which you can explore the surroundings.

See the rest of the photos below.

As we see, Russian Orthodox Church has to historical event"The Great Stand on the Ugra River in 1480" has its great memorable significance. Therefore, even in ancient times, the Kaluga Monastery of St. Tikhon’s Monastery was built here, and in our time the Vladimir monastery is being built and developed. This event was called “standing” because it was bloodless and all thanks to the intercession of God and the Queen of Heaven.

The Kaluga newspaper "Vest" comments on this attitude:

Eat historical fact that on June 23, 1480, on the eve of the terrible events of the autumn of 1480, the revered miraculous icon Vladimir Mother of God. For a long time, this image, according to legend, painted by the Evangelist Luke, was kept in Kyiv until it was transported by Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky to the Assumption Cathedral in the city of Vladimir. Continuous prayer services began to be performed in front of the icon, which was extremely important for the spiritual state of Russian soldiers.

The patronage of the Mother of God, as we know from the chronicles and, in particular, the Litsevoy Chronicle, accompanied many episodes of the Great Stand.

It was because of this that the Ugra, after the victory over the Horde, began to be called the Belt of the Most Holy (Most Pure) Mother of God. The chronicler tells us about this: “...and I can call that river (Ugra) the belt of the Most Holy Theotokos, like a firmament that protects the Russian land from the filthy.” Belt of the Virgin Mary - authentic Russian expression, built on traditional symbols: The Mother of God as the intercessor of the Russian land and the belt - a talisman against evil forces. It is no coincidence that the struggle for this “belt” was perceived by the people as a fateful event for the Fatherland.

In memory of the Great Standing and in gratitude for the salvation of the Fatherland, our ancestors began to build along the banks of the Ugra Orthodox monasteries and churches that consecrated these lands and assigned them to our Fatherland. Among them: the Spaso-Vorotynsky Monastery of the 16th century with the Church of the Entry of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the former Yukhnovsky Kazan Monastery of the same time with the Church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Assumption Cathedral in Przemysl, the Assumption Gremyachev and Assumption Sharovkin monasteries on the Oka and Zhizdra, the Assumption Cathedral of St. Tikhon Hermitage and finally St. Vladimir's Cathedral the monastery of this monastery.

I hope that our story was interesting, and even more interesting, of course, is to visit the museum and diorama yourself.